environmental considerations in clup · 4/6/2017 · environmental considerations in clup ricardo...

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS

IN CLUP

Ricardo M. Sandalo

Assistant Professor

DCERP, College of Human Ecology

University of the Philippines Los Baños

April 9-10, 2016

CHE Multi Purpose Hall

Short Course on Environmental Planning

DCERP & HUMEIN Phils. Inc.

1

Twin Objectives

• To understand the principles why enviromental

considerations are important in clup preparation.

• To review how environment are considered throughout

the clup preparation process

2 Short Course on Environmental Planning




3

The Land Use Plans of the

Local Government Units (LGUs)*

• A systematic and organized presentation of the LGU‟s

strategic vision, objectives and directions

• Translated into a physical and spatial dimension

• Covers both public and private lands

• Starts from the uplands-to-lowlands-to-coastal ecosystems

of the watershed/sub-watershed system where the LGU is

located.



4

The Land Use Plans of the

Local Government Units (LGUs)*

• The detailed implementation of the CLUP‟s strategic vision,

objectives and directions is presented through the various

local development plans such as Comprehensive

Development Plans (CDP)and sectoral/thematic plans

within the LGU‟s area or shared area with other LGUs.

*in the enhanced CLUP guidelines by HLURB



5

Enhancements in the CLUP Guidebook

• Integration of climate change adaptation and disaster risk

reduction;

• Adoption of the ridge-to-reef or integrated watershed

ecosystems management framework to emphasize the

interrelationship between the upland, lowland and coastal

ecosystems;



6


• Integration of public and private land use management and

newly mandated land and resource use regimes such as

ancestral lands, biodiversity, cultural heritage, forestlands,

coastal/inland waters and protected areas, among others;

• Inclusion of green growth/eco-efficiency and urban design

considerations in urban development;



7


• Establishment of inter-LGU and/or inter-agency

arrangements to facilitate CLUP implementation;

• Emphasis on the precedence of spatial physical plans

(at the regional/ provincial/ local levels), particularly the

CLUP, over other forms of sectoral and development

plans in the LGU; and

• Highlighting the linkage of CLUP to the PPFP and other

plans (barangay plan and other area specific plans).



8



9

“

„

Human development should be planned in

a manner that took full account of

nature and natural processes

- Ian McHarg: Design with Nature (1969)



Critical elements of a successful

national land use policy

• The National Physical Framework Plan (NPFP) has

primacy over all other types of plans being made for the

country, including the Philippine Medium-Term Development

Plan;

• The national land use policy and physical planning process

shall be formulated following a combined bottom-up and

top-down approach;



11



• The NPFP, guides the planning and management of the

country‟s land and other physical resources at the national

and sub-national levels;

• The NPFP indicates broad spatial directions and

development guidelines on the four major land use policy

areas, namely, settlements development, production land

use, protection land use, and infrastructure development;



12



• The NPFP should be the reference point by which

subsequent national and local sectoral or development

plans are directly linked and aligned;

• All plans and programs prepared by national and local

government agencies should be seen as contributing and

supportive of the physical development objectives and

goals of the adopted national, regional, and local physical

plans.



13

The enhanced CLUP Guidebook advocates the principles of the Philippine Agenda 21

(PA21) adopted in 1996



14



15

Philippine Agenda 21: the National Agenda for Sustainable Development

• PA 21 envisions a better quality of life for all through the

development of a just, moral, creative, spiritual,

economically-vibrant, caring, diverse yet cohesive society

• characterized by appropriate productivity, participatory and

democratic process

• and living in harmony within the limits of the carrying capacity

of nature and the integrity of creation.



16

Sustainable Development, according to PA 21 (1996)

the „harmonious integration of a sound and viable economy,

responsible governance, social cohesion and ecological

integrity, to ensure that development is a life-sustaining

process.‟



17

Philippine Agenda 21’s Five Goal Elements

1. Poverty Reduction: Poverty is a central concern of

sustainable development. Consistent with this, PA 21 has a

poverty reduction agenda that includes measures to create

an enabling economic environment for sustained and

broad-based growth; improve employment, productivity and

income; and attain food security.



