asphalt - wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.pdf

8/17/2019 Asphalt - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.pdf

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Asphalt

Asphalt

bitumen

asphaltum

ásphaltos

asphalt bitumen

bitumen

Contents

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitch_drop_experimenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Refined_bitumen.JPGhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_distillationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crude_oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molasseshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distillationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Englishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Refined_bitumen.JPGhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roofing_felthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Refined_bitumen.JPGhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bituminous_waterproofinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Refined_bitumen.JPGhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction_aggregatehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphalt_concretehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Refined_bitumen.JPGhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_Seahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greekhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bitumen.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleumhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albertahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crude_oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_distillationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molasseshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Brea_Tar_Pitshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distillationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Englishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roofing_felthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bituminous_waterproofinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphalt_concretehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction_aggregatehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greekhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitch_(resin)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleumhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscosityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Englishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Englishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Englishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Englishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Englishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Englishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Englishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Englishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:En-us-asphalt.ogghttps://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/En-us-asphalt.ogghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Englishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscosityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitch_drop_experimenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:University_of_Queensland_Pitch_drop_experiment-white_bg.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Refined_bitumen.JPGhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_Seahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bitumen.jpg


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Composition

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturated_hydrocarbons


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Occurrence

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_refinerieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_materialhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_crude_oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_crude_oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_reserveshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_statehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albertahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_Seahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Brea_Tar_Pitshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum_seephttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bermudezhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitch_Lakehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerogenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diatomhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algaehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitch_Lakehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_sandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Brea_Tar_Pitshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarmachttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macadamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Town_gashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destructive_distillationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_tarhttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/maltenehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphaltenehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloidhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_disulfidehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadiumhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organosulfur_compoundhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterocyclic_compoundhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboxylic_acidhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenolshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_weighthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clermont-Ferrandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Puy_de_Poix,_gisement_bitumeux.JPG


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History

Ancient times

moom

Palus Asphaltites

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Romehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_Seahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mummyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embalmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egypthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiramishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babylonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphrateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babylonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodotushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caulkinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mortar_(masonry)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarhhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilizationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millenniumhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocky_Mountainshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_River_Formationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilsonitehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothermal_veinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tar_Sand_Triangle&action=edit&redlink=1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uinta_Basinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam-assisted_gravity_drainagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enhanced_oil_recoveryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_Lake_oil_sandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_River_oil_sandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_(geology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cretaceoushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McMurray_Formationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athabasca_oil_sands


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Judaicum bitumen

Early use in Europe

Observations pissasphalto

Mechanics Magazine

Photography and art

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoresisthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pewterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/View_from_the_Window_at_Le_Grashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Nic%C3%A9phore_Ni%C3%A9pcehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Place_de_la_Concordehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puy-de-D%C3%B4mehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas-Rhinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_Revolutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venicehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubrovnikhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitch_(resin)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observations_(Pierre_Belon)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Belonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_of_Constantinoplehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projectile_pointhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deitieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scabbardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraction_(chemistry)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabateanshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seleucidhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenic%C3%ABhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasbeyahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dioscorides


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Early use in the United Kingdom

Polygraphice

Claridge's Patent Asphalte Company

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isambard_Kingdom_Brunelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc_Isambard_Brunelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vauxhallhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Walter_Simmshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captain_R._T._Claridgehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastic_(plant_resin)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raft_of_the_Medusahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_G%C3%A9ricaulthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix


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Clarmac Clarphalte

Clarmac

Early use in the US

Early use in Canada

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitumounthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberta_Research_Councilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Clark_(chemist)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmonton,_Albertahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray,_Albertahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Mackenzie_(explorer)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudson%E2%80%99s_Bay_Companyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Kelseyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athabasca_Riverhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Nationshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athabasca_oil_sandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ritchie_County,_West_Virginiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rattle_(percussion_instrument)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chumash_peoplehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luise%C3%B1o_peoplehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongva_peoplehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_World_Warhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macadam#Tar-bound_macadam


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Modern use

Rolled asphalt concrete

Mastic asphalt

Asphalt emulsion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chipsealhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anionichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cationichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emulsionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binder_(material)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphalt_concretehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastic_asphalthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Highway_Administrationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavement_millinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphalt_concrete#Mixture_formulationshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphalt_concretehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provincial_historic_sites_of_Albertahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_surfacehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Road_repaving.jpg


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Synthetic crude oil

Non-upgraded crude bitumen

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubai_Crudehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum_industry_in_Mexicohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Canadian_Selecthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synbithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilbithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural-gas_condensatehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midwesthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_coasthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_pipelinehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_crude_oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redwater,_Albertahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotford_Upgraderhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_Natural_Resourceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syncrude_Canadahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray,_Albertahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suncor_Energyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_refinerieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_pipelinehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light_crude_oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upgraderhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Albertahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Clark_(chemist)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dump_truckshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_shovel


