corso di laurea magistrale -master’sdegree in · 2018-09-27 · ceramicmaterialsengineering prof....

Ceramic materials engineering

Prof. Ing. Vincenzo M. Sglavo

Corso di Laurea magistrale - Master’s Degreein

Materials and Production Engineering

Academic Year 2018-2019

www.sglavo.it

[email protected] - [email protected]

Department of Industrial Engineering

V.M. Sglavo – CerMatEng - UNITN 2018

About myself…Vincenzo M. Sglavo

• Professor of Materials Science and Technology at UNITN since 1999 (Researcher from 1989)

• Post Doctoral Fellow and Adjunct Professor at the Pennsylvania State University (USA) 1993/94 – 2001

• Member of the Italian Association of Professional Engineers

• Associate Editor of the Journal of the American Ceramic Society, International Journal of Ceramic Engineering and Science, Recent Progress in Materials, International Journal of Industrial and Operations Research

• Member of the American Ceramic Society and of the Society of Glass Technology

• Author of more than 170 scientific papers and 12 patents

• Advisor of more than 90 “laurea” thesis and of 24 PhD students

• Manager and responsible for more than 40 research projects funded by Italian and foreignprivate industries, Italian government and University of Trento

• Referee for several international scientific journals and advisor for the Italian, German, French, Austrian, Israeli, Serbian, Polish and Russian governments and for the National Science Foundation (USA) for the evaluation of research projects


About myself… (cont’d)Research interests and topics:

• Fatigue and fracture phenomena in glasses and ceramics• Chemical strengthening of glass by ion-exchange• Design and production of high strength-high reliability glasses and ceramics• Sintering of ceramics under electrical field (“flash sintering”)• Materials for Solid Oxides Fuel Cells (SOFC)• Reuse of industrial wastes for the production of new materials• Additive manufacturing (3D printing) of inorganic materials

At present:

• Tutor of 3 post-docs, 4 PhD and 4 LM students• Manager and scientific responsible for 4 applied research projects (SOFCs, chemical

strengthening of glass, E-field assisted sintering, 3D printing) funded by Italian and foreign companies and foundations

• Teacher of “Glass Engineering” (LM Materials & Production Engineering) and “Experimental Mechanics of Materials” (PhD in Materials, Mechatronics and Systems Engineering)


Ceramic materials

• Old / ancient meaning:objects for domestic useproduced by clay

• Etymological meaning:from ancient greek, keramos = vasekeramos derives from a sanskrit term meaning “to fire”keramos = fired earth

• Actual /modern meaning:solids composed of inorganic – non metallic materials


Ceramic products

• Traditional ceramics• Advanced ceramics• Glasses

EarthenwareStonewarePorcelainTechnical ceramics (steatite, refractories)Cements

Traditional glassesInnovative oxidic glasses (by sol-gel, via PVD)Non oxidic glassesGlass-ceramics


Innovative oradvanced ceramics

classified on the basis of their function, property or application

Principles of ceramics processing, 2nd edition, J. S. Reed, J. Wiley & Sons, 1995


Property Example Application

Ceramic materials: science and engineering, C.B. Carter & M.G. Norton, Springer, 2007


Why ceramics?Good combination ofhigh-performanceproperties fordemanding applications

Ceramics vs. Steel (metals) vs. Polymers

coorstek.com


Most renowned ceramics

coorstek.com

Typical nomenclature in ceramics oxides

α-Al2O3 = aluminum oxide = alumina (It. Allumìna)

SiO2 = silicon oxide = silica (It. sìlice)

CeO2 = cerium oxide = ceria (It. cèria)

ZrO2 = zirconium oxide = zirconia (It. zircònia)


New or ancient materials?

• Some earthenware objects have been produced around24.000 BC (in Czeck Republic)

• Pottery dates back 20.000 BC (China)

• Glass objects have been found in Egypt (VII milleniumBC) and in Mesopotamia (III millennium BC) VenusofVestonice

ca.24.000BC

Homosapiens

600.000 BC

Homoneanderthalensis

30.000 BC

First mesopotamiccivilizations

6.000 BC

Copper Age5.000 BC

Iron Age1.500 BC

Stone Age10.000 BC


Raw materials

• Relative abundance of chemicalelements on earth crust (“sial”)

• Minerals (oxides)silicates & alumino-silicates

“clays”

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000

400000

450000

500000

oxygen

silicon

aluminum iro

n

calcium

sodium

potassium

magnesium

titanium

hydrogen

phosphorous

manganese

Rela

tive

abun

danc

e (

ppm

)

terracottabricksporcelainearthenware….


New technologies

The American ceramic society 100 years, The American ceramic society publ., USA, 1998


A huge amount of applicationsPlease,visit ceramtec.com,redco-cermics.com,htc-ceramics.com,formceram.de,morgantechnicalceramics.com etc.


Ceramics’ market in USA & EU27

55% glass17% advanced ceramics10% traditional ceramics for domestic uses9% ceramic enamels7% refractories2% traditional ceramics for buildings

Total = $ 60x109

36% substrates for electronics, dielectrics23% other ceramics for electronics13% other12% porcelain for electrical uses8% structural ceramics and bioceramics8% optical fibres

Value (2010):€2.6 billion ($3.2 billion) in Europe$1.7 billion (€1.4 billion) in USA


Syllabus of the course

Aftercompletingthiscoursestudentswillbeableto know,compareandselectthefundamentalpropertiesandcharacteristicsofceramics fortheirspecificapplicationswithreferencetotheircomposition,microstructureandproductiontechnique.

