revised drr cca clup phoenix lowres

7/29/2019 Revised DRR CCA CLUP Phoenix Lowres

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DRR-CCA Enhanced

Comprehensive Land Use Plan

1

Outline

I. Comprehensive Land Use Planning

A. Definition and rationale

B. Legal Bases for Mainstreaming DRR-CCA

C. The 12-step Comprehensive Land Use Panning Process

II. Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Assessment Results in the Comprehensive Land Use PlansA. Rationale

B. Framework for integrating DRA in the CLUP

III. Integrating DRA in the CLUP: Entry points to major steps of the CLUP process

A. Situational Analysis

B. Visioning

C. Goals and Objective Setting

D. Selection of the Preferred Development Thrust and Spatial Strategy

E. Preparation of the Land Use Plan

F. Zoning Ordinance

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Comprehensive Land Use Planning

Comprehensive Land Use Planning puts into practice the essence of local autonomy among LGUs;

This process and its output, which comes in a form of a Comprehensive Land Use Plan document, sets thedirection which the LGUs have to take to enable them to attain their vision and to transform them into active

partners in the attainment of local, provincial, regional, and national goals;

The CLUP process provides a venue to level off the different groups with varied interests in the local planning area.;

It opens an opportunity for gaining community support, understanding and ownership of the Plan through a broad-based consensus formation efforts and participatory arrangements;

The process attempts to rationalize the allocation of the limited local land resources by using empirical basis toanalyze existing social, economic, physical, environmental, political and institutional situation;

This enables the LGUs to formulate development goals and objectives, design alternatives, and arrive at soundpolicies, strategies, programs and projects;

It shall have a minimum 10 year planning period;

3

Rationale for the formulation of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan

To achieve an improved quality of life;

To guide the orderly development of a city/municipality to promote the health, safety, welfare and convenience of thepopulation;

To promote sustainable development;

To preserve special natural features and environmentally critical areas;

To translate socio-economic policies into physical policies and plans;

To provide guidelines for the appropriate use of natural resources;

To allocate land for settlements, industries and other urban uses on land least suitable for agricultural and farminguses;

To serve as basis for reclassifying and converting land;

To reflect changes in the physical, social and economic characteristics of the community; and

To incorporate changes in the goals and objectives of the community

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Legal Bases for DRR-CCA integration

Republic Act 9279. Philippine Climate Change Act of 2009

SEC . 14. Local Climate Change Action Plan. The LGUs shall be the frontline agencies inthe formulation, planning and implementation of climate change action plans in their

respective areas, consistent with the provisions of the Local Government Code, the Framework, and

the National Climate Change Action Plan.

Barangays shall be directly involved with municipal and city governments in prioritizing

climate change issues and in identifying and implementing best practices and other

solutions. Municipal and city governments shall consider climate change adaptation, as one of their

regular functions.

LGUs shall regularly update their respective action plans to reflect changing social,

economic, and environmental conditions and emerging issues. The LGUs shall furnish the

Commission with copies of their action plans and all subsequent amendments, modifications and

revisions thereof, within one (1) month from their adoption. The LGUs shall mobilize and allocate

necessary personnel, resources and logistics to effectively implement their respective action plans.

5

Legal Bases for DRR-CCA integration

Republic Act 10121. Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010

SEC. 2. Declaration of Policy. - It shall be the policy of the State to:

(a) Uphold the people's constitutional rights to life and property by addressing the root

causes of vulnerabilities to disasters, strengthening the country's institutional capacity for

disaster risk reduction and management and building the resilience of local communities to disastersincluding climate change impacts;

(d) Adopt a disaster risk reduction and management approach that is holistic,

comprehensive, integrated, and proactive in lessening the socio-economic and environmental

impacts of disasters including climate change, and promote the involvement and participation of

all sectors and all stakeholders concerned, at all levels, especially the local community;

(f) Adopt and implement a coherent, comprehensive, integrated, efficient and responsive disaster

risk reduction program incorporated in the development plan at various levels of government

adhering to the principles of good governance such as transparency and accountability wIthin the

context of poverty alleviation and environmental protection;

(g) Mainstream disaster risk reductIon and climate change in development processes such

as policy formulation, socioeconomic development planning, budgeting, and governance, particularly

in the areas of environment, agriculture, water, energy, health, educatIOn, poverty reduction, land-

use and urban planning, and public infrastructure and housing, among others;

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Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board (HLURB) Guidelines on CLUP preparation

ULE P.

PLANNINGSTRATEGICALLY

Guidelines or he Applicationof he Strategic Planning Process

in the Preparat ion of he Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP)and to Important Urban Area Issues and Problems

HLURB'.Housing and LandUse Regulatory BoardAusAJD 2001... .

III

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The 12-step process Comprehensive Land Use Panning

Step 5Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 6

Step 8Step 12 Step 11 Step 10 Step 9 Step 7

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Disaster Risk Assessment (DRA) in


(CLUP)

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Relevance of mainstreaming disaster risk assessment results in the land use plans

The disaster risk assessment results form the basis for understanding

implications of current and future land use management and development.

The DRA provided information on what areas in the planning unit are

susceptible to each hazard, where the higher losses and damages will occur,

how much a hazard may cost were it to occur, and how the lives and quality

of life in the planning unit might be affected in the aftermath of disaster.

Enhancements on specific aspects can be done in determining the key issues

and challenges to be addressed by the land use plan, changes in the land use

framework given disaster risk information that may alter the desired land use

patterns, and in the specific land use interventions, especially new structural

measures or land use controls will be implemented.

Source: Promoting Use of Disaster Risk Information in Land-use Planning, ADPC, 2011

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Relevance of mainstreaming disaster risk assessment results in the land use plans

In terms of implication to land use, the following questions will determine

what changes are needed to the existing land use plan.

Should current development strategy remain? e.g. should residential

buildings continue to be built in the area? If not, should current ones be

retrofitted? Should houses not be built at all in the area?

How do the risks impact socio-economic conditions?

What are the alternative land use development strategies?

How do the physical changes interact with other areas (e.g. nearby towns,

municipalities, provinces, regions), physically and economically?