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Other uses

Production

From oil sands

in

itu

Alternatives and bioasphalt

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_oil_market_chronology_from_2003https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In-situ#Petroleumhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_mininghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athabasca_oil_sandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_reserveshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_sandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Release_agenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dump_truckhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerosenehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supercritical_fluidhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butanehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propanehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De-asphalting_unithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_fuelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naphthahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiling_pointhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacquerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan_blackhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphalt_shinglehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Asphalt_plant_pic.jpg


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Natural bitumen

Occupational safety

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Agency_for_Research_on_Cancerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recommended_exposure_limithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Institute_for_Occupational_Safety_and_Healthhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life-cycle_assessmenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Coquandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albaniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenicehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_parking_lotshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_heat_islandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_distillationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starchhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molasses


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Etymology

asphalt asphalte

asphalton asphaltum ásphaltos ásphalton

sfallō asphalte

asphalte

jatu

atu-krit

gwitu-men

ixtumens bitumen

cwidu

Kitt kvada

Modern usage

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberta,_Canadahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tar_sandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_crudehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upgraderhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilbithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naphthahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roof_shinglehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_refineryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crude_oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_Englishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Englishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphalt_concretehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Englishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarmachttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Englishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_tarshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodotushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitch_(resin)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latinisation_(literature)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Late_Latinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Asfaltna_baza_Ivanovec.1.jpg


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See also

Notes

The Building News and Engineering Journal Clarmac

References

Merriam-Webster

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Dictionary Reference

The Free Dictionary

Oxford Dictionaries

Asphalts and Allied Substances: Their Occurrence, Modes of Production, Uses in

the Arts, and Methods of Testing

Oil Sands Royalty Guidelines

Marketing Challenges for Canadian Bitumen

Statistical

Reports (ST)

http://www.aer.ca/documents/sts/ST98/ST98-2015.pdfhttp://www.oildrop.org/Info/Centre/Lib/7thConf/19980101.pdfhttp://www.energy.gov.ab.ca/OilSands/1106.asphttps://web.archive.org/web/20071101112113/http://www.energy.gov.ab.ca/OilSands/1106.asphttp://www.qrpoil.com/site/?bitumenhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2F14356007.a03_169.pub2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifierhttps://archive.org/details/asphaltsandallie031010mbphttp://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/bitumenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_Dictionarieshttp://www.thefreedictionary.com/bitumenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TheFreeDictionary.comhttp://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bitumenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictionary.comhttp://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/asphalthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_Advanced_Learner%27s_Dictionaryhttp://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/asphalthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merriam-Websterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pengehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westcliff-on-Seahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coventryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birminghamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beckenhamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooper_Research_Technologyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamped_asphalthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sealcoathttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitch_(resin)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_sandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bituminous_rockshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bituminous_coalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitumen-based_fuelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphaltenehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioasphalthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Grooving_%26_Grinding_Associationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Edward_J._de_Smedt&action=edit&redlink=1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macadamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarmachttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duxithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blacktophttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alveodren&action=edit&redlink=1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphalt_plant


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thesis submitted to Department of

Applied Chemistry; University of Karachi

Fuel 58

Science 308

Gilsonite Veins of the Uinta Basin, Utah

Meteoritics 18

Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences 15

Asphalts And Allied Substances

The Mummy Congress: Science, Obsession, and the Everlasting Dead

De Materia Medica or (Greek/Latin)

