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Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste

Repblica Democrtica de Timor-Leste

(Portuguese)Repblika Demokrtika Timr-Leste[1]

(Tetum)

Flag Coat of arms

Motto: "Unidade,Aco, Progresso" (Portuguese)("Unity,Action, Progress")

Anthem:Ptria

Capitaland largest city

Dili834S 12534E

Official languages Portugueseand Tetum1

Working languages Indonesian and English[2]

Demonym East Timorese

Government Unitary parliamentarydemocraticrepublic

- President Taur Matan Ruak - Prime Minister Xanana Gusmo

Legislature National Parliament

Independence from Portugal, Indonesia

- Established 1702

- Declared November 28, 1975

- Restored May 20, 2002

Area

- Total 14,874 km2(159th)

5,743 sq mi- Water (%) negligible

Population

- 2010 estimate 1,066,582[3](155th)

- Density 76.2/km2(132nd)

East TimorFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

East Timor( i/ isttimr/) or Timor-Leste

(/timr lte/), officially the Democratic Republic of

Timor-Leste, isa country in Southeast Asia.[6]It

comprises the easternhalf of the island of Timor, thenearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecusse, an

exclave on the northwestern side of the island, within

Indonesian West Timor. The country's size is about

15,410 km (5,400 sq mi).[7]

East Timor was colonised by Portugal in the 16th century,

and was known as Portuguese Timor until Portugal's

decolonisation of the country. In late 1975, East Timor

declared its independence, butlater that year was invaded

and occupied by Indonesia and was declaredIndonesia's27th province the following year. In 1999, following the

United Nations-sponsored act of self-determination,

Indonesia relinquished control of the territory and East

Timor became the first new sovereign state of the 21st

century on May 20, 2002. East Timor is one of only two

predominantly Roman Catholic countries in East Asia, the

other being the Philippines.

East Timor has a lower-middle-income economy.[8]It

continues to suffer the aftereffects of a decades-longindependence struggle against Indonesia, which damaged

infrastructure and displaced thousands of civilians. It is

placed 147th by Human Development Index (HDI).

Nonetheless it is expected tohave the sixth largest GDP

growth in the world for 2013.[9]

It is a memberof the United Nations and the Community

of Portuguese LanguageCountries.

Contents

1 Etymology

2 History

3 Geography

4 Politics

4.1 Administrative divisions

4.2 Foreign Relations

5 Economy

6 Demographics

6.1 Religion

6.2 Languages
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Portuguese Timor

Arms (1935

1975)[15]

Demonstration for independence from

Indonesia

and exploitative.[18]

At the beginning of the twentieth century, a faltering home economy prompted the

Portuguese to extract greater wealth from its colonies, which was met with Timorese

resistance.[18]During World War II, the Japanese occupied Dili, and the mountainous

interior became the scene of a guerrilla campaign, known as the Battle of Timor.

Waged by Allied forces and Timorese volunteers against the Japanese, the struggle

resulted in the deaths of between 40,000 and 70,000 Timorese.[19]

Following the endof the war, Portuguese control was reinstated.

The decolonisation process instigated by the 1974 Portuguese revolution saw Portugal

effectively abandon the colony of East Timor. A civil war between supporters of East

Timorese political parties, the Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor

(Fretilin) and the Timorese Democratic Union (UDT), broke out in 1975 as the UDT attempted a coup which

Fretilin resisted with the help of local Portuguese military.[20]Independence was unilaterally declared on

November 28, 1975. The Indonesian government was fearful of an independent communist state within the

Indonesian archipelago, and at the height of the Cold War, Western governments were supportive of

Indonesia's position. The Indonesian military launched a full-scale invasion of East Timor in December 1975.Indonesia declared East Timor as its 27th province on July 17, 1976. [21]The UN Security Council opposed the

invasion and the territory's nominal status in the UN remained "non-self-governing territory under Portuguese

administration."