11

Integrating the Disaster Risk Assessment in the Comprehensive Land Use Plan

Intra-sectoral studies

Identification of DRR-CCA related risk management policyinterventions and adaptation measures

Assessment of natural/physical/ environmental features

Strengthen the support institutional structures,

systems and procedures

Program and project assessment, prioritization

and development

Information, Education and CommunicationCampaign

Budgetary support/requirements

Other support local legislations

Investment Programming


Conduct inter-sectoral analysis and integration of sectors andland uses

Step number corresponds to HLURB 12 step process in Comprehensive Land Use Planning

Hazard Characterization/Frequency Analysis

Consequence Analysis

Risk Estimation

Risk Evaluation

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Integrating DRA in the CLUP: Situational

Analysis

13

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Source: HLURB, Guidelines

DRR-CCA mainstreaming entry points

Entry points of DRA in Comprehensive Land Use Planning: Situational Analysis

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The outputs of the DRA are the following:

Hazard Characterization:

Inventory and description of hazards that affect the planning area.

Hazard Maps

Consequence/Risk Estimation

Tabular estimates of risks for each hazard type;

- Risk to Fatality- Risk to Property (i.e. Built-up areas, agriculture, forestry and fisheries)- Risk to Critical point facilities (i.e. social support, economic, infrastructure

and utilities)

- Risk to Lifeline assets Identified vulnerability factors that contribute to risk;

Risk maps derived from the hazard maps; and

Map overlays of critical facilities at risk;

Risk Evaluation

Development issues and concerns;

DRR/CCA goals,objectives and strategies;

List of priority areas/Prioritization map for risk reduction focusing on areas

with high estimates of fatalities/year and cost of damages/year;

Risk Management Options and Strategies

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Risk Evaluation

Develo ment sectors and sub- Technical Findin s (DRA)

Sectoral develo ment im lications/

Risk reduction/management strategy options interventions

sectors

Hazard Type

Priority issues, concerns and needsA voi da nc e M iti ga ti on R is k Tr an sfe r

Risk

Retention

Demography

Population Change Estimated exposure(affected Expound on the implications of

PopulationDistribution

,fatality to hazard/s per barangay

Assess population vulnerabilities ofthe population to the potential

growth and distribution trends(direction of growth) on potentialrisk

PopulationComposition

impacts/risk of hazards

Enumerate sectoral developmentneeds and concerns

Social

Housing Estimated exposure of critical pointfacilities conse uence and risk to

Expound on the potential impactsscenarios of hazards/disasters to

Health

,

property damage (replacement cost) the sufficiency and adequacy of

Education

o azar s y ype o s ruc ure .e.hospitals, schools, government

e very o asc soc a servces. Incorporate projected social support

Protective Services

offices, socialized housing) Assess the structural integrity and

services requirements withemphasis on the threats posed by

Social Welfare andServices

vulnerabilities of critical socialsupport point facilities that

contribute to risk.

the hazards Enumerate sectoral development

needs and concernsGovernmentInstitutions

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Risk Evaluation

-Technical Findings (DRA)

Sectoral development implications/

Risk reduction/management strategy options/ interventions

Hazard Type

Priority issues, concerns and needs

Av oi da nce M it iga ti on R isk Tr ans fe r R is k R et en ti on

Economic

Agriculture Estimated exposure of economicbased facilities conse uence and risk

Expound on the potentialim acts of hazards/disasters to

Commerce and Trade

,

to property damage (replacement the local economy in general-

Industry

(i.e. banks, industrial, tourism sectors

Agroforestry

Assess structural integrity and

economic requirements with

Tourism

vunera t es o econom c supportpoint facilities that contribute to risk.

emp ass on t reats pose ythe hazards.


Infrastructure and Utilities

Transportation Estimated exposure of lifelines,

conse uence and risk to ro ert

Expound on the potential

im acts of hazards/disasters toWater

damage (replacement cost) to the delivery of basic lifeline

Power

. Assess on the structural integrity and

,communication)

Communication

impacts of hazards/disasters onaccess and linkage systems

Incorporate future infrastructurerequirements


19

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Risk Evaluation: Risk management strategy options

Risk avoidance or elimination removing a risk trigger by not locating in the area of potential hazard impact.

Risk reduction or mitigation reducing the frequency of occurrence or the severity of the consequence by

changing physical characteristics or operations of a system or the element at risk. It can take on the following

subcategories:

risk or loss reduction through mitigation

risk or loss reduction through preparedness

segregation of exposure through duplication or redundancy

segregation of exposure through separation

Risk sharing or risk transfer shifting the risk-bearing responsibility to another party, often times involving

the use of financial and economic measures particularly insurance systems to cover and pay for future

damages.

Risk retention or acceptance this is the do-nothing scenario where risks are fully accepted and

arrangements are made to pay for financial losses with own resources

Source: Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction in Subnational Development and Land Use/Physical Planning in the Philippines, NEDA, 2008

23

Risk Reduction Policies and StrategiesRisks Avoid or Eliminate Risks Reduce and Mitigate Risks Share and Transfer Risks Risk Retention

Infrastructure risks Prohibit development in high risk

areas

Buyout and relocate structures in

highly prone areas

Destroy and remove structures in

hazard-prone areas

Strengthen structures ability to

resist hazard

Change use or occupancy pattern

of structure

Enforce stricter zoning and building

standards

Develop response plans and

improve hazards warning systems

Build redundant infrastructure

systems

Secure items from damage and

loss

Develop alternate locations for key

functions

Institute a geologic hazard

abatement district for home owners

to share in future repair costs

Real estate disclosures

Take no action

Self-insure the stocks

Treat physical losses as expenses

Social and cultural risks Deny occupancy of hazardous

buildings Protect cultural assets through

zoning standards

Integrate sociocultural indicators

into risk assessment Fund hospitals and social services

mitigation

Identify needs of various population

groups (e.g., elderly, handicapped,

women, children)

Promote incentives for

homeowners, renters andbusinesses to purchase insurance

Create mutual aid agreements

Take no action

Prepare shelter plans for displacedresidents

Economic r isks Avoid or el imina te cap ital stock

risks by mandating smart growth

or avoiding high risk areas

Develop business retention and job

placement programs

Provide incentives to mitigate or

reduce risk

Diversify income sources

Attract wide range of business

types

Mitigate risks to key income

generators (base industries, large

employment sectors)

