What’s the MATTER Classify Matter

Matter, Classify Matter

At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to:

1. Classify a mixture of matter based on their physical and chemical properties

2. Characterize various types of matter

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Types of Matter

Pure Substance- Matter with a fixed composition It has distinct properties Examples = elements

compounds

Types of Matter

Mixtures- Most matter is a mixture The composition is not fixed (changes

from sample to sample) Two Types –

HomogeneousHeterogeneous

Homogeneous Mixtures Composition is uniform throughout

Solution- Particle size = 0.01 – 1 nm Doesn’t settle out upon standing Can’t be separated by filtering Doesn’t scatter light Example = salt water

Colloid- Particle size = 1 – 1000 nm Doesn’t settle out upon standing Can’t be separated by filtering Scatters light (Tyndall Effect) Examples = milk, gelatin, smoke

Homogeneous Mixtures

Heterogeneous Mixtures - Suspension The sample varies in composition,

properties and appearance No uniformity

If a suspension: Particle size is greater than 1000 nm Particles settle out upon standing Can be separated by filtration Might scatter light Examples = soil, trail mix, pond water

Don’t Let This Stuff Bite You!!!!

Let’s Look at Some Examples: Mixtures are variable combinations of 2 or

more pure substances.

Heterogeneous –visibly separate phases

Homogeneous – Same throughout

Pure substance vs. MixtureOnly ONE element has 2 or more or compound. elements/ (distilled water) compounds.

Distilled Water is a compound. an element. a solution. a mixture.

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LOGIC.

     "Because I said so, that's why."

Air is a mixture of several gases.

Name Formula amountNitrogen N2 78 % Oxygen O2 21 % Argon Ar 1 % Carbon CO2 0.03 %

Dioxide

Air is a mixture of several gases

Name Formula AmountNeon Ne 0.002 % Methane CH4 0.0002 % Helium He 0.000524 % Krypton Kr 0.000114 % Hydrogen H2 0.00005 % Xenon Xe 0.0000087 %

Atoms are NOT the same as molecules. Air and oxygen are NOT the same. Helium and hot air are NOT the same.

Helium and hot air are NOT the same.

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What’s the MATTER Classify Matter

Let’s Put it All Together in a Chart!!

Is the composition uniform?

NoYes

MATTERCan it be physically

separated?

Homo-geneous Mixture

(solution)

Hetero-geneous Mixture Compound

MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE

Yes No

Can it be chemically decomposed?

NoYes

Suspensions

Element

Colloids

Solution Solvent Solute H2O NaCl

SolVent SolUteThe chemical The chemicalin a solution in a solutionthat makes up that makes up the greatest part. the least part.

O

ER

NDER

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The seventh commandment is: “Thou shalt not admit adultery.”

Concentrationthe amount of solute

dissolved in a solvent.

SolventSolute

Low------------------- Highdilute dy loot concentrated

Solubility -how likely it is for a solute to dissolve in a solvent.

insoluble solubleLow High

Solvent

Solute

Crystal LegendCationAnionSaltWater

The Solution Process

Several Types of Solutions

Salt in water 3M HCl Seltzer water Alloys Air Humid air

Solid/liquid Liquid/liquid Gas/liquid Solid/solid Gas/gas Liquid/gas

I don’t feel so stupid now…

Matter, Classify Matter

Let’s see if you can:

1. Classify a mixture of matter based on their physical and chemical properties

2. Characterize various types of matter

Putting sand and salt together makes

a compound. an element. a mixture. a solution.

Pure Water is a compound. an element. a solution. a mixture.

Tap Water is a compound. an element. a solution. a mixture.

Familiar Saying

A beholden vessel never exceeds 212 degrees Fahrenheit.

A watched pot never boils!

An atom is to an element, as a molecule is to a

metal. nonmetal. metalloid. compound.

If different kinds of atoms are represented by different colored dots, which picture represents a

sample of a compound?

If different kinds of atoms are represented by different

colored dots, which picture below represents a mixture?

Which of the following illustrations represents a pure substance?

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Salt (NaCl) is a common substance. Salt is which of these?

atom element

compound mixture

A chocolate chip cookie is an example of a __________, because ______________.

a. compound, the ingredients are chemically bonded.

b. compound, it is the same throughout.c. mixture, you can separate out the chips.d. mixture, you cannot distinguish between

the ingredients.

Which formulas represent compounds?

O2, H2O2 CO2, H2O

H2, CO2

H2, O2

Which of the following is a compound? • oxygen • water • nitrogen • air

I don’t feel so stupid now…