Indonesia's occupation of East Timor was marked by violence and

brutality. A detailed statistical report prepared for the Commission for

Reception, Truth and Reconciliation in East Timor cited a minimum

bound of 102,800 conflict-related deaths in the period 19741999,

namely, approximately 18,600 killings and 84,200 "excess" deaths

from hunger and illness.[22]The East Timorese guerrilla force, Falintil,fought a campaign against the Indonesian forces from 19751999.

The 1991 Dili Massacre was a turning point for the independence

cause internationally, and an East Timor solidarity movement grew in

Portugal, Australia, and the United States.

Following the resignation of Indonesian President Suharto, a UN-

sponsored agreement between Indonesia and Portugal allowed for UN-supervised popular referendum in

August 1999. The resulting clear vote for independence was met with a punitive campaign of violence by

Timorese pro-integration militia with the support of elements of the Indonesian military. An Australian-led

international peacekeeping force, International Force for East Timor (INTERFET), was sent (with Indonesian

permission) until order was restored. The administration of East Timor was taken over by the UN through the

United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET) in October 1999. [23]The INTERFET

deployment ended in February 2000 with the transfer of military command to the UN.[24]East Timorese

independence was formalised on May 20, 2002 with Xanana Gusmo sworn in as the country's first President.

East Timor became a member of the UN on September 27, 2002.

The following year, Gusmo declined another presidential term and in the build-up to the April 2007 presidential

elections there were renewed outbreaks of violence. Jos Ramos-Horta was elected President in the May 2007

election.[25]

Ramos-Horta was critically injured in an attempted assassination in February 2008. Prime MinisterGusmo also faced gunfire separately but escaped unharmed. Australian reinforcements were immediately sent

to help keep order.[26]

In 2006, the United Nations sent in security forces to restore order when unrest and factional fighting forced 15
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Map of Timor showing cities and

main roads.

Government Palace in Dili.

percent of the population (155,000 people) to flee their homes. In March 2011, the UN handed-off operational

control of the police force to the East Timor authorities, but more than 1,200 UN police officers still patrol on

the street. After the 2012 presidential election, the missions are scheduled to end.[27]

Geography

Main article: Geography of East Timor

Located in Southeast Asia,[28]the island of Timor is part of the

Maritime Southeast Asia, and is the largest and easternmost of the

Lesser Sunda Islands. To the north of the island are the Ombai Strait,

Wetar Strait and the greater Banda Sea. The Timor Sea separates the

island from Australia to the south, and the Indonesian Province of

East Nusa Tenggara lies to East Timors west.

Much of the country is mountainous, and its highest is Tatamailau

(also known as Mount Ramelau) at 2,963 meters (9,721 ft).The

climate is tropical and generally hot and humid. It is characterised by

distinct rainy and dry seasons. The capital, largest city and main port

is Dili, and the second-largest city is the eastern town of Baucau. East

Timor lies between latitudes 8 and 10S, and longitudes 124 and

128E.

The easternmost area of East Timor consists of the Paitchau Range and the Iralalaro (de) area, which contains

the countys first conservation area, the Nino Konis Santana National Park.[citation needed]It contains the last

remaining tropical dry forested area within the country. It hosts a number of unique plant and animal species and

is sparsely populated.

[29]

The northern coast is characterised by a number of coral reef systems that have beendetermined to be at risk.[30]

Politics

Main article: Politics of East Timor

The head of state of East Timor is the President of East Timor, who is

elected by popular vote for a five-year term. Although the role is

largely symbolic, the president does have veto power over certain

types of legislation. Following elections, the president appoints the

leader of the majority party or majority coalition as the Prime Minister

of East Timor. As head of government, the prime minister presides

over the Council of State or cabinet.

The unicameral Timorese parliament is the National Parliament or

Parlamento Nacional, whose members are elected by popular vote

to a five-year term. The number of seats can vary from a minimum of

fifty-two to a maximum of sixty-five, though it exceptionally has eighty-eight members at present, due to this

being its first term of office. The East Timorese constitution was modelled on that of Portugal. The country is still

in the process of building its administration and governmental institutions.