Incentives for smart growth

Build economic alliances and

partnerships

Shared responsibilities between

government and private / business

sector

Take no action

Special funds or lines of credits for

lost revenues

Natural resource/

environmental risks

Eliminate sources of pollution

Mandate use of technologies (e.g.,

emissions- free vehicles)

Enforce strict zoning

Eliminate point sources of pollution

Launch clean-up efforts

Regulate use and storage of

potential pollutants

Reduce densities in sensitive areas Habitat conservation plans

Incentives for use of specific

technologies

Incentives for good development

decisions

Develop transfer of development

rights programs, or environmental

land swaps

Greater shared responsibilities of

Indigenous Peoples in themanagement and protection of

forests

Take no action

Brownfield clean-up and reuse

costs

Sample Risk Management Options


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27

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Integrating DRA in the CLUP: Visioning

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Source: HLURB, Guidelines Vol 1, 2006


Entry points of DRA in Comprehensive Land Use Planning: Visioning

31

Sample Vision and descriptors: NDRRMF

Terminology Explanation

SaferMen and women have increased awareness and understanding on DRRM and are now more prepared and away

from harm when disaster strikes.

Adaptive

Our aim is to empower communities and develop the "right" mindset and positive behavioral changestowards reducing and managing risks and lessening the effects of disasters. This term is about building

back better or building on from our learnings, good practices, research and experiences, helping us address

the underlying causes of our vulnerability and increasing our ability to adjust to the situation before us. By being

adaptive, we learn to innovate and go to the next level.

Disaster-resilient

The risk reduction efforts have been successful and made the people stronger (in a positive way and not just in

terms of their coping mechanism), increasing their abili ty to bounce back after a disaster. We want to instill the

culture of safety by increasing people's capacity to bounce back and decrease disaster losses and impact;

Filipino

communities

These are the Filipino men and women of different ages, coming from the different sectors and different

geographically defined areas. The term also reinforces that the overall approach in DRRM which is community-

based or according to the strengths, cultural and/or local contexts of the people.

Sustainable

Development

This ties everything and puts into proper context all our ORR and CCA efforts henceforth. Building back better can only

be done if sustainable development is mainstreamed.

Safer, adaptive and disaster-resilient Filipino communities toward sustainable development

National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Framework, 2011

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"A climaterisk-resilientPhilippines with

healthy, safe, prosperous and self-reliant

communities, andthrivingand productive

ecosystems."

Sample Vision: NFSCC

33

ILIGAN is envisioned to become a beautiful, prosperous and

dynamic City where culturally diverse and empowered people are

working in harmony to achieve balanced, sustainable growth,

attuned to globalization. - Iligan City Vision

A peaceful, orderly, livable, city with a modern trading center where there

are equal opportunities for our disciplined citizens to develop and prosper

in a clean and healthy environment. - Cagayan de Oro City Vision

Entry points of DRA in Comprehensive Land Use Planning: Visioning

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Integrating DRA in the CLUP: Goals and

Objectives Setting

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DRA Results/

Development Issues

and Concerns

Goals Objectives Strategies

From the identifiedvulnerability (exposure,

condition, sensitivity) or

risks.

This can be used to

identify single or

collective (common)

problems such as

disaster risks identified.

This may be drawn from the Desired Results ofthe Risk Management Options.

What are the common risk reduction objectives,

targets of the community that can be used as

development goals?

How does the City or Municipality envision its

response to natural hazards in the future?

Development relatedresponse to a specific

problem.(Ex. land use

management)

Specific

Measurable

Achievable

Realistic

Time-bound

Action(s) on how to solve the problem.These are taken from the Risk Management

Options columns or Adaptation measures

taken.

Land Use Management, environmentalmanagement, safe building construction,

emergency management, among others.

Hazard reduction

Location based: Regulatory

Zoning & Micro-zoning (Flood. Seismic) Subdivision Regulations Eminent Domain Buyouts

Design Based: Regulatory

Building Codes Retrofit Standards Hazard Resistant Standards Ordinance

Project/Program based: Non Regulatory

Public Information Training Programs Low cost loans & Subsidies Public & Private Partnerships

Entry points of DRA in Comprehensive Land Use Planning: Goals and Objective Setting

Source: Reference manual on Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation in the Comprehensive Land Use Plans, NEDA (Unpublished)

37

DRA Results/

Development Issues

and Concerns

Goals Objectives Strategies

Increased Riparian

flooding and erosion

affecting several

barangays

Reduce buildings &

community infrastructures

exposure in Barangay

Cambuayon, Payapag,

Poblacion and Cabugao

as well as areas near the

major rivers like

Barangays Pautao,

Campo, Dugsangon and

Pongtud

Remove legal and informal

communities located in floodways

and within 50-100 meters from river

banks.

Disallow development in river

floodways and regulate

development outside floodways by

zoning in the identified barangays.

(specially Campo, Poblacion,

Pautao)

Invite riverside communities to be involved

with proposed flood reduction measures,

zoning & share responsibilities in implementing

zoning.

Maintain open spaces, agriculture lands

adjacent to flood ways & diversify income

sources by selection of flood resistant crop or

using crop cycles (should be part of SAFDZ).

Abandon highly flood prone areas ( within

50m) from banks and high tide levels ( within

100 meters) .

Identify relocation sites and new housing sites

and package an affordable housing/shelter

program.

Flood proofing of houses. First floors should

be higher than flood identified with Jan27-Feb

4,2011 floods.