18


2. Social Equity: Social equity should mean allocation of

resources on the bases of efficiency and equity to achieve

balanced development.

Efficiency and equity mean the channelling of resources to

developing areas where greater economic benefits

accumulate and where there is greater need, distribution

being dependent on the practicality and urgency of needs.



19

3. Empowerment and Good Governance: Empowerment is

a precondition of informal choices. Good governance is a

necessary precondition to empowerment, as empowerment is

to good governance. These two are a defining element of

each other.




20

4. Peace and Solidarity: The cycle of poverty and conflict

goes on as the costs of war escalate in terms of various kinds

of destruction while withholding funds for basic services,

resulting in more poverty and underdevelopment.




21

5. Ecological Integrity: In general, the path towards

enhancing the integrity of the country‟s ecological domain will

have to involve heightened and sustained implementation of

environmental laws, as well as the continued pursuit of

resource conservation, and environmental

restoration/enhancement programs.




22

The enhanced CLUP Guidebook also promotes the

principles, which are consistent with the planning and

management of resources, provided for in the National

Framework for Physical Planning (NFPP) 2001-2030



23

• Food security: Utilizing the country‟s land and water

resources in a manner that provides sufficient and

affordable food products to all Filipinos of the present and

future generations through local production and/or

importation.

National Framework for Physical Planning (2001-2030), principles



24

• Environmental stability and ecological integrity:

Achieving environmental stability through the observance of

appropriate standards and ensuring ecological integrity

through effective natural resource management and

balancing the demand of land using activities vis-à-vis

preservation of ecosystems. Ensuring the proper selection

of a site to minimize the damage both to the environment

and human health (Appropriate location principle)




25

• Regional Urban Development: Encouraging the

sustainable growth of cities and large towns while

complementing the growth of rural areas by adopting

alternative development approaches.

• Spatial Integration: Linking consumption and production

areas to achieve physical and economic integration through

appropriate infrastructure systems.




26

• Equitable access to physical and natural resources:

Ensuring equitable access to resources through a just

distribution of the country‟s resources and by providing

equal opportunities to all Filipinos in the use and acquisition

of land and other resources.

• Private-public sector partnership: Encouraging shared

responsibility between the government and the private

sector in the development and management of the country‟s

physical resources.




27

• People Empowerment: Establishing pragmatic appropriate

flexible and dynamic structures or mechanisms that involve

the participation of key stakeholders.

• Recognition of the rights of indigenous people: Ensuring

the Indigenous Peoples (IPs) right to develop, control, and

use lands within their ancestral domains.




28

• Market orientation: Adopting the interplay of market forces

within the framework of ecological and intergenerational

factors as a basic parameter in the allocation and use of

physical resources.




29

The enhanced CLUP Guidebook supports and complements

the National Strategic Framework for Climate Change

(2010-2022) adopted by the Government of the Philippines as

its national strategy towards ‘ensuring and strengthening the

adaptation’ of our natural ecosystems and human

communities to climate change.



30



31

Integrated Ecosystem-based Management

• Addressing the country‟s multiple vulnerabilities to

climate change requires an integrated ecosystem-based

management approach

• which not only acknowledges the interrelationships

across the country‟s ecosystems,

• but also strengthens the integrity of decision-making

processes towards the formulation of comprehensive

adaptation strategies from ridge-to-reef.



Local Climate Change Action Plan.

• The Climate Change Act aims to systematically integrate the

concept of climate change in the policy formulation and

development plans of all units of government to prepare for

the impact of climate change.

• The Local Government Units (LGUs) have also been tasked

to formulate and implement their respective Local Climate

Change Action Plans (LCCAP) consistent with the Local

Government Code, the NFSCC and the NCCAP.