Government departments include the Policia Nacional de Timor-Leste (police), East Timor Ministry for State

and Internal Administration, Civil Aviation Division of Timor Leste and Immigration Department of Timor Leste.
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Coffee production in the subdistrictsof East Timor

Administrative divisions

Main articles: Districts of East Timor, Subdistricts of East Timor, and Sucos of East Timor

East Timor is divided into thirteen administrative districts. The districts are subdivided into 65 subdistricts, 442

sucos (villages) and 2,225 aldeias (hamlets).[31]

A clickable map of East Timor exhibiting its 13 administrative districts.

Foreign Relations

East Timor first sought membership in Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in 2007, and a formal

application was submitted in March 2011.[32]Indonesia supports East Timor's bid to join ASEAN.

Economy

Main article: Economy of East Timor

East Timor has a market economy that is dependent upon exports of

a few commodities such as coffee, marble, oil and sandalwood.[33]

In late 1999, much of East Timors civil infrastructure of was

destroyed by departing Indonesian troops and anti-independence

militias, and 260,000 people fled into West Timor.[citation needed]An

international program led by the UN, manned by civilian advisers,

5,000 peacekeepers (8,000 at peak) and 1,300 police officers,

substantially reconstructed the infrastructure.[citation needed]By mid-

2002, all but about 50,000 of the refugees had

returned.[citation needed]
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Subdistricts suffering from hunger in

November 2007

A Timorese in traditional

dress

The Portuguese colonial administration granted concessions to Oceanic Exploration Corporation to develop

petroleum and natural gas deposits in the waters southeast of Timor. However, this was curtailed by the

Indonesian invasion in 1976.[citation needed]The resources were divided between Indonesia and Australia with

the Timor Gap Treaty in 1989.[34]East Timor inherited no permanent maritime boundaries when it attained

independence.[citation needed]repudiating the Timor Gap Treaty as illegal. A provisional agreement (the Timor

Sea Treaty, signed when East Timor became independent on May 20, 2002) defined a Joint Petroleum

Development Area (JPDA), and awarded 90% of revenues from existing projects in that area to East Timor and

10% to Australia.[35]A 2005 agreement between the governments of East Timor and Australia mandated thatboth countries put aside their dispute over maritime boundaries, and that East Timor would receive 50% of the

revenues from the resource exploitation in the area (estimated at A$26 billion or about US$20 billion over the

lifetime of the project)[36]from the Greater Sunrise development.[37]

In 2007, a bad harvest led to deaths in several parts of East Timor. In

November 2007, eleven subdistricts still needed food supplied by

international aid.[38]

There are no patent laws in East Timor.[39]

Demographics

Main article: Demographics of

East Timor

The population of East Timor is about 1,143,667.[6]The population is

especially concentrated in the area around Dili.[citation needed]

The Timorese are called Maubere collectively by some of their politicalorganisations, an originally derogatory name turned into a name of pride by

Fretilin.[citation needed]They consist of a number of distinct ethnic groups,

most of whom are of mixed Malayo-Polynesian and Melanesian/Papuan

descent.[citation needed]The largest Malayo-Polynesian ethnic groups are the

Tetum[40](100,000), primarily in the north coast and around Dili; the

Mambae (80,000), in the central mountains; the Tukudede (63,170), in the

area around Maubara and Liqui; the Galoli (50,000), between the tribes of

Mambae and Makasae; the Kemak (50,000) in north-central Timor island;

and the Baikeno (20,000), in the area around Pante Macassar.[citation needed]

The main tribes of predominantly Papuan origin include the Bunak (50,000), in the central interior of Timor

island; the Fataluku (30,000), at the eastern tip of the island near Lospalos; and the Makasae, toward the

eastern end of the island.[citation needed]As a result of interracial marriage during was common the Portuguese

era, there is a population of people of mixed Timorese and Portuguese origin, known in Portuguese as mestios.

