ford explorer - wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.pdf

8/11/2019 Ford Explorer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.pdf

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Ford Explorer

OverviewManufacturer Ford Motor Company

Production 1990present

Model years 1991present

Body and chassis

Class Mid-size sport utility vehicle (1991

2010)

Full-size crossover (2011present)

Chronology

Predecessor Ford Bronco II

Ford ExplorerFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Ford Exploreris a sport utility vehicle produced by

the American manufacturer Ford since 1990. The Ford

Explorer went on to become one of the most popular

sport utility vehicles on the road. The model years through

2010 were traditional body-on-frame, mid-size SUVs.

For the 2011 model year, Ford moved the Explorer to a

more modern unibody, full-size crossover SUV/crossover

utility vehicle platform, the same Volvo-derived platform

the Ford Flex and Ford Taurus use. It is slotted between

the traditional body-on-frame, full-size Ford Expedition

and the mid-size CUV Ford Edge. Although outwardly

similar, the fifth generation Explorer, Ford Edge and Ford

Escape do not share platforms. The fifth generation

Explorer does, however, share platforms with the FordFlex and Lincoln MKT.

The Explorer has also been involved in controversy, after

a spate of fatal rollover accidents in the 1990s involving

Explorers fitted with Firestone tires. Both two-door

Explorer Sportand four-door models of Explorer have

been sold. Part-time four-wheel drive is an available

option, and since 1995 this has been a 'shift on the fly'

system with full protection against being engaged at high

speed. A specially modified Special Service Vehicleversion is also available from Ford Fleet for law

enforcement agencies, fire departments, and EMS

agencies. Explorer was also the name of a trim package

offered on the Ford F-Series trucks from 1968 to 1986. The 2011 Ford Explorer was named North American

Truck of the Year.[1]

Contents

1 First generation (19901994)

2 Second generation (19952001)

2.1 Significant year to year changes

2.2 Engine specifications

3 Third generation (20022005)

4 Fourth generation (20062010)

4.1 Ford Explorer Sport Trac

4.2 Sport Trac Adrenalin

4.3 Explorer America concept

5 Fifth generation (2011)


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First generation (UN46)

First-generation Ford Explorer XLT 4x4

Overview

Production April 19901994

Assembly Louisville, Kentucky, United States

(Louisville Assembly Plant)

5.1 Features

5.2 Capability

5.3 Safety and security

5.3.1 NHTSA

5.4 Awards

5.5 2013 Ford Explorer Sport

6 Explorer Sport variation

6.1 Mazda Navajo

7 Ford Explorer Special Service Vehicle/Ford Police Interceptor Utility fleet vehicles

8 Export sales

8.1 UK models

8.2 Middle East

8.3 Current exports

9 Criticism and Controversies

9.1 Rollover and Firestone Tire controversy

9.2 U-Haul trailers

10 Sales

11 See also

12 References

13 External links

First generation (19901994)

When the first Ford Explorer rolled off the assembly line

on April 12, 1990, it was released in May, 1990 for the

1991 model year. First generation Explorers were

equipped with the then new 155 hp (116 kW) 4.0 L

Cologne V-6, manufactured in Cologne, Germany.

Vehicles came with either Ford's own 4-speed A4LD

automatic transmission, built in France, or Mazda's 5-speed M5OD manual transmission. Like the Bronco II it

replaced, it was an SUV derivative of the Ranger pickup,

thus Explorers came equipped with many of the Ranger's

optional features. Like its direct competitor, the Chevrolet

S-10 Blazer, Explorers were available in both 3-door and

5-door body styles and with either rear-wheel drive or

four-wheel drive. The four-wheel drive versions were

equipped with a Borg Warner 1354 part-time four-

wheel drive transfer case. The 1354 was available with

either "Touch Drive" electronic push-button shifting or

manual lever-operated shifting. Both were "shift-on-the-

fly" designs that allowed the SUVs to be shifted from

two-wheel drive to "four-high" at any speed and into


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St. Louis, Missouri, United

States(St. Louis Assembly)

Valencia, Venezuela (Valencia

Assembly)

Body and chassis

Body style 3-door SUV

5-door SUV

Layout Front engine, rear-wheel drive /

four-wheel drive

Related Mazda Navajo

Ford Ranger

Ford Bronco II

Powertrain

Engine 4.0 L Cologne V-6

Transmission 5-speed M5OD-R1 manual

4-speed A4LD automatic

Dimensions

Wheelbase 3-Door: 102.1 in (2593 mm)

5-Door: 111.9 in (2842 mm)

Length 3-Door: 174.5 in (4419 mm)

5-Door: 184.3 in (4673 mm)

Width 70.2 in (1778 mm)

Height 3-Door: 67.5 in (1714 mm)

5-Door: 67.3 in (1709 mm)

Eddie Bauer 4-Door 4WD: 68.3 in

(1735 mm)

Interior of First Generation Ford

Explorer 3-door Sport with cloth

seats

Second generation (UN105/UN150)

"four-low" when the vehicle was stopped. All Explorers

were equipped with the Ford 8.8 axle in either a limited

slip or open version with a variety of available gear ratios.

Four-wheel-drive front axles were the TTB ("Twin

Traction Beam") Dana 35 with some Dana 44-spec

components.

Explorers

initially came in

4 trim levels: the

base model XL

(which was

later replaced

with the XLS

trim package as

the base trim),

XLT, Sport

(which waswhat the 3-

door version

was called), and the upscale Eddie Bauer edition. For the

1993 model year, engine output was increased by 5 hp

(4 kW) for a total of 160 hp (119 kW). The Limited

edition, added for the 1993 model year, was available

only in the 5-door body style and was positioned at the

top of the lineup above the Eddie Bauer edition. It

featured automatic headlights, an auto-dimming rear-view

mirror, foglamps, a center roof console with compass andoutside thermometer, unique wheels and grille, and an

automatic transmission as standard equipment. The grill

and headlight trims on the Limited edition were paint-

matched to the body color, unlike the chrome (XLT) or

black plastic (XL) versions on other trim levels.