• The Climate Change Commission envisions that the LCCAP

should not represent a separate plan due to the multitude of

plans already required of the LGUs. Rather, the LCCAP as an

action plan, should be mainstreamed to the CLUP.

• Appropriate land use and land development is one of the

most concrete ways to implement CCA and DRRM, and to

harmonize these with sustainable development goals.

Local Climate Change Action Plan.



Planning Area

• The primary planning area is defined by the

cities‟/municipalities‟ political boundaries. This includes all

component barangays and the city/municipal waters

extending 15 kilometers from shoreline for coastal LGUs.



Planning Area

• Under the „ridge-to-reef‟ or integrated ecosystems

management framework, the physical coverage area of an

LGU‟s CLUP shall be referenced from the specific

watershed/sub-watershed basin area within the

municipality or city and other adjacent localities (trans-

boundary).

• Thus, the CLUP shall cover both land and water resources

of the city/municipality. However, it shall also consider other

LGUs within the boundaries of its watershed/sub-watershed

area



Were the concerned

stakeholders from various

sector involved/ engaged

in the planning process?

STEPS 1 and 2:



40

In setting the vision, was it based on the

results and findings of both baseline

conditions or level of development

achieved from the implementation of the

existing CLUP and the projection and

estimations of land use demands,

demographic projections and spatial

development patterns, climate

change/disaster risk projections,

biophysical and biodiversity conditions,

and key local resource needs and

capacities of Step 4?

STEP 3: Set the vision



41

What were the issues,

potentials and future

development needs and

spatial requirements of

the city/municipality?

Were they assessed

using both technical and

participatory methods?

STEP 4: Analyze the situation



42

Step 4: Analyze the Situation

• Sectoral and thematic studies

• Demographic/ socio-economic/ infrastructure-utilities

profile

• Coastal and marine

• Forest

• Climate change and disaster risk

• Ancestral domain




• Sectoral and thematic studies

• Heritage

• Green growth

• Urban design

• Sectoral needs/issues/problems

• Projected/future land requirements




• Assessment of natural/physical environmental

features

• Physical environmental profile

• Existing land uses (map and areas)

• Thematic and analytical maps

• Development constraints/ non-buildable areas

• Potential development areas




• Cross-sectoral analysis and integration of sectors and

land uses

• LGU potentials and comparative advantages

• Priority issues and problems

• Possible interventions



Were the formulated goals,

objectives, outcomes, and

output indicators

achievable?

Were they responsive to

the issues, needs, and

potentials, of the

city/municipality?

STEP 5: Set the goals and objective



50

Were the city/municipality‟s

vision, goals, and objectives

translated into various

development alternatives or

scenarios?

(Note: the chosen scenario or a

combination of scenarios shall

serve as a framework for detailing

the future land use plan)

STEP 6: Establish Development

Thrusts and Spatial Strategies



52

Example Strategies:

• Coastal areas

(aquaculture development)

• Urban center

(urban redevelopment/ heritage

conservation)

• Urban expansion area

(light industrial development)

• Agricultural plains

(agri-ecotourism)

• Upland forests

(conservation/eco-tourism)



Were the vision,

development thrust, and

spatial strategies translated

into a Land Use Plan that

describes physically and

spatially what, where, why,

when, and how a LGU‟s land

and water resources are

allocated within its territorial

jurisdiction (upland, lowland

and coastal)?

STEP 7: Prepare the Land Use Plan

55

Were the land and water

resources of the LGU

identified to be either under (a) protection and production

use;

(b) infrastructure;

(c) urban, and

(d) other development uses,

consistent with and

complementary to the CLUP‟s

vision, development goals, and

objectives?

STEP 7: Prepare the Land Use Plan

56

Preparing the Land Use Plan

• In allocating and detailing of land uses, the Land Use Plan

integrates the mandatory elements such as

• the transportation network,

• public facilities,

• economic development,

• ecologically critical areas, and

• natural hazards.