There is a small Chinese minority, most of whom are Hakka. Most Chinese left after the Indonesian invasion,

with most moving to Australia, although some have returned.[citation needed]

Religion

Main article: Religion in East Timor

Upon independence, East Timor became one of only two predominantly Roman Catholic countries in Asia

(along with the Philippines), although nearby parts of eastern Indonesia also have Catholic majorities, including
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_East_Timorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakka_people#In_East_Timorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overseas_Chinesehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesti%C3%A7ohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interracial_marriagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makasaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lospaloshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatalukuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunakhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pante_Macassarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baikenohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemak_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makasaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mambaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galolihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liqui%C3%A7%C3%A1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maubarahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tukudedehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mambaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-40http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papuan_peopleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austronesian_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fretilinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-cia-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_East_Timorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-39http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-38http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-37http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-36http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Dollarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-35http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Sea_Treatyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Gap_Treatyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oceanic_Exploration_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Man_in_traditional_dress,_East_Timor.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Timor_hunger_2007.png


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Balide (de) church, Dili

Biggest language groups in sucos of

East Timor.

West Timor and Flores. The population predominantly identifies as Roman Catholic (97%), though local animist

traditions have a persistent and strong influence on the culture.[citation needed]The number of churches has

grown from 100 in 1974 to over 800 in 1994.[41]Religious minorities

include Muslims (1%)[citation needed]and Protestants

(1%).[citation needed]Smaller Hindu (0.5%), Buddhist (0.1%) and

traditional animist minorities make up the remainder.[42][43][44]Church

membership grew considerably under Indonesian rule, as Indonesia's

state ideologyPancasiladoes not recognise traditional beliefs andrequires all citizens to believe in God.[citation needed]As a deep-

rooted local institution, the Church symbolised East Timor's distinction

from the predominantly Muslim Indonesia and it played a significant

role in the resistance movement.[citation needed]The constitution

acknowledges the Church's role among the East Timorese people and

stipulates a secular state that guarantees freedom of religion to

everyone.[citation needed]

Languages

Main article: Languages of East Timor

East Timor's two official languages are Portuguese and Tetum. Tetum

belongs to the Austronesian family of languages spoken throughout

Southeast Asia.[45]The predominant form of Tetum, known as

Tetun-Dili, grew out of the dialect favoured by the colonisers at Dili

and, thus, has considerable Portuguese influence. Other dialects of

Tetum are also widely used in the country, including Tetun-Terik

which is spoken along the southwestern coast. Indonesian and Englishare defined as working languages under the Constitution in the Final

and Transitional Provisions, without setting a final date. Another 15

indigenous languages are spoken: Bekais (de), Bunak, Dawan,

Fataluku, Galoli, Habun (de), Idalaka, Kawaimina, Kemak, Lovaia,

Makalero, Makasai, Mambai, Tokodede, and

Wetarese.[citation needed]

Under Indonesian rule, the use of Portuguese was banned, but it was used by the clandestine resistance,

especially in communicating with the outside world.[citation needed]The language, along with Tetum, gained

importance as a symbol of resistance and freedom.[citation needed]It was adopted as one of the two official

languages for this reason and as a link to nations in other parts of the world. It is now being taught and promoted

with the help of Brazil, Portugal, and the Latin Union.[citation needed]

According to East Timor's 2010 census, along with other local languages, Tetum is the most common means of

communication between ordinary Timorese: Almost 90% of Timorese use Tetum in their daily life, while

Indonesian is still widely used in the media and school from high school to university by an estimated

35%.[citation needed]It is estimated that English is understood by 31.4% of the population. 23.5% speak, read

and write Portuguese, which is up significantly from less than 5% in the 2006 UN Development Report.[46][47]

A large proportion of words in Tetum are derived from Portuguese, and it also shares many Malay-derivedwords with Indonesian. Many Indonesian words are still in common use in Tetum and other Timorese languages,

particularly numbers.[citation needed]

East Timor is a member of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries, also known as the Lusophone
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lusophonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countrieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-47http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetaresehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokodedehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mambaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makasaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makalerohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lovaiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemak_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawaiminahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idalakahttp://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Habun&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galoli_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatalukuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atonihttp://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bekaishttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bekais&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austronesian_languageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_East_Timorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancasila_Indonesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-44http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-43http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-42http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-robinson-41http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floreshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Timorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sprachen_Osttimors-en.pnghttp://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Balide&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Balide_church.jpg


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Portuguese School of Dli.