Similar to the 5-door Ford Explorer, the 3-door Explorer Sport model came in both rear-wheel drive and four-

wheel drive variants. It replaced the Ford Bronco II as Ford's 3-door mid-size SUV. A variant of the Explorer

Sport was sold by Mazda as the Navajo, which won Motor Trend Truck of the Year award, until it was

discontinued in 1994.

A common complaint about the first generation models is that the light-duty A4LD automatic transmission,

which was basically the 3-speed Ford C3 transmission with an overdrive gear, was not well-suited for towing

and was unable to cope with higher power output from modified engines. The A4LD was also known to suffer

premature failure of the overdrive gear (or 4th gear) when used to frequently tow or haul heavy loads. Improved

fluid cooling using aftermarket transmission coolers can alleviate these issues. Also, the automatic locking front

hubs on four-wheel drive vehicles tended to fail prematurely; the manual versions, made for Ford by Warn,

suffered from fewer reliability problems.

Second generation (19952001)


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Overview

Also called Ford Explorer Sport (3-door)

Production November 19942000[2]

November 19942003 for Sport

Assembly Louisville, Kentucky, United States

(Louisville Assembly Plant)St. Louis, Missouri, United States (


Assembly)

Body and chassis

Body style 3-door SUV(19952003)

5-door SUV(19952001)


four-wheel drive

Powertrain

Engine

4.0 L CologneOHV "Pushrod" V-6

(1995-2001)

4.0 L CologneSOHC V-6 (1997-

2003)

5.0 L WindsorOHV V-8 (1996-

2001)

Transmission

5-speedM5OD-R1manual (4.0 L

OHV)

5-speedM5OD-R1HD (4.0 L

SOHC)

4-speed4R55E automatic (4.0 L

1995-1996)

4-speed4R70W automatic (V-8

models)5-speed5R55E automatic (4.0 L

1997-2001)

Dimensions

The Explorer saw significant exterior, interior, and

suspension updates for the 1995 model year. The 4.0 L

Cologne V-6 from the previous generation carries over.

The "Twin Traction Beam" (TTB) front suspension was

replaced with a more carlike independent front

suspension. The Ford Explorer lineup now consisted of

two models, the 3-doorExplorer Sportand the 5-door

Explorer. TheLimitedwas once again the top of the linemodel. The selectable automatic ControlTrac four wheel

drive system debuted with a two-speed dual range

transfer case featuring three drive modes: 2WD, 4WD

auto, and 4WD low. The 1995 Ford Explorer was the

first production vehicle to use a neon center high-mount

stop lamp.[3]It was also the first vehicle in its segment to

have dual front airbags. Like the Explorer 5-door, the

Explorer Sportwas significantly redesigned for 1995.

TheEddie Bauertrim level was replaced with

Expeditionon 3-door Explorers for the 1995 modelear, but theExpeditiontrim was removed from the

lineup for the 1996 model year, as the name was being

reused for the new 1997 Ford Expedition.

Explorers have became favored in the engine tuning

crowd, with many performance parts available. The 5.0

engine is popular due to the fact that many aftermarket

5.0 (302) Ford Mustang parts are interchangeable with

the 5.0 variant in the Explorer. Aftermarket parts available

for second generation Explorers include, but are notlimited to superchargers, nitrous kits, and headers.

2001 saw the introduction of the Explorer Sport Trac,

which put a small pickup bed behind four normal SUV

doors. The Sport Trac is similar in design to the Ford F-

Series Super Crew, except the F-Series is based on a full

size pickup truck.

In 2009, this generation Ford Explorer had five of the top

seven spots for vehicles traded in under the "cash forclunkers" program, with the 1998 model topping the

list.[4]The 1994 model from the previous generation had

the eighth spot on the list.

The Explorer was sold outside of North America to

export markets in a right hand drive configuration. Today

countries like Japan export used right hand drive models

of the Ford Explorer to other countries such as Canada,

Australia and New Zealand where there is demand for

quality used right hand drive SUV's. Due to Japan's strict

Shaken Laws, used vehicles tend to have low milage with

detailed repair histories.[5]


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Wheelbase

199597 5-door: 111.5 in (2831

mm)

19982001 5-door: 111.6 in

(2834 mm)

199599 3-door: 101.7 in

(2565 mm)200003 3-door: 101.8 in (2568

mm)

Length

19952001 5-door: 190.7 in

(4826 mm)

199597 3-door: 178.6in (4536 mm)

199899 3-door: 180.8 in

(4572 mm)

200003 3-door: 180.4 in

(4562 mm)

Width 70.2 in (1778 mm)

Height 67.068.3 in (17021735 mm)

Significant year to year changes

1996

5.0 L (302ci) 302/"5.0" Windsor V-8 and heavy-

duty 4-speed 4R70W automatic transmission

added.

"Full time" all wheel drive system becomes

available only for the V-8 powered models.

1997

Saddle Tan interior is discontinued and replaced

with Medium Prairie Tan, a lighter color.

An updated, more powerful version of the current

pushrod V-6 is added as an option on all models

(except Eddie Bauer and Limited, on which this

engine was standard), the 4.0 L Cologne SOHC

V-6.[6]

A new 5-speed automatic transmission, the

5R55E, replaces the 4R55E for V-6 powered

Explorers. It's the first 5-speed automatic

transmission in any North American automobile.[7]

Four wheel drive V-6 powered Explorers receive a new electronic transfer case. The transfer case

selection knob on the dash no longer has a "2WD" option, being replaced with "Auto".

The Ford Explorer's twin, the Mercury Mountaineer debuts.