• The Land Use Plan specifies the features of the preferred

development thrust and spatial strategy, guided by the details

and policies governing the following:

• Growth centers and corridors

• Residential developments and basic facilities/services

• Ecological system and cultural heritage protection/conservation

• Economic development and local governance

• Infrastructure support systems

• Development intent

• Use of city/municipal waters




• All related sectoral/thematic and development plans prepared

by the LGU or national agencies shall be integrated into the

CLUP such as the following:

• Forest Land Use Plan

• Coastal Resources Management Plan

• Tourism Master Plan

• Protected Area Management Plan

• Ancestral Domain Sustainable Development and Protection Plan

• Solid Waste Management Plan

• Agriculture Development Plan, etc.




Notes:

The sectoral/thematic plans should complement and

contribute to the attainment of the strategic objectives of the

CLUP.

Land use management and zoning arrangements of these

sectoral/thematic plans should be consistent and made

compatible with the designated local land use and zoning

arrangements of the LGU.



• The proposed Land Use Map will reflect the resultant land

use proposals for the entire city/municipality, including

coastal and marine areas.

• For purposes of having a more detailed presentation, the

urban core and other urbanizing areas may be enlarged to a

bigger scale to show the detailed land uses within.

• The components of urban use areas must be clearly

specified and explicitly presented to avoid subjectivity of

interpretation.




The Land Use Plan

shall include the following:

• Proposed land and water uses

• Land and water use policies essential in physical

development

• Proposed circulation network

• Major programs/ projects



Were the zone boundaries

defined/delineated in the

map?

STEP 8: Draft the Zoning Ordinance



64

Were the development

controls and integrated

zoning arrangements (for

upland, lowland, and coastal

areas) that will govern both

public and private lands of the

LGU formulated and reflected

in a zoning map that shall

accompany the CLUP?




65

(Note: The zoning map shows

the detailed zoning/ sub-

zoning arrangements that will

govern the specific land use

categories identified in the

CLUP)




66

Base Zones refers to the primary zoning classification of areas within a City/ Municipality that are provided with “basic”

regulations such as a list of allowable uses. Usually done in conjunction with Overlay Zones

Overlay Zones - a “transparent zone” that is overlain on top of the

Base Zone or another Overlay Zone and provides an additional set

[or layer] of regulations intended to address specific objectives for

the zone in consideration.

For example, an R-2 Zone (Base Zone) will be provided with a list of

allowable uses. However, its location may be susceptible to flooding

hence “overlay” regulations, such as requiring buildings/structures to

be elevated, may be provided. This technique is useful in addressing

CCA-DRR concerns.



Base Zones

Planned Unit Development (PUD) Zones— is a form of

Cluster Zoning intended to facilitate unitarily planned or master-

planned mixed-use developments, such as commercial,

industrial and residential.

refers to the primary zoning classification of areas within a City/ Municipality that are provided with “basic”

regulations such as a list of allowable uses. Usually done in conjunction with Overlay Zones



Base Zones

• Forest and Forest Land Use Zone

-Protection

-Production

• Agricultural Zone

• Protection Agricultural Sub-Zone

• Production Agricultural Sub-Zone

• Agri-Industrial Zone

• Municipal Waters Zone

-Protection

Sub-Zones: Fishery Refuge and Sanctuary, Foreshore Land,

Mangroves, Fishery Reserve, Delta/Estuary, Lake



Base Zones

• Mineral Land Zone

• Residential Zone 1-5

• Socialized Housing Zone

• General Commercial Zone

• Commercial Zone 1-3

• Industrial Zone 1-3

• General Institutional Zone

• Tourism Zone

• Parks and Recreation Zone

• Cemetery Zone

• Buffer/Greenbelt Zone

• Utilities, Transportation, and Services

(Infrastructure/Utilities) Zone

-Production

Sub-Zones:



REFERENCES

Enhanced CLUP Guidebook, HLURB, Volume 1



73



THANK YOU!

74

environmental considerations in clup · 4/6/2017 · environmental considerations in clup ricardo...

Documents