Sample Goal and Objective setting: Flood, Surigao City

Source: Reference manual on Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation in the Comprehensive Land Use Plans, NEDA (Unpublished)

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Integrating DRA in the CLUP: Selection

of the Preferred Development Thrust

and Spatial Strategy

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Entry points of DRA in CLUP: Selection of the Preferred Development Thrust and Spatial Strategy

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Sieve Mapping and Suitability Analysis

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Suitability criteria (thematic maps) for

settlement expansion areas

Tsunami Prone areas

Liquefactio n Prone Areas

Ground Rupture Zones

GeologicHazards

Flood Susceptibility

Rain Induced Landslide Prone Area

MeteorologicalHazards

Network of Protected Areas for Agriculture and Agro-industrial Development

Strategic Agriculture and Fisheries Development Zone

ProtectedAgricultural

Lands

Road Right of Way (National and Municipal Roads

River Easement Zone

Coastal Easement Zone

Foot paths and cart trail easement zone

Easement and

Buffer Zones

Slope

Land Cover

Non-NIPAS Areas

Land Classification

Ancestral Domain

Watershed Delineation Zone

Other

Considerations

Assign suitability ratings persub-parameter

Geographic information system

overlay analysis

Suitability analysis map

Determine net buildable and non-buildable areas,

Identify priority development zones, Basis for land supply augmentation

Sample thematic maps for land suitability analysis /sieve mapping

43

Tsunami Prone areas

Liquefaction Prone Areas

Ground Rupture Zones

GeologicHazards

Flood Susceptibility Rain Induced Landslide Prone AreaMeteorologicalHazards

Network of Protected Areas for Agriculture and Agro-industrial Development

Strategic Agriculture and Fisheries Development Zone

ProtectedAgricultural

Lands

Road Right of Way (National and Municipal Roads

River Easement Zone

Coastal Easement Zone

Foot paths and cart trail easement zone

Easement and

Buffer Zones

Slope

Land Cover

Non-NIPAS Areas

Land Classification

Ancestral Domain

Watershed Delineation Zone

Other

Considerations

Sample thematic maps for land suitability analysis /sieve mapping

Suitability criteria (thematic maps) for settlement expansion areas

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Assigning suitability scores per sub-parameter

45

Land Suitability Analysis (Sample case: Municipality of Abra de Ilog)

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Preferred Spatial Strategy (Sample case: Municipality of Abra de Ilog, Occidental Mindoro)

Tri-Polar Development

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Existing Urban

Core

Stage 3 Up-townexpansion zonelocated near theAirportapproximately50-60 meters abovesea level.

Landslide (Rain andEarthquakeInduced)

West Up-town

Urban Center

Existing West Up-town Urban Centersituatedapproximately 30 to50 meters abovesea level.


Urban

Expansion Area

Stage 1-A westernurban center with aplannedreclamation zone.

Floods, stormsurge, liquefaction,tsunami

Urban

Expansion Area

Stage 1-B urbanexpansion areaslocated along theexit mouth of theCagayan do OroRiver. It has anapproximate area of41 hectares.


Major Urban

Center

Existing CentralBusiness District ofCagayan de OroCity. Future plansinvolve the furtherexpansion of themajor urban centeron both sides ofthe Cagayan deOro River.


East Up-town

Urban Center

Stage 2 Urbanexpansion areaslocated in theeastern hillyportions of the city.It has anapproximate size of767 hectares.


Urban

Expansion Area

Stage 4 east urbancenter with anapproximate size of235 hectare situated10-60 meters abovesea level.

Landslide (Rain andEarthquake Induced)

Existing Urban

Core

Easternmost urbancenter.


Urban

Expansion Area

Planned expansionareas located eastapproximately 50 to60 meters abovesea level.


Urban

Expansion Area

Planned linearurban expansionlocated at theeasternmostportion of the city.Situatedapproximately30-80 meters abovesea-level, adjacentto existingagricultural areas.


Spatial Strategy of Cagayan de Oro City(Comprehensive Land Use Plan)

49

Integrating DRA in the CLUP: Preparing

the Land Use Plan

50


26/35

Entry points of DRA in CLUP: Preparing the Land Use Plan

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27/35

Land Demand = 1,136.36 has

Land Supply =112.77 has. net available area for urban expansion

Supply Augmentation Strategies (SAS)

Settlement Expansion within slopes ranging from 3-18%Conversion of annual and perennial croplands (SAFDZ Areas)Structural Mitigation of structures within Liquefaction prone areaMitigation of Earthquake Triggered Landslide prone areas (low susceptibility)Mitigation of tsunami prone areas in the port zone development

Land Supply after augmentation =1,219 has.

Land demand and supply analysis (Sample case: Baybay City, Leyte)

53

Sapa

Patag

Caridad

Hilapnitan

Kansungka

Bunga

Maybog

SanAgustin

Kantagnos

Ambacan

Amguhan

Maslug

Bitanhuan

Plaridel

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Pomponan

Higuloan

Kagumay

Pangasungan

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Bidlinan

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Mailhi

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Maganhan

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Pansagan

Cogon

Mapgap

Butigan

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Banahao

Sabang

Gubang

Makinhas

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Maypatag

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MahayahayKambonggan

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Kilim

Palhi

SanIsidro

Hipusngo

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Imelda

Candadam

Santo Rosario

Santa Cruz

VillaMag-aso

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Municipality of Javier

Municipalityof La Paz

Municipality of Inopacan

Municipality of Albuera

Municipalityof MacArthur

Mu n i c i p a l it y

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Scale: 1:125,000

SPHEROID..........................................GRID.............................PROJECTION.......................VERTICAL DATUM...........................HORIZONTAL DATUM........................

CLARKE 18665,000METER UTM ZONE 51

TRANSVERSE MERCATORMEAN SEA LEVEL

LUZON DATUM

GRID

NORTH

2 0 2 4 61

Kilometers

LEGEND

' "

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MAPPREPAREDBY:CITY PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENTOFFICE

Urban Core

Secondary Commercial Center

Secondary Residential Growth Nodes

Tourism Nodes

Linkages

Exisiting Road Network

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Scale: 1:125,000

SPHEROID..........................................

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CLARKE 1866

5,000METER UTM ZONE 51TRANSVERSE MERCATOR

MEAN SEA LEVELLUZON DATUM

GRID

NORTH

2 0 2 4 61

Kilometers

LEGEND

Forest

Agricultural

Commercial

Residential

Agro-Industrial

Tourism Services

Parks and Recreation


Water Bodies

Road Network

Municipal Boundaries

' "

'"

MAPPREPAREDBY:CITY PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENTOF FICE

City Boundary

Proposed Land Use Plan (Sample case: Baybay City, Leyte)

54


28/35

Land Use Policies

Land Use Planning

OptionsDescription

Specific

Hazard

Applicability

Specific Structural and Non-structural Land Use Measures

Density controlApplying occupancy and density

ceilings for allowed land usesFlooding

Limit occupancy load and floor area ratios in higher population density exposed to

flooding (the higher the population density, the potential for property damage is greater)

FaultAllow only low density, single family residential land use in buffer zone (usually 5 m to the

left and right of fault line)

Site selection and

development controls

Keeping inappropriate land use

and development out of hazard

areas

Flooding Avoiding areas where development will increase the likelihood of risk or level of impact.