Commonwealth, and a member of the Latin Union.[citation needed]

Education

About half the adult population are illiterate.[48]Illiteracy is higher

among women.[49]Illiteracy was at 90% at the end of Portuguese

rule.[citation needed]In 2006, 10%30% of primary-school age

children did not attend school.[49]

The country has the National University of East Timor. Indonesian

plays a considerable role in education.[citation needed]Since the

departure of the Portuguese, schools have increased from 50 to more

than 800. There are also four colleges.[41]

Health

Life expectancy at birth was at 60.7 in 2007.[48]The fertility rate is at six births per woman.[48]Healthy lifeexpectancy at birth was at 55 years in 2007.[48]Government expenditure on health was at US$150 (PPP) per

person in 2006.[48]Many people in East Timor lack safe drinking water.[49]There were two hospitals and 14

village healthcare facilities in 1974. By 1994 there were 11 hospitals and 330 healthcare centres. [41]

The 2010 maternal mortality rate per 100,000 births for Timor-Leste is 370. This is compared with 928.6 in

2008 and 1016.3 in 1990. The under 5 mortality rate, per 1,000 births is 60 and the neonatal mortality as a

percentage of under 5's mortality is 48.[50]In Timor-Leste the number of midwives per 1,000 live births is 8 and

lifetime risk of death for pregnant women is 1 in 44.[51]

Culture

Main article: Culture of East Timor

The culture of East Timor reflects numerous influences, including Portuguese, Roman Catholic, and Indonesian,

on the indigenous Austronesian and Melanesian cultures of Timor. East Timorese culture is heavily influenced by

Austronesian legends. For example, Timorese creation myth has it that an aging crocodile transformed into the

island of Timor as part of a debt repayment to a young boy who had helped the crocodile when it was sick. [52]

As a result of that transformation, the island is shaped like a crocodile and the boy's descendants are the native

Timorese who inhabit the island. The phrase "leaving the crocodile" refers to the pained exile of Timorese fromtheir island.

There is also a strong tradition of poetry in the country. Prime Minister Xanana Gusmo, for example, is a

distinguished poet. As for architecture, some Portuguese-style buildings can be found, along with the traditional

totem houses of the eastern region. These are known as uma lulik(sacred houses) in Tetum, and lee teinu

(houses with legs) in Fataluku. Craftsmanship is also widespread, as is the weaving of traditional scarves or tais.

Sports organisations joined by East Timor include the International Olympic Committee (IOC), the International

Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), the International Badminton Federation (IBF), joined the Union

Cycliste Internationale, the International Weightlifting Federation, the International Table Tennis Federation(ITTF), and East Timor's national football team joined FIFA. East Timorese athletes competed in the 2003

Southeast Asian Games held 2003. In the 2003 ASEAN Paralympics Games, East Timor won a bronze medal.

In the Athens 2004 Olympic Games, East Timorese athletes participated in athletics, weightlifting and boxing.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_Summer_Olympicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paralympicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003_Southeast_Asian_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIFAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor_national_football_teamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_Cycliste_Internationalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Association_of_Athletics_Federationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Olympic_Committeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-wiseamanda-52http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mythhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austronesian_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_East_Timorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-SOWMY-51http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-50http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-robinson-41http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-autogenerated2006-49http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-autogenerated2-48http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-autogenerated2-48http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-autogenerated2-48http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-autogenerated2-48http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_expectancyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-robinson-41http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidade_Nacional_de_Timor-Lestehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-autogenerated2006-49http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-autogenerated2006-49http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_note-autogenerated2-48http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illiteratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Portuguese_School_of_D%C3%ADli,_Timor-Leste.jpg