In early 1997, the 5.0 L V-8 received new cylinder heads (GT-40P series), which upped power to

215 hp (160 kW).

1998

Lift-gate redesigned.

Rear bumper redesigned.

Tail lights redesigned.

Seats are redesigned.

Dashboard's back-lighting is changed from blue to green.

Eddie Bauer and Limited models get a new steering wheel with integrated audio controls.

The neon center high-mount stop lamp is replaced with a more conventional LED lamp.

Rear privacy glass color is changed from bronze to black.

New 16" aluminum alloy wheels are now optional on XLT models and standard on Eddie Bauer models.

All models get a standard security system.


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Explorers are upgraded to second generation airbags.

1999

Fog lights redesigned.

Side airbags made available as an option.

Reverse-Sensing System made available as an option

Front bumper redesigned.

Quarter panels are slightly redesigned.

An XLS appearance package is offered on the base XL models.

Limited models get new 5-spoke 16" alloy wheels.

Limited models no longer have their own unique grille.

A new interior color, Dark Graphite, is added to the option list.

2000

XLS replaces XL as the base model.

Flex-fuel version introduced

2001

The Cologne OHV V-6 is discontinued, making the Cologne SOHC V6 the standard engine.

Last model year for 5 door Second Generation Explorers.

Sport model receives a new tailgate, new front end, as well as other cosmetic changes.[8]

2002

Sport model continues as a second generation model. Gauges now have a white face and new wheels.

2003

Final year for the 2-door sport model.

Engine specifications

Ford Cologne 4.0 LOHV V-6

Model years 19952001

Power (SAE net) 160 hp (119 kW)

Torque (SAE net) 220 ftlbf (300 Nm)

Ford Cologne 4.0 LSOHC V-6





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Third generation (U152)

Overview

Production November 20002005 (up to 2006

in the Philippines)[9]

Assembly Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.


St. Louis, Missouri, U.S. (St. Louis

Assembly)


Assembly)

Body and chassis



four-wheel drive / all-wheel drive

Related Ford Explorer Sport

Ford Explorer Sport Trac

Lincoln Aviator

Mercury Mountaineer

Powertrain

Engine 4.0 L CologneV6

4.6 L 16-valve ModularV8

Transmission 5-speed M5OD-R1HD manual

5-speed 5R55Wautomatic

5-speed 5R55S automatic

Dimensions

Wheelbase 200203: 113.7 in (2888 mm)

200405: 113.8 in (2890 mm)

Ford Windsor 5.0 LOHV V-8




Third generation (20022005)

The 5-door Explorer and its companion the Mercury

Mountaineer, in January 2001 were redesigned entirely

for the 2002 model year, losing all design similarity with

the Ford Ranger while also gaining a similar appearance

to its big brother, the Ford Expedition. The new design is

frequently mistaken for the later second generation

Expedition, having rounded wheel sockets and larger

back lights along with a more rounded appearance

overall. The previous generation's 4.0 L SOHC 12 valve

V-6 engine carried over, however the Windsor V8 wasreplaced by the 4.6 L 2V SOHC 16 valve V-8. Though

in the Sport Trac variant, the 4.0 L SOHC 12 valve V-6

was rated at just 205 hp (153 kW), 242 ftlbf (328 Nm)

of torque.[10]

A third row seat became available for the first time,

bringing total passenger capacity to seven. The Mazda 5-

speed manual and the 5-speed Ford C3-derived

automatic transmissions were available, but the 2002

model year was the last year the larger 5-door variant

could be ordered with a manual transmission. Trim

packages were now the base Sport Value, Sport

Choice,XLS, Sport Premium,XLT,Eddie Bauer, and

Limited, in order of luxury trim-offerings. The 2002-2004

models also saw stability control as an option, Ford's

dvanceTracwithRoll Stability Controlsystem. The

stability control system became standard for the 2005

model year.

For the third generation, Ford installed fully independent

rear suspension in the 5-door Ford Explorer and Mercury

Mountaineer - but not in the 3-door Sport model. This

replaced the non-independent "live axle" rear suspension

used in previous model year Explorers. With a fully

independent rear suspension, each rear wheel connects to

the rear differential via a half-shaft drive axle. This design

offers increased ride comfort, on-road handling, and

vehicle stability. Other vehicles have used this setup on

both rear and four-wheel drive vehicles for many years.For example, the Hummer H1 and the Mercedes-Benz

ML-Class use independent front and rear suspension.

One reason for Ford's switch to independent rear

suspension in the Explorer was due to the well-publicized


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Length 189.5 in (4800 mm)

Width 72.1 in (1828 mm)

Height 71.4 in (1803 mm)

Fourth generation (U251)

Overview

Production 2005December 2, 2010

Assembly Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.

vehicle rollovers and resulting fatalities that occurred with

the previous generations of Ford Explorer. All of the

Explorers involved in the rollovers had non-independent

rear suspension and most of the vehicles had Firestone

tires which Ford judged to be defective (see below).[11]

The suspension change drew some displeasure amongst fans of live-axle rear suspensions. One reason is that

live axles offer the most efficient power delivery. Another complaint was of lower load handling capabilities.Also, the move to independent systems was not company wide. For example, the larger Ford F-Series still uses

a non-independent rear suspension, due mostly to its power and load handling capabilities, most useful when

towing large loads. Furthermore, it appears there is no evidence that the rollovers were caused by the use of a

live axle setup. The larger Ford Expedition used non-independent rear suspension (2003 and up Ford

Expeditions use independent rear suspension) and didn't have the same magnitude of rollover complaints as the

previous model year Explorers . Many, including Firestone felt the tire failures were due to under-inflation of

tires, likely due to Ford's specified pressure being too near to the low pressure fail point of the tire. However,

the Firestone tires were in Fords view defective and to this day the Ford Motor Company refuses to use

Firestone tires on Explorers or any vehicle it sells.

