Whats the matter?

Whats the matter?Matter Video 22 minhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdEmxInegfQ

Everything around you is made of Matter.

Matter anYTHING THAT HAS MASS AND TAKES UP SPACE

What are a few examples of things that ARE NOT matter?

Heat, Light, Sound-have no mass and do not take up space.

Matter has 4 States

SolidsHold their own shapeHave weightTake up space

LiquidsTake the shape of their containerHave weightTake up space

GasesSpread out to fill the entire space givenHave weightTake up space

pLasmaIs a lot like gas, but the particles are electrically chargedLightning is a plasmaPlasma also used in fluorescent light bulbs and neon lights

How can matter move from state to state?

Answer: Changes in Energy!

Particles in solidsPacked tightly togetherHave very little energy

Particles in liquidsLoosely packed togetherHave medium energy levels

Particles in GasesMove freelyHave LOTS of energy

Particle movement in the different states of matterParticles in Motion

Hold Still!http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sLSpXaokFkc

AFRO CIRCUShttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p440QWpHui8 Assign three students to each hold a poster with the three states of matter. (Solid, Liquid, Gas)When Zebra is dancing at a fast pace the person with gas poster must wave it around quickly / dance.When Zebra is dancing normal wave the liquid poster at a normal speed / slower dance.When Zebra is dancing at a slow pace wave the solid poster at a slow speed / slow motion dance.

Based on the video, which is a solid, liquid, and gas?

Liquid Gas Solid

Particles in plasmaElectrically chargedHave EXTREMELY high energy levels

Identify the 4 states of matter

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

They might be giantshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=btGu9FWSPtc

Diffusion: Random movement of molecules

Diffusion: Random movement of molecules.From high to low concentrations

Why do substances always flow from high concentrations to low concentrations?

Answer! Kinetic movement of molecules causes particles to move to open areas

Heat Diffusion through a room

Activity! Making the room smell good.Teacher WILL stand in one place and release some spray.Raise your hand when you smell it!What are the molecules doing?

Answer: The Molecules are trying to reach equilibrium

MAtter in mixturesMixtures are two or more substances which have been combined such that each substance retains its own chemical properties.Example: flour and sugar mixed together, trail mix, chex mix

Matter in COMPOUndsCompounds are two or more substances that when combined have different chemical properties than they do by themselves.Example: Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas combine to form water molecules, H2O

MixturesMay be in different phases, solid, liquid, gas, or plasma

Add or subtract energy

When we add Energy, what will happen? Why?

Solid + Energy= ?

Liquid + Energy= ?

Changing StatesThere are several names for when matter changes states:State ChangePhase ChangePhysical ChangeChanging statesAll matter can move from onestateto another. It may require extreme temperatures or extreme pressures, but it can be done.

Changing statesChemistry TermPhase ChangeFusion/MeltingFreezingVaporization/BoilingCondensationSublimationDeposition

Solid to LiquidLiquid to SolidLiquid to GasGas to LiquidSolid to Gas Gas to Solid

Are we getting something new?Ice cream and melted ice cream?Chocolate and melted chocolate?Ice, water, and vapor?Steel and molten steel?

Answer: No! These changes are only physical and do not change the chemical composition of these things (they are still made up of the same stuff)Chemical Vs. Physical changesChemical changes happen on a molecular level when you have two or more molecules that interact. Chemical changes happen when atomic bonds are broken or created during chemical reactions.Example: Water is created when a bond forms between Hydrogen and Oxygen atoms (see image below)Will learn more about atoms and bonding later

Law OF Conservation of Matter DEMO

Weigh Alka-Seltzer and water solution tablet in grams _____Weigh 100 ml of water in grams ______Pour water into sandwich size Zip-Lock bag. Predict the mass if we add Alka-Seltzer to the water bag and immediately seal the bag.Predict the mass if we add Alka-Seltzer to the water bag and dont seal the bag.

SolidLiquidGasActivity! Law Conservation of MatterSecure a birthday candle to a Petri-Dish and weigh all. Light candle on a scale and record the weight of the candle every minute for 10 minutes

Law of Conservation of Matter - In any physical or chemical change, matter is neither created nor destroyed.

Example of Law of Conservation of Matter