Keeping development out of high-risk and extreme-risk zones. Flood proofing in medium-

to high-risk areas.

Fault Restrict any new construction within the surface faulting zone

Require geologic studies and foundation designs for proposed structures within fault

zones.

Mandate abatement or retrofitting of existing buildings within surface zones.

Encourage voluntary retrofitting as one goes farther away from the fault zone.

Ground

shaking

Allow only low-intensity land uses in high risk areas where there is potential for land failure

due to landslide or liquefaction.

Restrict high-rises and high-occupancy residential buildings and offices in high risk areas

underlain by soft soils.

Require special geological studies, site investigations and special foundation designs.


55

Land Use Policies

Land Use Planning

OptionsDescription

Specific

Hazard

Applicability


Site selection and

development controls

Keeping inappropriate land use

and development out of hazard

areas

Landslide

Slope stabilization with protective structures and natural means such as covering the

slope with vegetation. Engineered retaining walls with drainage built in front of houses.

Adequate surface drainage.

Design and buildingregulations

Application of appropriatebuilding control regulations

Flood Building controls in terms of elevation (e.g., lowest floor of residential structures must beabove the 100-year flood level), high foundation walls, stilts, pilings, setbacks, minimum

lot size depending on risk levels.

Ground

shakingEnact and adopt building code regulations that adequately represent the seismic hazards

Building code provisions should encourage regular building shapes, which minimize

torsional effects in the building.

Limit building appendages or reinforce them, if constructed. Limit signs and billboards or

require reinforcements, if constructed.

Landslide Foundations founded on bedrock should be required.

Strengthening and

retrofitting, of existing

buildings

Reinforcing existing buildings

and structures in hazard areas

Ground

Shaking

Legally require retrofitting for high-risk areas and highly vulnerable buildings due to intense

ground shaking.

Promote voluntary retrofitting of identified hazardous buildings.


56


29/35

Land Use Policies

Land Use Planning

OptionsDescription

Specific

Hazard

Applicability


Protect ion for l ifel ines Critica l facil it ies are ensured of F lood Construct overhead service l ines

disasters Protect water and sewer lines

Electric meters placed above flood line.

Ground

shakingMove highly vulnerable emergency facilities, hospitals, and schools out of high-risk areas.

Provide redundancy in emergency services distributed throughout the planning unit.

Open space

preservation

Specific areas used for low

intensity and low density use toFlood Flood plains used only for agricultural use

Maintain riparian vegetation to prevent erosion

Wetlands created as a means to absorb peak flows from floods

Land acquisitionPurchase by government of land

in hazard areas and provideFault

Buy out of existing critical facilities (schools, hospitals) within fault zones and convert to

low risk land use

Ground

shakingPurchase high-risk lands and use for open spaces and areas for emergency operations.


57

Land Use Policies

Land Use Planning

OptionsDescription

Specific

Hazard

Applicability


Relocation

Mandatory or voluntary

relocation of affected families to

safe areas

LandslideRelocating families and communities at-risk to landslides would be the ideal option to

eliminate landslide risk.

Financial Incentive Scheme for risk sharing throughtax incentives Fault Real estate tax holidays to owners who do not develop their lands within fault zones

Public disclosure

Owners are compelled to reveal

information related to hazards in

their property

FaultRequire property owners and developers who are selling land on the fault zones to

disclose the risk of fault rupture to the property in question


Note: Identified land use policies need to be translated into development regulation provisions for each identified

zone classification in the Zoning Ordinance

58


30/35

Entry points of DRA in CLUP: Preparing the Land Use Plan

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Sample DRR-CCA Programs, Projects and Activities (PPAs)


Structural Miti ation Measures Non-structural Measures

Control Works (Temporary) Resistant Works (Permanent)

Mitigation (including Preparedness)

and Risk Transfer

Volcanic

Eruption

Excavation of trench

Shaping of slope(stepping)

Vegetation

Drainage and excavation oftrenches

Construction of dikes Volcanic-resistant design (i.e.,roof )

Evacuation planning

Public awareness

Training program

Delineation of buffer zones

Risk transfer (insurance,reinsurance, cat bonds)

Earthquake None For concrete structures :

Reinforce building with steelmoment frame

Increase lateral support by infillingopening

Protect wall by stiffening floor

For wood and other buildingstructures:

Follow the existing building codefor retrofitting of the building underthreat of the earthquake impact

Hazard-resistant design andconstruction codes

Early warning system and training

Earthquake evacuation planningand training programs

Earthquake macro and microzoning Monitoring and evaluationof old buildings for retrofitting

Financial alternatives Risk transfer (insurance,

reinsurance, cat bonds)

61

Integrating DRA in the CLUP: Zoning

Ordinance

62


32/35

Zoning Ordinance

The principal instrument for implementing the CLUP;

The ZO is a translation of the CLUP where the proposed land use plan and land usepolicies become the zone boundaries and the spatial based development

regulations/controls in the ZO.

Zoning consists of two major elements, the Zoning Ordinance and the Zoning Map.

63

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33/35

Zoning Ordinance: Zoning Map

' "E

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Sapa

Patag

Caridad

Hilapnitan

Kansungka

Bunga

Maybog

San Agustin

Kantagnos

Ambacan

Amguhan

Maslug

Bitanhuan

Plaridel

Marcos

Pomponan

Higuloan

Kagumay

Pangasungan

Igang

San JuanLintaon

Bidlinan

Ga-as

Mailhi

Monterico

Zacarito

Maitum

Ampihanon

Kabungaan

Ciabo

Balao

Altavista

Bubon

Maganhan

Gabas

Gakat

Monte Verde

Kabatuan

JaenaVillaSolidaridad

Matam-isPunta

Pansagan

Kilim

Cogon

Palhi

Mapgap

Butigan

Buenavista

BanahaoSabang

Gubang

Makinhas

Kabalasan

Maypatag

Kan-ipa

Guadalupe(Utod)