Organic Geochemistry 35

AAPG Bulletin 62

The Mechanic's magazine, museum,

register, journal and gazette 29

in Australian Building: A Cultural Investigation

Studies in Early Petroleum History

The Wall Street Journal

Polygraphice; Or, The Arts of Drawing, Engraving, Etching, Limning, Painting,

Washing, Varnishing, Gilding, Colouring, Dying, Beautifying and Perfuming

Polygraphice; Or, The Arts of Drawing, Engraving, Etching, Limning, Painting,

Washing, Varnishing, Gilding, Colouring, Dying, Beautifying and Perfuming

https://archive.org/stream/polygraphiceorar00salm#page/76/mode/2uphttps://books.google.com/books?id=h_sC9X95PT0C&printsec=frontcover&dq=Polygraphice#v=snippet&q=%22arts%20of%20drawing%22&f=falsehttp://shipbrook.com/jeff/bookshelf/download.html?bookid=22https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journalhttp://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052970204119704574236393080650258http://www.hrc.utexas.edu/exhibitions/permanent/wfp/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machinehttps://web.archive.org/web/20070803222723/http://www.niepce.org/pagus/pagus-inv.htmlhttp://www.niepce.org/pagus/pagus-inv.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leidenhttps://books.google.com/books?id=eckUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA24&dq=asphalt+claridge#v=onepage&q=asphalt%20claridge&f=falsehttp://www.mileslewis.net/australian-building/pdf/climatic-design/climatic-design-damp-proofing.pdfhttps://books.google.com/books?id=ygoAAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA479&lpg=PA479&dq=1838+september+%22mechanic%27s+magazine%22#v=onepage&q=asphaltum%20museum&f=falsehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783864034329https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_Wienerhttp://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=18502https://dx.doi.org/10.1306%2Fc1ea4e5f-16c9-11d7-8645000102c1865dhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifierhttp://payperview.datapages.com/data/open/offer.do?target=%2Fbulletns%2F1977-79%2Fdata%2Fpg%2F0062%2F0005%2F0800%2F0837.htmhttps://www.worldcat.org/issn/0146-6380https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Numberhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.orggeochem.2004.01.015https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifierhttps://books.google.com/books/download/Pedanii_Dioscoridis_____de_materia_medic.pdf?id=JwAUAAAAQAAJ&output=pdfhttp://www.therenaissanceman.org/images/DIOSCORIDES-Intro_Book_1.dochttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7607-7151-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://archive.org/stream/asphaltsandallie031010mbp/asphaltsandallie031010mbp_djvu.txthttp://history.alberta.ca/oilsands/resources/docs/facts_sheets09.pdfhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1111081https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifierhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2F0016-2361%2879%2990116-9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifierhttp://eprints.hec.gov.pk/1171/1/891.html.htm


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Journal of the Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania and Mechanics' Register

Notes and Queries: A medium of intercommunication

for Literary Men, General Readers, etc. Ninth series.

9th S. xi. 30

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society XXVI

The Surveyor and municipal and

county engineer 122

Confessions of a Violinist: Realities and Romance

The London Gazette

'Northern Millwall: Tooke Town',

Survey of London: volumes 43 and 44: Poplar, Blackwall and Isle of Dogs

The Mechanic's magazine, museum, register, journal and gazette 29

The Civil Engineer and

Architects Journal

The Mechanic's

magazine, museum, register, journal and gazette 29

Modern Baths and Bath Houses

Concrete and Constructional

Engineering IX

The Law Reports: Chancery Division

The Building News and Engineering Journal

The

Building News and Engineering Journal 109

The Law Reports: Chancery Division Vol. 1

The London Gazette

http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/29340/pages/10568https://books.google.com/books?id=2AQxAAAAIAAJ&q=%22debentures+with+the+clarmac%22&dq=%22debentures+with+the+clarmac%22&hl=en&ei=pbgaTKv9N8WecZaimJ4K&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAAhttps://books.google.com/books?id=2AQxAAAAIAAJ&q=%22war,+and+the+Claridge+%22&dq=%22war,+and+the+Claridge+%22&hl=en&ei=q7UaTOjQFcyVcezpwI8K&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAQhttps://archive.org/stream/buildingnewseng109londuoft#page/n14/mode/1uphttps://archive.org/stream/buildingnewseng109londuoft#page/n13/mode/1up/search/clarmachttps://books.google.com/books?id=2AQxAAAAIAAJ&q=clarmac&dq=clarmachttps://archive.org/stream/concreteconstruc09lond#page/760/mode/1uphttps://archive.org/stream/modernbathsandb00unkngoog#page/n11/mode/1uphttps://books.google.com/books?id=ygoAAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA479&lpg=PA479&dq=1838+september+%22mechanic%27s+magazine%22#v=onepage&q=bastenne&f=falsehttps://books.google.com/books?id=sQ5AAAAAYAAJ&pghttps://archive.org/details/civilengineerarc01londhttps://books.google.com/books?id=ygoAAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA479&lpg=PA479&dq=1838+september+%22mechanic%27s+magazine%22#v=onepage&q=claridge&f=falsehttp://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=46514&strquery=Claridgehttp://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/21185/pages/489https://archive.org/details/confessionsofvio00phiprichhttps://books.google.com/books?cd=10&id=j77mAAAAMAAJ&q=claridge+1857https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monthly_Notices_of_the_Royal_Astronomical_Societyhttps://books.google.com/books?id=3wsAAAAAMAAJhttps://archive.org/stream/s9notesqueries12londuoft#page/18/mode/2up/search/claridgehttps://books.google.com/books?id=W8oGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA414&lpg=PA414&dq=%22richard+tappin+claridge%22#v=onepage&q=%22richard%20tappin%20claridge%22&f=false