Morespecificallystudentswillbeableto:- summarize,evaluateandselecttheproperprocessingtechnology forproducingceramiccomponents- summarize,evaluateandmodifythebehaviour andphysical/reological propertiesofpowdersystemsandcolloidalsuspensions usefultoformaceramicarticle- summarizeandanalyzethepowderssintering/densificationphenomenon eveninpresenceofspecificadditives- exemplifyandanalyzethemechanicalbehaviorandthefundamentalelectricalproperties ofceramicsasfunctionoftheircompositionandmicrostructureandsummarizethefundamentalapplications- comparethefundamentalceramicmaterialsusedinbiomedicine


Program of the course• Introduction• Basic substances and systems: oxides, silicates, carbonates; crystalline systems;

phase diagrams• Raw materials: industrial minerals and synthetic products• Powders and solvents: granulometry, surface tension, fundamental physical properties• Ceramic suspensions: double electric layer, stability of suspensions• Ceramic slurries and rheological properties: viscosity, shear resistance• Forming technologies: powder granulation, pressing, slip casting, tape casting,

extrusion, injection molding• Drying and pre-sintering processes; thermal analyses• Sintering: solid state sintering, viscous sintering, liquid

phase sintering; hot pressing; porosity evolution andgrain growth

• Furnaces for ceramics• Production of thin films and monocrystals• Mechanical properties of ceramics; toughening

mechanisms and related applications• Bioceramics• Electrical and electronic properties of ceramics

(conduction, polarization, magnetism); applications


Background “required”

• Chemistry: periodic table, chemical bonds, orbitals, solutions, acids

and bases, free energy (enthalpy & entropy), chemical reactions

• Physics: phase transition, latent heat, surface tension/energy,

viscosity

• Solid mechanics: stress/ strain, elastic modulus,

tension, bending, compression, shear

• Materials science: crystals, defects, grain

boundary, phase transitions /phase diagrams,

basic materials sample preparation, basic

characterization techniques (OM, SEM,

TEM, XRD)


Organization of the course

• Lessons / lectures (≈60 h) given with slides that will be made availablethrough the teacher’s website

• Laboratory activities (≈30 h) not mandatory – regarding the production and characterization of ceramic components (in small groups, tutors Dr. Marco Nardi & Vittorio Zanazzi) – with final written or “oral” individual report (to be finished & delivered to prof. VMS by March 31, 2019 at the latest)

Please, send (ASAP) an email to [email protected] or [email protected] (no matricola number) for future communications (absences, exams, lab activities etc.)!


Verification of learningIn order to pass the exam, the student is required to:

- complete one written test during the course (or at the exam date) includingthe resolution of practical problems, some ability questions and calculations

- produce a written laboratory activity report (to be delivered by March 31, 2019) to evaluate the acquired competences and skills on data analysis (if lab activities have been attended)

- pass a final oral exam to verify the knowledge/competences acquiredduring the course: the student is required to explain the arguments by using proper scientific/technological language, correlate, discuss and analyse the different topics of the course

The final score (grade) is the average of the three achieved scores; if the lab activity report is not provided the maximum score is 26/30


Suggestions for passing the exam…• Attend lectures and take notes*

• Read/study the notes at home and compare/go in depth throughthe suggested books (copy of specific chapters, covering the entire program, will be made available)

• Do the homeworks proposed during the semester

• Participate actively to laboratoryactivities (perform the experiments, testsand analyses, get any possible informationon raw materials - equipments- procedures, collect data and analyzethem critically)

* Unless notes are constantly and correctlytaken in class, slides’ reading is typicallynot enough!


Bibliography

• Ceramic materials: science and engineeringC.B. Carter & M.G. Norton, Springer, 2007

• Ceramic processingM.N. Rahaman, Taylor & Francis, 2007

• Introduction to ceramicsW. D. Kingery, H. K. Bowen and D. R. Uhlmann, J. Wiley & Sons, 1975

• Principles of ceramics processing, 2nd editionJ. S. Reed, J. Wiley & Sons, 1995

• An introduction to the mechanical properties of ceramicsD. J. Green, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1998

• Web sites:www.sglavo.it, www.ceramics.org, ………..


Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday08:30

Ceramic materials engineeringSglavoVincenzoMaria

AulaB105[Dipartimenti-POVO]

08:30- 11:30Lezione

09:00

09:30

Ceramic materials engineeringSglavoVincenzoMaria

AulaA212[Dipartimenti-POVO]

09:30- 12:30Lezione

10:00

10:30

11:00

11:30

12:00

14:30

15:00

15:30

16:00

16:30Ceramic materials engineering

SglavoVincenzoMariaAulaA212[Dipartimenti-

POVO]16:30- 18:30Lezione

17:00

17:30

18:00

Weekly timetableStarting ≈ November (for lab activities)


Semester program

Lab activitiesstart

Homeworksprovided

Written test

Lab activitiesfinish

DEADLINE for lab activitiy report to be

deliveredCoursebegins

corso di laurea magistrale -master’sdegree in · 2018-09-27 · ceramicmaterialsengineering prof....

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