The Explorer, Sport Trac, and Mountaineer all use the code U6for rear-wheel drive, U7for four-wheel drive,

and U8for all-wheel drive in the 5th and 6th positions of the VIN.

The 3-DoorExplorer Sportwas redesigned in 2001 to a similar body style as that of the 5-door 2002

Explorer. Due to the decline in popularity of 3-door smaller SUVs, theExplorer Sportwas discontinued after

2003. The Sport-marque was reintroduced as a performance variant of the 5-door fifth generation Explorer,

which is actually now a full-size crossover utility vehicle. The U152 development program began in 1996, with

the final design being chosen in 1997 and frozen for production in February 1998. [12]Production began in

November 2000 for a January 2001 launch.

On the automotive consumer review website CarComplaints.com, the 2002 Ford Explorer is ranked as the

"Worst Vehicle on Record", largely due to widespread transmission failure at under 100,000 miles of drive time.

It is trailed by the 2004 model at #3, the 2003 at #6 and the 2005 at #18. [13][14]

Fourth generation (20062010)

TheFord Explorerand theMercury Mountaineerwere

both updated for the 2006 model year on a new frame,

produced byMagna Internationalrather than Towerutomotive. It was upsized slightly because a then-brand

new crossover utility vehicle was added to Ford's

SUV/CUVlineup, the Ford Freestyle, in between the

Explorer SUV and the compact Ford Escape CUV.

Along with this new, stronger chassis, Ford updated the

interior, redesigned the rear suspension and added

power-folding third-row seats. Also, a tire pressure

monitoring system and electronic stability control became

standard equipment. Power running boards, like the ones

from the Lincoln Navigator, were also made available onthe Explorer and Mountaineer; the running boards lower

to allow easier access when entering the vehicle, then

retract upon door closure. Unlike previous generations,


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St. Louis, Missouri, U.S. (St. Louis

Assembly)


Assembly)

Body and chassis



four-wheel drive

Related Ford Explorer Sport Trac

Mercury Mountaineer

Powertrain

Engine 4.0 L Cologne SOHCV-6

4.6 LModular 24-valveV-8

Transmission 5-speed 5R55Sautomatic

6-speed 6Rautomatic

Dimensions

Wheelbase 113.7 in (2890 mm)

Length 193.4 in (4902 mm)

Width 73.7 in (1854 mm)

Height 200607: 71.2 in (1803 mm)

2008: 72.8 in (1,849 mm)

200910: 71.9 in (1,826 mm)

there was no right hand drive option available for order,

causing Ford to market Explorers in Japan in left hand

drive configuration. The LHD Explorers were desirable

there because LHD vehicles are considered prestigious in

Japan.

Moreover, Ford switched to a one-piece rear door due

to reports of cracks appearing on the plastic panel below

the rear window. Third generation Ford Explorers,

Mercury Mountaineers and Lincoln Aviators often acquire

a single crack visible vertically on the plastic panel

between the window and the rest of the lift gate, close to

the center respective badge.

The 210 hp (157 kW) 4.0L 12-valve SOHC V-6 was

once again the standard engine. A more powerful 292 hp

(218 kW) 4.6L 24-valve SOHC V-8, similar to the Fifth-

generation Ford Mustang's engine, was available as an

option. The 6-speed 6R automatic transmission, built by

Ford and based on a ZF design, was made standard

equipment with the V-8 engine as well. The five-speed

5R55W automatic transmission was advanced. It was the

only transmission available for the V-6 engine, because

the Mazda five-speed manual transmission was dropped

in the previous generation.

The 2006 Ford Explorer was nominated for theNorth

merican Truck of the Yearaward for 2006.

For 2008, Ford added side curtain airbags across the

Explorer range. Also, the optional satellite navigation system was also upgraded with voice control.[15]

For 2009, the Explorer received a trailer sway control system as standard equipment, and the navigation system

received traffic flow monitoring with updated gas prices from nearby stations.[16]

For the 2010 model year, Ford's MyKey became standard on all Explorer trims.


The second generation Sport Traccame out in early 2006 for the 2007 model year. Unlike its predecessor

sold through 2005, it featured the V-8 engine as an option and was based on this generation Explorer's

platform.AdvanceTracwithRoll Stability Controlwas made standard on the Sport Trac.

Sport Trac Adrenalin

For the 2007 model year, the Ford Special Vehicle Team built the Sport Trac Adrenalinconcept with a

supercharged version of the 4.6 LModularV-8, with 390 hp (291 kW), and featuring 21-inch (530 mm)

wheels. Ford SVT said then it was the successor to the F-150 Lightning sports pickup truck. However, the

Adrenalin was cancelled in a cost-cutting move as part of The Way Forward.[17]

Explorer America concept


10/23

Ford Explorer America concept

Fifth generation (U502)

Overview

resent

. (Chicago Assembly)

Valencia Assembly)

Russia[22]

Body and chassis

V

heel drive / all-wheel drive

Powertrain

bocharged I-4 (front-wheel drive only)

T V-6

in-turbocharged V-6 (Sport model, all-wheel drive only)

T V-6 (Police Interceptor Utility, all-wheel drive only)[1]

end.com/features/auto_news/2012/1205_ford_police_interceptor_utility_is_california_highway_patrols_next_cruiser/)

matic w/ overdrive (EcoBoost I-4 model)

ift automatic (3.5L)

ift automatic with paddle shifters (Sport model)[23]

Ford unveiled an Explorer Americaconcept vehicle at the 2008

North American International Auto Show.[18][19][20]The Explorer

America concept is built on a unibody platform to reduce weight and

improve driveability, migrating from the body-on-frame platform of

the fourth generation Explorer. It is designed for up to six passengers

while improving fuel economy by 20 to 30 percent relative to the

current V6 Explorer. The powertrain packages in the concept vehicle

include a two-liter four-cylinder turbocharged direct injectionEcoBoostgas engine with 275 hp (205 kW) and 280 ftlbf