Hibunawan

MahayahayKambonggan

San Isidro

Hipusngo

Imelda

Candadam

SantoRosario

SantaCruz

Biasong

VillaMag-aso

PoblacionBarangays

Municipalityof Javier

Municipalityof LaPaz


Municipalityof Mac Arthur

Municipalityof Albuera

Mu

n i c i p a li ty

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Municipalityof Burauen

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1053'0"N

1052'0"N

1051'0"N

1050'0"N

1049'0"N

1048'0"N

1047'0"N

1046'0"N

1045'0"N

1044'0"N

1043'0"N

1042'0"N

1041'0"N

1040'0"N

1039'0"N

10

38'0"N

1037'0"N

1036'0"N

1035'0"N

1034'0"N

1033'0"N

C A M O T E S S E A

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CIBI CJBJAI AJ BLBF BS CFBE CE C LBT CS CTAT AV BC CPCCCB CRBZBYBXBB BVBP BR CVAYAFAE ASALAC BUBA CHCABHAZ CDAR BDAP CUBK BN CKAX CNAB CGBGAUAG CQBQ COBOAD AH ANAKAA AO AQ BM CMBWAM AW CW

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ZONE CLASSIFICATION

Conservation Zone (CZ)

Water Zone (WZ)

Agricultural Zone (AGZ)

General Residential Zone (GRZ)

Medium DensityResidential Zone (R-2)

General CommercialZone (GCZ)

Commercial/Institutional (C1-IZ)

Commercial Zone (C2)

Tourism DevelopmentZone (TDZ)

Agro-Industrial Zone (AIZ)

Parks and Recreation Zone (PRZ)

SpecialPurpose Zone(SPZ)

Road Network

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CAMOTES SEA

Scale: 1:125,000

SPHEROID..........................................GRID.............................

PROJECTION.......................VERTICAL DATUM...........................HORIZONTAL DATUM........................

CLARKE 18665,000METERUTM ZONE 51

TRANSVERSE MERCATORMEAN SEA LEVELLUZON DATUM

GRID

NORTH

2 0 2 4 61

Kilometers

LEGEND

Forest

Agricultural

Commercial

Residential

Agro-Industrial

Tourism Services

Parks and Recreation


Water Bodies

Road Network

Municipal Boundaries

1 ' "

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MAPPREPAREDBY:CITY PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT OFFICE

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CAMOTES SEA

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GRIDNORTHSPHEROID.................................................GRID.......................PROJECTION...........VERTICALDATUM..................................HORIZONTALDATUM............................................

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Legend

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1:10,000

MAPPREPAREDBY:CITY PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENTOFFICE

R2-Blk 11

AGZ-Blk BC80-A

AGZ-Blk BB79-A

AGZ-Blk BC77-A

AGZ-Blk BB80-A

AGZ-Blk BB82-A

AGZ-Blk BB78-A AGZ-Blk BC78-B

R2-Blk 13

C1-Blk AZ78-C

AGZ-Blk BC82-B

R2-Blk BB81-G

AGZ-Blk BA82-A

R2-Blk AZ79-B

TDZ-Blk2

R2-Blk BA77-AC1-Blk AY77-B

AGZ-Blk AZ83-A

AGZ-Blk BA78-A

R2-Blk BA79-B

C2-Blk 7

CZ-Blk AW75-A

R2-Blk BA76-C

AGZ-Blk BA80-A

R2-Blk AZ82-H

R2-Blk 10

R2-Blk AZ77-A

C1-Blk AY78-A

AGZ-Blk BB77-C

R2-Blk 9

AGZ-Blk BA83-B

R2-Blk BB77-A

AGZ-Blk BB76-A

R2-Blk AZ81-D

WZ-Blk AY75-E

AGZ-Blk BC81-B

R2-Blk AW76-D

CZ-Blk AY75-A

CZ-Blk AV75-A

AGZ-Blk BA79-A

R2-Blk 18

R2-Blk AY82-A

R2-Blk AY76-C

TDZ-Blk4

R2-Blk BA77-B

R2-Blk AY81-ACZ-Blk BA81-B

CZ-Blk AX75-B

R2-Blk AX75-F

C2-Blk 10

R2-Blk AZ81-E

R2-Blk BA81-E

AGZ-Blk BC81-A

CZ-Blk AZ82-F

CZ-Blk BA81-C

C1-Blk AZ77-C

AGZ-Blk BA83-A

WZ-Blk BB76-F

R2-Blk AW75-D

C2-Blk 4

R2-Blk 17

R2-Blk AZ80-B

R2-Blk 8

WZ-Blk BA76-G

R2-Blk 16

R2-Blk 3

C2-Blk 5

R2-Blk AZ78-B

R2-Blk AZ76-E

R2-Blk AY81-B

R2-Blk 4

R2-Blk 12

C2-Blk 3

R2-Blk AZ76-D

CZ-Blk AX75-A

CZ-Blk BA76-F

CZ-Blk AZ83-B

R2-Blk 6

CZ-Blk AX75-C

R2-Blk AX76-A

CZ-Blk AW75-B

CZ-Blk AY76-B

AGZ-Blk BA82-B

AGZ-Blk BC82-A

R2-Blk 2

C1-Blk 9

R2-Blk BA78-C

R2-Blk 15

R2-Blk 7

C1-Blk 2

R2-Blk BA78-D

R2-Blk 1

C1-Blk 3

R2-Blk 5

R2-Blk 14

WZ-Blk AZ76-J

C1-Blk 6

C1-Blk 10

C1-Blk 5

CZ-Blk AZ76-H

AGZ-Blk BB76-B

C1-Blk 8

AGZ-Blk BC78-A

C1-Blk 7

C1-Blk 4

C1-Blk 1

R2-Blk BA80-B

PRZ-Blk3

C1-Blk 12

R2-Blk AZ76-B

CZ-Blk AZ83-C

R2-Blk BB76-C

CZ-Blk BB76-E

C2-Blk 1

R2-Blk AZ80-C

R2-Blk AZ76-C

PRZ-Blk2

R2-Blk BB82-C

R2-Blk BA80-D

C1-Blk AZ77-B

TDZ-Blk1

CZ-Blk BA83-C

CZ-Blk 2

C2-Blk 6

CZ-Blk AW77-B

CZ-Blk 1

C2-Blk 9

C1-Blk AZ78-D

C1-Blk 11

WZ-Blk AW78-A

AGZ-Blk AY75-F

R2-Blk BA80-C

R2-Blk BB78-B

CZ-Blk AW76-C

CZ-Blk AV76-C

WZ-Blk AZ82-J

AGZ-Blk BC81-C

C2-Blk 2

AGZ-Blk BA76-B

AGZ-Blk BB81-B

C1-Blk AW77-A

C1-Blk BA78-E

TDZ-Blk3

PRZ-Blk4

WZ-Blk AV76-D

C2-Blk 8

CZ-Blk AZ81-A

R2-Blk AY83-A

R2-Blk BB81-H

AGZ-Blk AZ82-B

AGZ-Blk AY83-D

CZ-Blk AZ82-E

WZ-Blk AW75-C

R2-Blk BA80-E

R2-Blk BB78-C

CZ-Blk AY75-B

PRZ-Blk1

R2-Blk AZ83-F

CZ-Blk AZ81-B

AGZ-Blk BB81-A

CZ-Blk AY76-A

WZ-Blk AZ83-G

R2-Blk BA81-F

R2-Blk AZ80-D

R2-Blk BC78-C

CZ-Blk AV76-B

WZ-Blk AZ76-I

CZ-Blk AY83-B

R2-Blk BC82-D

R2-Blk BA81-G

R2-Blk AY81-C

CZ-Blk AZ76-G

CZ-Blk AV77-A

WZ-Blk AX75-E

R2-Blk BB77-B

AGZ-Blk BB81-CCZ-Blk AZ81-C

CZ-Blk AV76-A

R2-Blk BC81-D

WZ-Blk BA81-H

CZ-Blk AZ82-G

WZ-Blk AY83-E

WZ-Blk BC82-G

PRZ-Blk5

AGZ-Blk BA81-A

CZ-Blk BB76-D

CZ-Blk BC82-F

CZ-Blk AZ82-D

CZ-Blk BC82-E

C1-Blk AX77-A

R2-Blk AY76-D

CZ-Blk BB82-E

R2-Blk BA76-D

WZ-Blk AV78-B

CZ-Blk BB82-F

CZ-Blk BA76-E

CZ-Blk AY83-C

CZ-Blk BA82-C

C1-Blk AX79-A

R2-Blk BC82-C

R2-Blk AZ76-A

C1-Blk AY77-A

WZ-Blk BB82-G

R2-Blk BA80-F

WZ-Blk AY76-E

R2-Blk AY80-A

CZ-Blk AY75-B

CZ-Blk AY75-B

CZ-Blk BC81-GWZ-Blk BC81-H

CZ-Blk BC81-FR2-Blk BC81-E

CZ-Blk BB81-E

CZ-Blk AZ83-D

AGZ-Blk BB82-B

WZ-Blk AW76-F

CZ-Blk BA81-D

CZ-Blk BB81-DWZ-Blk BB81-1WZ-Blk AZ81-F

CZ-Blk AW76-B

CZ-Blk BB81-F

R2-Blk AV76-E

R2-Blk BB82-D

R2-Blk BC77-B

AGZ-Blk AZ82-A

WZ-Blk AY76-F

CZ-Blk AY75-C

CZ-Blk AZ83-E

R2-Blk AY75-D

R2-Blk AZ78-A

WZ-Blk AX75-D

C1-Blk AY79-A

CZ-Blk BA80-G

CZ-Blk BA82-E

WZ-Blk AY83-E

CZ-Blk AZ82-C

CZ-Blk AZ76-F

WZ-Blk AV79-A

WZ-Blk AV75-B

WZ-Blk BA75-A AGZ-Blk BA76-ACZ-Blk AW76-A

WZ-Blk AV78-A

AV84

AV85

AV73

AV74

AV75

AV76

AV77

AV78

AV79

AV80

AV81

AV82

AV83

BB84

BB73

BB74

BC85

BC84

BC83

BC82

BC81

BC80

BC79

BC78

BC77

BC76

BC75

BC74

BC73

BB75

BB76

BB85

BB77

BB83

BB82

BB81

BB80

BB79

BB78

AY85

AY76

AY75

AY74

AY73

AY77

AY78

AY79

AY80

AY84

AY83

AY82

AY81

BA85

BA78

BA77

BA76

BA75

BA79

BA73

BA80

BA81

BA82

BA83

BA84

BA74

AZ81

AZ80

AZ79

AZ78

AZ77

AZ76

AZ75

AX83

AZ73AX73

AX74

AZ82

AZ83

AZ84

AZ85

AX75

AX76

AZ74

AX77

AX78

AX79

AX80

AX81

AX82

AX84

AX85

AW73

AW77

AW76

AW78

AW79

AW80

AW81

AW82

AW83

AW84

AW85

AW75

AW74

AV86 BC86BB86AY86 BA86

AV72 BB72 BC72AY72

AZ86AX86

BA72AZ72AX72

AW86

AW72

BD83

BD85

BD73

BD74

BD75

BD76

BD77

BD78

BD79

BD80

BD81

BD82

BD84

AU74

AU73

AU75

AU85

AU84

AU83

AU82

AU81

AU80

AU79

AU78

AU77

AU76

BD86

BD72

AU86

AU72

12448'30"E12448'0"E12447'30"E

1041'30"N

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C A M O T E S S E A

1:11,

Zoning Classification

Conservation Zone (CZ)

Water Zone (WZ)

Agricultural Zone (AGZ)

Medium Density Residential Zone (R-2)

Commercial/Institutional (C1-IZ)

Commercial Zone (C2)Tourism Development Zone (TDZ)

Parks and Recreation Zone (PRZ)

Others

Road Network

Poblacion Meridional Block Coverage

u l n l l c ki c i l l c ki n i n i ic i nl i i h i n h l c i n . h r

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EQL

EQL

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EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

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EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

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EQL

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EQL

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EQL

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EQL EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL EQL

