chapter 13 the high middle ages
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Section 1 The Crusades Begin Rollerpig Period 6. Chapter 13 The High Middle Ages . Main Idea: A variety of causes led to religious wars called the Crusades, which spanned more than two centuries. A. The Background of the Crusades . The Growth of Papal Power - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
CHAPTER 13 THE HIGH MIDDLE AGES
Section 1 The Crusades Begin Rollerpig Period 6
A. THE BACKGROUND OF THE CRUSADES Main Idea: A variety of causes led to religious
wars called the Crusades, which spanned more than two centuries.
A. THE BACKGROUND OF THE CRUSADES The Growth of Papal Power
In early medieval Europe, lawlessness and violence were common.
In the 900s the Byzantine, or Eastern Orthodox Church, and the Roman Catholic Church began to disagree on the role of the Pope.
Pope Gregory VII wanted to restore the power of the papacy.
A. THE BACKGROUND OF THE CRUSADES The Pope Calls for a Crusade
As the 11th century drew to a close, the city of Jerusalem had been in Muslim hands for more than 450 years.
Like Pope Gregory VII in 1095, Pope Urban believed in the supreme power of the Pope.
Pope Gregory VII in 1095 at the Council of Clermont in France called on Western leaders to join.
B. THE FIRST AND SECOND CRUSADES Main Idea: During the First
Crusade, Jerusalem was recaptured and crusader states were established in the eastern Mediterranean.
B. THE FIRST AND SECOND CRUSADES The Quest for Jerusalem
The First Crusade, began in 1096 and was the first of a series of wars between European Christians and Muslims.
In 1099, the crusaders succeeded in their main goal : they conquered Jerusalem and founded a crusader state there.
The First Crusade may have been a success for Christians, but it was a disaster for the Muslims, the crusades also killed many Jews in the area.
B. THE FIRST AND SECOND CRUSADES
The Second Crusade Crusader states brought
new wealth and power to their settlers.
In 1144, the Muslims captured the crusader state of Edessa.
The effort to defend the crusade states ended in failure.
C. LATER CRUSADES Main Idea: The Crusades had
lasting effects on medieval Europe.
C. LATER CRUSADES The Third and Fourth
Crusades The Third Crusade, which
lasted from 1189 to 1192, was the direct result of Saladin’s victor.
In 1198, a new Pope, Innocent III, was elected.
The Fourth Crusade was a strategy, which lasted from 1202 to 1204, it was a attack on Egypt first and then they marched north to the Holy land.
C. LATER CRUSADES The Results of the Crusades
For one reason or another political schemes, poor preparation, and the deaths of key western leaders, most of these efforts failed.
Despite the fact that the Crusades were not successful overall, they had a lasting impact on Europe and the Mediterranean region.
The Crusades strengthened the power of the medieval Church and the Popes.
PAPAL Of, relating to, or issued by a pope.