(380 Nm) of torque, and a 3.5L V6 versionEcoBoostwith 340 hp

(254 kW) and up to 340 ftlbf (460 Nm) of torque.[21]

Fifth generation (2011)


11/23

Dimensions

[24]

The fifth generation 2011 Explorer takes cues from the Explorer America concept's construction, and includes a

unibody structure based on the D4 platform, a modified version of the D3 platform. [25][26]The new Explorer

features blacked-out A, B, and D-pillars to produce afloating roofeffect similar to Land Rovers floating roof

design used on its sport utility vehicles. Ford already uses this floating roof design on the Ford Flex. The

Explorer's C-pillar remains body colored. It also gets sculpted body work with stepped style headlamps similar

to the Flex, Edge, Escape, Expedition and F-150. In addition, the Explorer receives new stepped style tail

lamps. The grille will receive the corporate three-bar design with upper and lower perforated mesh work, similar

to that of the sixth-generation Taurus.

The Explorer's chief design engineer is Jim Holland, who was also a chief design engineer for Land Rover.Holland is responsible for the design of the previous generation Land Rover Range Rover (L322). Holland also

worked on the outgoing Ford Expedition (U324) during its initial development.[27]

The fifth generation 2011 Explorer, developed under the program code name,[28]made its debut online on July

26, 2010. Ford had set up a Ford Explorer Facebook page ahead of its debut.[29]Assembly of the fifth-

generation Explorer moved to Ford's Chicago Assembly plant, where it is built alongside the Ford Taurus and

Lincoln MKS. The Louisville plant, where the previous generation was built, was converted to produce cars

based on Ford's global C platform (potentially including the Ford Focus, Ford C-Max, and Ford Kuga).[30]

Like the Escape, the Explorer will continue to be marketed as an "SUV" rather than a "crossover SUV". It wenton sale in early 2011; pre-launch sales had by the end of November 2010 totaled around 15,000.[31]The EPA

rated fuel economy of 20/28 mpg city/highway for the four-cylinder EcoBoost engine option.

Features

Available features include intelligent access with push button start, remote engine start, power liftgate, power

adjustable pedals with memory, premium leather trimmed seating, heated and cooled front seats, dual headrest

DVD entertainment system, adaptive cruise control, active park assist, SIRIUS Travel Link, MyFord Touch,

Ford SYNC by Microsoft, Sony audio system with HD radio and Apple iTunes tagging, in-dash advancednavigation system, SoundScreen laminated acoustic and solar tinted windshield with rain-sensing wipers, 20-inch

polished V-spoke aluminium wheels, high intensity discharge (HID) headlamps and LED tail lamps.

Capability

The Explorer is available in either front-wheel drive or full-time all-wheel drive. At first only one engine was

available: the 290 hp (216 kW) (255 lbft (346 Nm) of torque) 3.5 liter TiVCT (Twin independent Variable

Camshaft Timing) V-6 attached to either the 6-speed 6F automatic or 6-speed 6F SelectShiftautomatic.

Soon thereafter, Ford offered the economical 240 hp (179 kW) (270 lbft (370 Nm) of torque) 2 literEcoBoostturbocharged, direct-injected I-4 mated to the 6-speed 6F automatic. The I-4 engine is not be

available with the optional 6-speed 6F SelectShift automatic, and will only be available in front-wheel

drive.[32][33]


12/23

The Explorer is available with an automatic intelligent all-wheel drive system inspired by Land Rover, featuring a

variable center multi-disc differential with computer controlled lock.[34]Conventional front and rear differentials

are used with 3.39:1 gearing. The center multi-disc differential controls the front-to-rear torque split, biasing as

much as 100 percent of torque to either the front or rear wheels. [35]Depending on the Terrain Management

mode selected, the center multi-disc differential's intelligent lock will allow for a 50:50 torque split in off road

conditions.[35]The power take off(PTO) unit includes a heavy-duty dedicated cooling system to allow the four-

wheel drive system to supply continuous non-stop torque delivery to all four wheels indefinitely, without

overheating.[36]A "4WD" badge is advertised on the rear liftgate on the all-wheel drive models. [37][38]

Explorers overall off road crawl ratio is 15.19:1 with high range - no low range - gearing only.

Off road electronics include Hill Descent Control (HDC), Hill Ascent Assist (HAA), four-wheel electronic

traction control and Terrain Management.

Four-wheel electronic traction control (ABS braking) is employed to simulate front and rear differential locks via

aggressively "brake locking" the front or rear differentials, transferring up to 100 percent of torque from side-to-

side.[34][36][39]In the right conditions, the Explorer can keep moving even if only one wheel has traction,

regardless of which wheel it is.

Terrain Management will include four selectable modes. Each mode can be selected via a rotary control dial on

the center console, aft of the transmission shifter.

Terrain Management System[40]

Default start selection: Normal Drivingmode

Subsequent modes are selected by turning the control dial clockwise.

Second selection: Mud & Rutsmode

Third selection: Sandmode

Fourth selection: Grass/Gravel/Snowmode

Depending on the mode selected, Terrain Management will control, adjust, and fine tune the engine,

transmission, center multi-disc differential lock, throttle response, four-wheel electronic traction control and

electronic stability control (ESC) to adapt the SUV for optimal performance on the corresponding terrain.

Off road geometry figures for approach, departure and ramp brakeover angles are 21, 21 and 16

respectively.[24]

Minimum running ground clearance is 7.6 inches (193 mm).[24]

Standard running groundclearance is 8.2 inches (208 mm).[41]Low hanging running boards are no longer offered from the factory to help

increase side obstacle clearance.