EQL EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

EQL

Sapa

Patag

Caridad

Hilapnitan

Kansungka

Maybog

Bunga

San Agustin

Kantagnos

Ambacan

Amguhan

Maslug

Bitanhuan

Plaridel

Marcos

Higuloan

Pomponan

Kagumay

Igang

Pangasungan

LintaonSan Juan

Bidlinan

Mailhi

Ga-as

Monterico

Zacarito

Maitum

Ampihanon

Altavista

Kabungaan

Balao

Ciabo

Maganhan

Bubon

Gakat

Gabas

Kabatuan

MonteVerde

Matam-is

Jaena

Kilim

Punta

Palhi

Butigan

PansaganMapgap

Buenavista

Cogon

BanahaoSabang

Gubang

Makinhas

Maypatag

Kan-ipa

Candadam

Villa Solidaridad

Kabalasan

Hibunawan

Guadalupe (Utod)

MahayahayKambonggan

San Isidro

Hipusngo

Imelda

Biasong

Santo Rosario

Santa Cruz

Villa Mag-aso

Poblacion Barangays

Municipalityof Javier


Municipalityof Inopacan

Municipality of Mac Arthur

Municipalityof Albuera

M

u n ic ip a lity o fMa h a p l a g

Municip

ality

of

Ab

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Municipalityof Burauen

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1053'0"N

1052'0"N

1051'0"N

1050'0"N

1049'0"N

1048'0"N

1047'0

"N

1046'0"N

1045'0"N

1044'0"N

1043'0"N

1042'0"N

1041'0"N

1040'0"N

1039'0"N

1038'0"N

1037'0"N

1036'0"N

1035'0"N

1034'0"N

1033'0"N

C A M O T E S S E A

CIBI CJBJAI AJ BLBF BS CFBE CE C LBT CS CTAT AV BC CPCCCB CRBZBYBXBB BVBP BR CVAYAFAE ASALAC BUBA CHCABHAZ CDAR BDAP CUBK BN CKAX CNAB CGBGAUAG CQBQ COBOAD AH ANAKAA AO AQ BM CMBWAM AW CW

CIBI CJBJAI AJ BLBF BS CFBE CE CLBT CS CTAT AV BC CPCCCB CRBZBYBXBB BVBP BR CVAYAFA E ASALAC BUBA CHCABHAZ CDAR BDAP CUBK BN CKAX CNAB CGBGAUAG CQBQ COBOAD AH ANAKAA AO AQ BM CMBWAM AW CW

9

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1

59

10

11

12

13

14

15

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17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

99

98

97

96

95

94

93

92

91

90

89

88

87

86

85

84

83

82

81

80

79

78

77

76

75

74

73

72

71

70

69

68

67

66

65

64

63

62

61

60

27

58

57

56

55

54

53

52

51

50

49

48

47

46

45

44

43

42

41

40

39

38

37

36

35

34

33

32

31

30

29

28

117

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

9

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1

59

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

99

98

97

96

95

94

93

92

91

90

89

88

87

86

85

84

83

82

81

80

79

78

77

76

75

74

73

72

71

70

69

68

67

66

65

64

63

62

61

60

27

58

57

56

55

54

53

52

51

50

49

48

47

46

45

44

43

42

41

40

39

38

37

36

35

34

33

32

31

30

29

28

117

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

:

: : ,

1

..................................................................

1

h r i i n l l c k r i n i i n l h -nu ric c . . , , c. h n r l

r i i n l l c k u i n hi r i n nc , hini u n i u l n i u r

n r c i l , hil h ini un i u l i u r n

r c i l ih n c nin r l .

ci l n n r l n h ll c rr h u k in u c l n l i , l i u c i n , u n i

r n r n c i u l n .

u rc :

i n l in n urc n r i n

u h ri : , c l r hic : -, - , - , n

r , lli h , n l i ic i n

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i l nnin n l n ic r nu n r , r i r u r

% ' % % %

P , -

ZONE CLASSIFICATION

GeohazardZones

AdministrativeBoundaries

Geo-hazard Overlay Zone: Baybay City ZO

The City shall grant approval to alter the condition of any land,water or vegetation, or to construct or alter any structure orimprovement including, but not limited to, the following regulated

activities within this zone and as permitted in the underlying zone,after receipt of the following requirements, in addition to thegeneral requirements for securing a locational clearance inSection 27 of this Ordinance:

a. Site development plan or appropriate technical plan

b. Engineering geology report, or geotechnical report

c. Hazard mitigation plan including appropriate technical planssuch as slope stabilization activities, protective landscaping

d. Certification by the City Disaster Coordinating Council thatsaid mitigation plan is sufficient to prevent an elevated risk toproperty and adjacent uses, and consistent with the policieson disaster management of the City Government

e. For purposes of this section, the hazard mitigation plan shallcontain emergency actions which must be undertaken priorany development activity or actual use of the lot or structure

or for which there is insufficient time for full compliance withthis provision when it is necessary to:

i. Prevent an imminent threat to public health or safety,or

ii. Prevent imminent danger to public or privateproperty, or

iii. Prevent an imminent threat of serious environmentaldegradation.

67

SECTION 33. River/Stream, Fault Line, and Utility Easement Regulations.

Easement regulations of the National Building Code and other applicable laws,

rules and regulations shall be applied in all zones. The following provisions shall

also be applied:

1. The banks of rivers and streams, pursuant to the provisions of the Water Code,

throughout their entire length and within a zone of three (3) meters along their

margins, are subject to easement of public use in the interest of recreation,

navigation, floatage, fishing and salvage. No person shall be allowed to stay in

this zone longer than what is necessary for space or recreation, navigation,

floatage, fishing or salvage or to build any other structure of any kind.

2. A mandatory five (5) meter easement on both sides of the Marikina fault trace

and such other fault traces on the ground identified by Philippine Institute of

Volcanology or its successor agency.

Zoning Ordinance: Development regulations, Makati City Zoning Ordinance 2000

68


35/35

SECTION 10. Use Regulations in Protected Areas

4.!Environmentally Constrained Areas4.1! Areas exposed to storm surges must be kept in their open natural state, and ifbuilt upon, must be restricted to low density developments.

4.2! Liquefaction-prone areas must undergo geo-technical studies before they areallowed to be built upon. A local building ordinance shall be formulated by the City to

define regulations appropriate for this specific area, taking into consideration the

unique geo-physical characteristics of the city.

4.3! Flood prone areas may be used for human settlements provided the dwellerstherein shall adopt measures to minimize losses such as adaptive building designs,

multi-storey constructions, and the like.

Zoning Ordinance: Development regulations, Dagupan City Zoning Ordinance 2005

69

Thank you

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