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The Law Times Reports

Vol.125 The London Gazette

'Cubitt Town: Riverside area: from

Newcastle Drawdock to Cubitt Town Pier', Survey of London: volumes 43 and 44: Poplar, Blackwall and Isle

of Dogs

Paving the Way: Asphalt in America

The Asphalt Paving Industry: A Global Perspective, 2nd Edition

Asphalt Technology E-News 26

Annual Asphalt Pavement Industry Survey on Recycled Materials and Warm-

Mix Asphalt Usage: 2009–2013

International Journal of Pavement Engineering 11

Six Thousand Years of Asphalt

The 1st Albanian Congress on Roads

www.cdc.gov

Bitumens and Bitumen Emissions, and Some N- and S-Heterocyclic Polycyclic Aromatic

Hydrocarbons 103

Annals of Occupational Hygiene 56

A Greek-English Lexicon

http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29%2Fsfaltoshttps://www.worldcat.org/issn/0003-4878https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Numberhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1093%2Fannhyg%2Fmer107https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifierhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-92-832-1326-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Agency_for_Research_on_Cancerhttp://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol103/http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0042.htmlhttp://www.selenicebitumi.com/engindex.phphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-908408-3-8https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://www.epa.gov/heatisland/https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1029-8436https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Numberhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1080%2F10298436.2010.488729https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifierhttp://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10298436.2010.488729http://www.capp.ca/default.asp?V_DOC_ID=1220https://web.archive.org/web/20071221151828/http://www.qrpoil.com/site/?bitumenhttp://www.energy.gov.ab.ca/OilSands/793.asphttp://www.nwrpartnership.com/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_Association_of_Petroleum_Producershttp://www.capp.ca/publications-and-statistics/publications/264673https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Energy_Boardhttps://www.neb-one.gc.ca/nrg/sttstc/crdlndptrlmprdct/index-eng.htmlhttp://www.asphaltpavement.org/recyclinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Highway_Administrationhttps://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics/2012/hm12.cfmhttp://www.eng.auburn.edu/research/centers/ncat/info-pubs/newsletters/fall-2014/recycledcontents.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-914313-06-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://www.asphaltpavement.org/images/stories/GL_101_Edition_3.pdfhttp://www.history.alberta.ca/energyheritage/bitumount/default.aspxhttp://www.canadianpetroleumhalloffame.ca/robert-fitzsimmons.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-914313-04-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://store.hotmix.org/index.php?productID=144http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=46529&strquery=claridgehttp://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/30384/pages/11863https://books.google.com/books?id=TiYyAAAAIAAJ&q=%22funds+in+the+new+company%22&dq=%22funds+in+the+new+company%22&hl=en&ei=9dMbTKWTB4yxcbH2-PMM&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAAhttps://books.google.com/books?id=TiYyAAAAIAAJ&q=claridge+%22compulsorily+wound+up%22&dq=claridge+%22compulsorily+wound+up%22&hl=en&ei=F9EbTIfvIMTJcdqF-bAK&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA


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Bitumen

Asphalt

asphalt

Encyclopædia

Britannica Asphalt

A

Greek-English Lexicon

The Histories

www.polymetaal.nl

Sources

Asphalt: Science and Technology Studies in Ancient Technology The Ways of the World: A History of the World's Roads and of theVehicles that Used Them

External links

New International Encyclopedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:IARC_Group_2B_carcinogenshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Chemical_mixtureshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Amorphous_solidshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Asphalthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Categoryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asphalt&oldid=704187294http://www.qrpoil.com/site/?bitumenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_International_Encyclopediahttps://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_International_Encyclop%C3%A6dia/Bitumenhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/asphalt/http://ecs.csus.edu/~gordonvs/asphalt/asphalt.htmlhttp://www.asphaltmagazine.com/http://pavementinteractive.org/index.php?title=Asphalthttp://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0612.htmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8135-2691-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://books.google.com/books?id=flvS-nJga8QC&printsec=frontcover&dq=%22Ways+of+the+World%22#v=onepage&q&f=falsehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-00621-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://books.google.com/books?id=gLQnmxGjpjIC&pg=PA5&dq=chapter+introduction+%22petroleum+family%22#v=onepage&q=chapter%20introduction%20%22petroleum%20family%22&f=falsehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0677000405http://www.polymetaal.nl/beguin/mapb/bitumen.htmhttp://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hdt.+1.179.4&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dsfa%2Fllwhttps://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Asphalthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Editionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikisourcehttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/asphalthttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Asphalthttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bitumen


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https://www.wikimediafoundation.org/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Privacy_policyhttps://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Terms_of_Usehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_3.0_Unported_Licensehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Road_construction_materialshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Petroleum_productshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Petroleumhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Pavements

asphalt - wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.pdf

Documents