Unlike the Explorer America concept vehicle which only seats five occupants, the production Explorer will have

two rows of seating with availablePowerFoldfold flat third row seating (like the previous generation) and will

be able to accommodate up to seven occupants.[42]

Moving to a monocoque body usually has a negative impact on towing capacity. The new Explorer will be

available with an optional trailer tow package. The package includes a Class III trailer hitch, engine oil cooler,

trailer electrics connector, trailer sway control (TSC), wiring harness and a rear-view camera with traileralignment assistance to help in backing up to a trailer. If equipped with the trailer tow package the new 2011


13/23

Explorer will be able to tow up to 5,000 lb (2,300 kg) of braked trailer. Thats 1,500 lb (680 kg) greater than

the towing capacity stated for the Explorer America concept and 2,115 lb (959 kg) less than the outgoing

Explorers towing capacity, although that was only available with the 4.6 L V8 engine.[43][44]

Safety and security

Safety features include: Dual front adaptive SRS air bags, dual front seat side impact air bags, dual rear safety

belt air bags (available first quarter, 2011) and side curtain head, torso and rollover protection air bags. Othersafety features include BLIS blind spot information system with cross traffic alert, collision warning with brake

support precrash system, Roll Stability Control (RSC), Electronic stability control (ESC) and Curve Control.

The fifth-generation Explorer will be the first-ever vehicle to be equipped with inflatable dual rear safety belt air

bags. Air bags are sewn into the inside of the seat belts, and inflate with cold air to prevent burns. Ford claims it

will be released as an option and to introduce inflatable seat belts on other Ford models eventually.[45]

NHTSA

NHTSA Ford Explorer:[46]

Overall (2013-present)

Overall (2012)

Frontal Driver

Frontal Passenger (2013-present)

Frontal Passenger (2012)

Side Driver

Side Passenger

Side Pole Driver

Rollover FWD / 16.9%

Rollover AWD / 17.4%

Ford Explorer IIHS scores[47]

Moderate overlap frontal offset Good

Small overlap frontal offset Marginal*(2013present models)

Side impact Good

Roof strength Good

*vehicle structure rated "Poor"

Awards

The current generation Ford Explorer earned the 2011North American Truck of the Yearaward. The rearinflatable seat belts won the 2011 Best New Technology Award from the Automobile Journalists Association of

Canada.[48]


14/23

2013 Ford Explorer Sport

2013 Ford Explorer Sport

The Ford Explorer Sport was announced March 28, 2012 as an

option for the 2013 model year and went on sale in June 2012. The

"Sport" trim level comprises blackened exterior treatments, stiffened

chassis and suspension, larger brakes and the installation of the

EcoBoost 3.5L Twin Turbo V6 rated at 365 hp, and is the only

version to feature a combined 4WD/EcoBoost option (a FWDversion is not being offered for the Sport trim), allowing its MPG to

average between 16/city and 22/highway.[49]This version will be

slotted above the Limited trim and is expected to compete in this

segment against Jeep Grand Cherokee's SRT Sport and Dodge

Durango's R/T trims[50]and a newly updated 2013 Chevrolet

Traverse, the latter of which unveiled their new look on the same day as the Explorer Sport as their response to

Ford's news.[51]

Explorer Sport variation

The Ford Explorer Sportwas a 3-door version of the Ford Explorer, designed to take the place of the Bronco

II in Ford's model line, and was produced from 1991 to 2003. The Sport began as a trim level of the Ford

Explorer, but it eventually became its own model. It rode on a 10" shorter wheelbase. There was only one

Sport, but there were several other trim levels of the Explorer that were available with 2-doors (edmunds trim

levels) (http://www.edmunds.com/used/1991/ford/explorer/index.html), such as the XL (19911997), the Eddie

Bauer (19911994), and the Expedition (1995). In 1998 the Explorer Sport became the only 3-door trim level

of the Explorer, and in 2001 it became its own model, as the second generation Explorer moved on to a 5-

door-only 3rd generation. As mentioned above, the Explorer Sport returned as an upgraded 4-door trim for the2013 model year.

1st-gen Explorer 2-door

19982000 Explorer

Sport

20012003 Explorer

Sport

Mazda Navajo

The Mazda Navajois a rebadged version of the Ford Explorer and was the company's first sport-utility vehicle

in the United States (it was not sold by Mazda Canada). It was sold between the 1991 and 1994 model years.

At its launch, the Navajo was sold in a single configuration: a three-door body with four-wheel drive. As withthe Explorer, it was assembled at the Louisville Assembly Plant. The Navajo wasMotor Trendmagazine's

Truck of the Year for 1991. The Navajo was created and sold only in North America; it was not offered in

Japan.


15/23

1994 Mazda Navajo LX

A CHP Ford Police Interceptor Utility

Vehicle.

The Navajo and Explorer Sport largely differed in exterior trim, with unique taillights, grille, front bumper, and

wheels. Inside, the two were nearly impossible to distinguish from one another, except for minor changes to seat

fabrics, the typeface on the instrument cluster, and the Navajo was given a different design for its steering wheel

hub. Similar to the 3-door Explorer, the Navajo came in two trim levels: base (renamed DX for 1992) and LX.

In contrast to the Explorer, the base version of the Navajo offered power windows, power locks and power

mirrors as standard. The LX added features such as extra interior illumination and a leather-wrapped steering

wheel. An optional premium package loaded up the Navajo with

luxuries including air conditioning, a stereo system with cassette deck,cruise control, sport seats with power lumbar adjustment and a pop-

up/removable moonroof.

For 1992, the Navajo became available with rear-wheel drive,

geared towards buyers who liked the sporty image of an SUV, but

did not need four-wheel drive. Aside from the nomenclature change

of the base model to DX (to fit Mazda's naming scheme), the Navajo

changed so little that the company reused much of the photography

from its 1991 promotional materials for another year. For 1993, the

Navajo received mechanical upgrades alongside the Explorer, such as increased power for the V6 engine andfour-wheel anti-lock brakes. Unlike the Explorer, however, the only other change was an optional CD player.

