't_ U ;MAP Universiti Malaysia Perlis

INVENTORS MOHO IRWAII YUSDff DR. MUHAMMAD IRWAno LEOWWAIZIIE DR. SAFWATlIBIIAHIM ASSOC. PROF DR MOHO ROZAILAN GOMESH NAIR SHASIOHARAN

CONTACT DETAILS Clnt,. of ExI:8IItQC8 tor Rtnewabla EM,., Schaal 01 BaDirial SyIIefH EDlinetriAg Un"'"., Mallysil PerU, E-llUIil : ilWlnOunimlp.ldu.my Te' : 1011HD04781 Fax: 04-117011883

INTRODUCTION

AUTOMATIC COOLING SYSTEM USING PIC 16F877A FOR SOLAR PANEL

Experimental Setup

Solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation is an attractive technique to reduce consumption of fossil fuels and as a renewable energy. The temperature of PV module increases when it absorbs solar radiation, causing a decrease in efficiency. The power and efficiency of PV module usually falls at the rate of -O.5%tC and -O.05%rC respectively as increase of ambient temperature. To actively cool the PV module, an automatic solar cooling system is designed by using DC brushless fan and DC water pump with inlet/outlet manifold. PIC 16F877A was used to control the DC brushless fan and water pump for switch ON and OFF depending on temperature PV module. The open-circuit voltage (Vac), short circuit current (Isc) and every change temperature on PV module were shown to compare the performance with and without cooling system. The results showed that the PV module with cooling system is higher in term of output power and efficiency compare to without cooling system. The higher efficiency of PV cell, the payback period of the system can be shorted and the lifespan of PV module can also be longer.

(a) DC water pump (b) DC brushless fan

Block Diagram of Overall System

PV BATIERY B,ATTER'Ii DC

MODULE ~ CHARGER t- 1---+ BRUSHI.ESS DC ,Scurce FAf'~ Source t(> DC

Source \0 DC 1 Fan WaterP'Jmp

DC ' .. VATER PUMP

I Figure 1 Block diagram of automatic solar panel cooling system

Comparison between with and without cooling system . - --.---::-, --, - - POWER GENERATED ~ r TYPE " - - - .. . _ '-- _ - - ~ - -1 Unit 1000 Units SAVING WITHOUT COOLING I 70W 70kW 0%

WINT COOLING 90W 90kW 32.86%

Table 1 Power generated by PV module for with and without cooling system

II NOVELTIES Novelties of the proposed topology are: 1. Used microcontroller PIC 16F877 as a controlier system to switch on and

off the DC water pump and DC fan Used the temperature detector for detecting the surface temperature of PV

_ .... u,' .. the life span of the PV module _-.n'Prlrm of the PV application system can be shorted

Figure 2 The OC brushless fan and DC water pump of PV module cooling system

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

TIme

Figure 3 The weather condition of solar irradiance

r_

Figure 4 The weather condition of temperature

60

50 ~::::: E 40

; 1! 30 !. i 20 -+-WithCooling

10 ___ WitnoutCooling

o + ...... ------, ..... --_.--100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Irradiance

Figure 5 The temperature of solar panel for with and without cooling system

u·~ MAP Universiti Malaysia Perlis

INVENTORS ALIOA ABDUlLAH MOHO MUSTAFA AL BAIRI ABDUUAH MOHO IZZAT AHMAD CHE MOHO RUZAIDt SHAULl NURAINJAYA ROMISUHANI AHMAD A NOVE CONTACT DETAILS Centre of Exceftence Geopofymer& Grea" Technology (CEGeoGTech) School of MaIeriaI Englneoring Univol1iti Malaysia Perli. (UnIMAP) P.O Box n. dla Pejabat Po& Besar 01000 Kangar, Perlis, MaJaysia

GEOPOLYMER CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

Geopolymeris a newtechnologywhich using aluminosilicate sources to produce a compacted network structure binder which is an alternative to the Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). However the development of this technology is not limited only on the binder processing but it can be used on the other application such as ceramic technology. Geopolymer ceramic which using waste materials such as fly ash and others is very strong, hard, and chemically inert ceramic which can be used in several applications, including those in extreme environments. High performance and lightweight are the desired properties for geopolymer ceramic matrix composites.

_ PROBLEM STATEMENTS

• Due to the complex fabrication method of advanced ceramic technology nowdays, we offer simplest and user-friendly method for high performance ceramic properties.

• To produce equal qualities to other advanced ceramic by using waste materials.

• Widen technology of geopolymer ceramic.

• High performance and lightweight criteria. • Chemical resistance. • Good oxidation resistance • Excellent creep resistance

II PRODUCT PROPERTIES

Source material Strength (MPa) Density (g/cm') Hardness (GPa)

Withstand temperature ('C)

PUBLICATIONS

Environmental friend ly -120

2.4 - 2.6 -7.00

>1300

Waste -140

1.9 - 2.1 -7.5

>1300

_ POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS

COLLABORATION This product is in research cooperation agreement between King Abdul Aziz City Science & Technology (KACST) and granted with Saudi Aramco Oil with 2.2 million.

• A.M. Mustafa AI Bakri, H. Kamarudin, M. BnHussain, J. Liyana, C.M. Ruzaidi and A.M. Izzat, "Study on Refractory Materials Application Using Geopolymer Processing" Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Science. 2012

Heah, H. Kamarudin, A.M. Mustafa AI Bakri, M. Bnhussain, M. Luqman, I. K. Nizar, C.M. Ruzaidi, and Y.M. Liew, "Study on solids-to-liquid and alkaline activator ratios on kaolin-based International Journal of Mineral, Metallurgy and Material, 2013 \

........ ~'m'rI A.M. Mustafa AI Bakri, M. Bnhussain, M. Luqman, I. Khairul Nizar, C.M. Ruzaidi, and Y.M. Liew, "Kaolin-based geopolymers with various NaOH concentrations", \'

."'''".,,"' ... ,"", 2013 ~ !!!! ~. NJ!liH~ ~ \ \ \ I