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East Timor won three medals in Arnis at the 2005 Southeast Asian Games. East Timor competed in the firstLusophony Games, and in October 2008, the country earned its first international points in a FIFA match with a

22 draw against Cambodia.[53]

See also

Outline of East TimorIndex of East Timor-related articles

Coral Triangle

Great Timor

Foreign relations of East Timor

Human Rights in Timor-Leste

LGBT rights in East Timor (Gay rights)

List of cities, towns and villages in East Timor

List of East Timor-related topics

List of East Timorese peopleRede Feto

Scouting in East Timor

Telecommunications in East Timor

Timor Leste Defence Force

Transport in East Timor

United Nations Mission in East Timor

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much is Sunrise really worth?: True Value of a Timor Sea Gas Resource (26 Mar 05)"

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(http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/04/20/timor-leste-tetum-portuguese-bahasa-indonesia-or-

english.html) . April 20, 2012. http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/04/20/timor-leste-tetum-portuguese-

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(http://www.jsmp.minihub.org/Reports/jsmpreports/Language%20Report/LanguageReport(english).pdf)

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(http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/data_sheets/cty_ds_TMP.html) . Hdrstats.undp.org.

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Cashmore, Ellis (1988).Dictionary of Race and Ethnic Relations. New York: Routledge. ASIN B000NPHGX6

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Charny, Israel W.Encyclopedia of Genocide Volume I. Denver: Abc Clio.

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Xanana Gusmo, Indes Savantes editor, Paris, France, published in 2001. ISBN 978-2-84654-012-4, ISBN

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East Timor, politics and elections(in Chinese)/(20012006):

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u.ac.jp/issue/issue2/article_232.doc+%22Institute+of+south+east+asian+studies%22%2B%22jinan+university%

22%2Bguangzhou%2Bjournal&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=hk) , Jean A. Berlie, Institute of Southeast Asian

Studies of Jinan University editor, Jinan, China, published in 2007.

External links

Government

Timor-Leste official government website (http://www.timor-leste.gov.tl/)

Chief of State and Cabinet Members (https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-

leaders-t/timor-leste.html)

General information

Timor-Leste (https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tt.html) entry at The

World Factbook

East Timor (http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/etimor.htm) from UCB Libraries GovPubs

Timor-Leste (http://www.dmoz.org/Regional/Asia/Timor-Leste/) at the Open Directory Project

East Timor (http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/596313/East-Timor) atEncyclopdia

Britannica

East Timor profile (http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-14919009) BBC NewsWikimedia Atlas of East Timor

East Timor travel guide from Wikivoyage

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http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=TLhttp://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=TLhttp://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Special:Search/East_Timorhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_East_Timorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC_Newshttp://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-14919009http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannicahttp://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/596313/East-Timorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Directory_Projecthttp://www.dmoz.org/Regional/Asia/Timor-Leste/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/etimor.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_World_Factbookhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tt.htmlhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/timor-leste.htmlhttp://www.timor-leste.gov.tl/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Berliehttp://74.125.153.132/search?q=cache:iMyTwboV3okJ:kyotoreview.cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp/issue/issue2/article_232.doc+%22Institute+of+south+east+asian+studies%22%2B%22jinan+university%22%2Bguangzhou%2Bjournal&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=hkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782846540124http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782846540124http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xanana_Gusm%C3%A3ohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Berliehttp://direct.bl.uk/bld/PlaceOrder.do?UIN=147446017&ETOC=RN&from=searchenginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781856498401http://www.oapen.org/download?type=document&docid=408241http://www.amazon.com/dp/B000NPHGX6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_Standard_Identification_Numberhttp://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/27457471/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_ref-53http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8122-3909-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_ref-wiseamanda_52-0http://www.unfpa.org/sowmy/report/home.htmlhttp://www.unfpa.org/sowmy/report/home.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_ref-SOWMY_51-0http://www.unfpa.org/sowmy/resources/docs/country_info/profile/en_TimorLeste_SoWMy_Profile.pdfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor#cite_ref-50


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