For 1994, the LX model was given 5-spoke alloy wheels.

In comparison to the Explorer, sales of the Navajo were relatively poor and it was discontinued after the 1994

model year. While a five-door unibody design, the Mazda Tribute (based on the Ford Escape) is the next SUV

sold by the company in North America; it was produced from 2000 to 2011.

Ford Explorer Special Service Vehicle/Ford Police Interceptor

Utility fleet vehiclesTo compete with other police SUVs that are sold by other automobile

companies, Ford has made a special version of the Explorer that's

only available to law enforcement agencies, fire departments, and

EMS agencies. Ford calls it theExplorer Special Service Vehicle

(SSV). The only differences between the standard Explorer and the

Special Service Vehicle Explorer are provisions for emergency

services related equipment such as radios, lightbars and sirens. There

are also options designated fleet only such as custom 2 tone paint

arrangements that are available to the Explorer Special ServiceVehicle.

The current generation Ford Explorer is the base for the newly

developed Police Interceptor Utility, which the California Highway Patrol now uses because the current Ford

Taurus, Chevrolet Caprice and Dodge Charger patrol cars did not meet the payload the CHP requires.[2]

(http://www.motortrend.com/features/auto_news/2012/1205_ford_police_interceptor_utility_is_california_high

way_patrols_next_cruiser/) The PI Utility uses the larger displacement 3.7 liter Ford Cyclone V-6 used in the

Ford Mustang and Ford F-150 instead of the 3.5 liter engine. The PI Utility is available only in all-wheel drive

and takes advantage of larger disc brakes, more advanced ABS and traction control systems, a more efficient

cooling system and other standard police equipment. The PI Utility comes with a column-mounted shifter aswell, as the previous generation Explorers had, to allow more space available for equipment. In May 2014,

statisticians R.L. Polk declared the PI Utility the most popular police vehicle, based on 2013 U.S. sales


16/23

figures.[52]For 2014, the 365 hp EcoBoost V6 engine will be available for the Police Interceptor Utility. [3]

(http://corporate.ford.com/news-center/press-releases-detail/hot-selling-ford-police-interceptor-utility-vehicle-

now-offers-3)

Export sales

UK models

In the UK, the Ford Explorer was initially available as just one model, with the 4.0-litre engine and with a high

specification the only dealer options being leather interior. Second and third-generation Explorers for the UK

and other RHD markets utilised a center console-mounted shifter and hand parking brake instead of the steering

column-mounted shifter and parking brake pedal used in the North American models. In 1998, a facelifted

Explorer was available with minor cosmetic interior changes and a revised rear tail lift which centered the rear

number plate. In 1999 the model range was revamped slightly, the base model becoming the XLT and a special

edition North Face version marketed with a tie in to North Face outdoor clothing. The North Face version was

available in a dark green or a silver, with body-colored bumpers, heated leather seats and a CD multichanger as

standard. In 2000, the North Face was also available in black. With the introduction of the all-new platform in2002, Ford withdrew the Explorer from the UK market.

Middle East

In the Middle East, the 2012 Ford Explorer is currently available in several trims, all of which have a 3.5-liter

V6 engine and an automatic gearbox. Some GCC markets offer the front-wheel-drive version as a base model,

while most of the trims have standard all-wheel-drive.[53]

Current exports

As of 2009, American-made Explorer is exported to Bolivia, Canada, Mexico, Dominican Republic, China,

Japan, South Korea, Israel, The Philippines, Russia, Iceland, the Middle East, and certain countries in South

America and Africa.

As of 2014, The Explorer is available in ukraine.

Criticism and Controversies

Rollover and Firestone Tire controversy

Rollover risk is inherently higher than cars in many truck-based vehicles, as modification for bulky 4-wheel-drive

hardware requires increases in height to avoid compromising ground clearance (raising the center of gravity),

while a short wheelbase further reduces stability. The previous Bronco II had already been cited by Consumer

Reports for rollover tendencies in turns; as with the Explorer, however, it was cleared by the NHTSA as being

no more dangerous than any other truck when driven unsafely. With a longer passenger compartment, the

Explorer added 600 pounds, but Ford did not deem it necessary to revise the suspension or tires to carry the

bigger load. It used the same tires as the Ford Ranger with a relatively low rating for high temperatures.

Lowering tire pressure recommendations softened the ride further and improved emergency stability throughincreased traction, but increased the chances of overheating tires. A 1995 redesign with a new suspension

slightly raised the Explorer's center of gravity, but it was called inconsequential by a Ford spokesman. Memos

by Ford engineers suggested lowering the engine height, but it would have increased the cost of the new design.


17/23

In May 2000, the US National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) contacted Ford and Firestone

about a higher than normal incidence of tire failures on Ford Explorers, Mercury Mountaineers, and Mazda

Navajos fitted with Firestone tires (later including Ford Ranger and Mazda B-Series pickup trucks). The failures

all involved tread separation, in which the outer tread carcass would delaminate and cause a rapid loss of tire

pressure. Ford investigated and found that several models of 15 in (381 mm) Firestone tires (ATX,ATX II, and

Wilderness AT) had higher failure rates, especially those made at Firestone's Decatur, Illinois plant.

Ford recommended a tire inflation of only 26 pounds per square inch (179 kPa) likely contributing to the tread

separation problem by causing the tires to operate at higher than normal temperatures. However, Ford argued

that Firestone was at fault, noting that its SUVs and pickups equipped with Goodyear tires experienced no

rollover issues, even when inflated at low air pressure. Nevertheless, Ford subsequently recommended that front

and rear tires should be inflated to 30 pounds per square inch (207 kPa) on all Explorer models and mailed a

replacement tire pressure door sticker indicating the same to all registered owners.

Part of the rollover issue was poor driver reaction to the tire blowout.[54]When a tire blew, the vehicle would

experience a sudden sharp jerk, and many drivers reacted by counter-steering in an attempt to regain control.

This action would cause a shift of the vehicle's weight, resulting in a rollover especially at higher speeds (many

reports of rollovers were of vehicles being driven at speeds of 70 mph (110 km/h) and above). In a testsimulating dozens of tire blowouts, Larry Webster, a test-driver for Car & Drivermagazine, was repeatedly

able to bring a 1994 Explorer to a stop without a single rollover, even at speeds of 70 mph (110 km/h).[54][55]

According toForbesmagazine, car experts and NHTSA claim that the vast majority of crash accidents and

deaths are caused not by the vehicle, but by the driver, by road conditions or some combination of the two. [56]

In response to Firestone's allegations of the Explorer's design defects, NHTSA undertook a preliminary

investigation and reported that further action was not required. Its conclusion was that the Explorer was no more

prone to rollover than other SUVs given their high center of gravity.[57]The subsequent introduction and

proliferation of electronic stability control systems have essentially addressed and mitigated this shortcoming.

U-Haul trailers

On December 22, 2003, U-Haul, the largest American equipment rental company, announced it would prohibit

its outlets from renting trailers to persons planning to tow behind Ford Explorers due to liability concerns, with

no published data to substantiate the claim.[58]Unofficial reports from employees indicated that it was due to the

rear bumper separating from the vehicle, including the tow hook assembly. U-Haul did not alter its policies

regarding the renting of trailers to persons planning to tow behind the Mercury Mountaineer, Mazda Navajo or

earlier versions of the Lincoln Aviator, which are all mechanically identical to the Ford Explorer.

[58]

In mid-2013, U-Haul began allowing Ford Explorers of model year 2011 and newer to tow their trailers. All other

Ford Motor Company vehicles are allowed to tow U-Haul trailers.[59]

Sales


18/23

Calendar Year Total US sales

1990 140,509[60]

1991 282,837

1992 292,069

1993 301,668

1994 278,065

1995 395,227

1996 402,663

1997 383,852[61]

1998 431,488

1999[62] 428,772

2000 445,157

2001[63] 415,921

2002[64] 433,847

2003 373,118

2004[65] 339,333

2005 239,788

2006[66] 179,229

2007 137,817

2008[67] 78,439

2009[68] 52,190

2010[69] 60,687

2011[70] 135,179

2012[71]158,344

5,863 (Police Interceptor Utility)

2013178,311[72]

14,086 (Police Interceptor Utility)

See also


Mercury Mountaineer

Lincoln Aviator

Saleen XP6

Saleen XP8


19/23

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ecoboost-engine-above-v6/). Autoblog.com. Retrieved October 7, 2010.


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57. ^NHTSA Denies Firestone Request For Ford Explorer Investigation


22/23

Wikimedia Commons has

media related to Ford

Explorer.

External links

Ford Explorer official website

(http://www.fordvehicles.com/suvs/explorer/)

Ford Explorer America Concept SUV

(http://autoshows.ford.com/194/2008/01/13/sustainability-display-ford/) at Ford Auto Shows

Ford Explorer America Concept SUV(http://ford.digitalsnippets.com/environment/) On Ford and the

Environment SMPR

History of the 1st Ford Explorer (http://www.explorer4x4.com/1stexplorer.html)

Serious Explorations (http://www.explorerforum.com/) Ford Explorer Enthusiast Website

Vehicle Specs for the Ford Explorer models and variants (http://www.where-can-i-buy-a-car-

online.com/car-model-list?make=ford&model=Explorer&year=) from Where Can I Buy A Car Online

(http://www.dot.gov/affairs/nhtsa01102.htm)

58. ^ abMayne, Eric (January 14, 2004). "U-Haul rejects Explorers"

(http://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/retail/2004-01-08-uhaul-ford_x.htm). USA Today. Retrieved May

2, 2010.

59. ^"Frequently asked questions: Truck rentals" (http://www.uhaul.com/trucks/faq.aspx#equipment). U-Haul.


60.^

http://www.automobilemag.com/features/news/1007_ford_explorer_retrospective/viewall.html61. ^http://media.ford.com/article_print.cfm?article_id=872

62. ^"Ford Motor Company Sets New Full Year U.S. Sales Record"

(http://www.theautochannel.com/news/press/date/20010103/press033466.html). Theautochannel.com.


63. ^"Ford Motor Company's December U.S. Sales Climb 8.2 Percent"

(http://media.ford.com/pdf/Dec2002sales.pdf). Ford Motor Company.

64. ^"Ford's F-Series Truck Caps 22nd Year in a Row as America's Best-Selling Vehicle With a December Sales

Record" (http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2004/01/05/175829.html). Theautochannel.com. September

13, 2010. Retrieved October 7, 2010.

65. ^"Ford Achieves First Car Sales Increase Since 1999"

(http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2006/01/04/204860.html). Theautochannel.com. September 13, 2010.


66. ^http://media.ford.com/article_download.cfm?article_id=27379

67. ^"NEWS" (http://media.ford.com/images/10031/dec08sales.pdf) (PDF). Retrieved January 4, 2011.

68. ^http://media.ford.com/images/10031/December09sales.pdf

69. ^"FORDS 2010 SALES UP 19 PERCENT LARGEST INCREASE OF ANY FULL-LINE AUTOMAKER;

FOUNDATION SET FOR GROWTH IN 2011 | Ford Motor Company Newsroom"(http://media.ford.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=33704). Media.ford.com. January 4, 2011. Retrieved

January 6, 2012.

70. ^http://media.ford.com/images/10031/Dec11sales.pdf

71. ^ http://media.ford.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=37527

72. ^http://media.ford.com/content/dam/fordmedia/North%20America/US/2014/01/december13sales.pdf


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