What’s the MATTER , part I

Matter:

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Matter is made up of building blocks:atom – smallest unit of an element.element – a pure substance made of only one kind of atom.compound – made of two or more atoms that are chemically combined.

States of Matter

Solid- Definite volume and shape Particles are tightly packed Slight expansion when heated Incompressible

Liquid- Has definite volume, but no definite

shape (assumes the shape of the container)

Particles are loosely packed (can flow) Easily expand when heated Considered incompressible

Gas- No definite shape or volume Expands to fill the container Particles are spaced far apart Compressible

FYI – Composition of Air

Name Symbol % by volume

Nitrogen N2 78.084

Oxygen O2 20.9476

Argon Ar 0.934

Carbon Dioxide CO2 0.0314

Neon Ne 0.001818

Methane CH4 0.0002

Helium He 0.000524

Krypton Kr 0.000114

Hydrogen H2 0.00005

Xenon Xe 0.0000087

Plasma- Consists of electrically charged particles It’s an ionized gas Common in space, but very rare on Earth Found in lightning, fluorescent lights and

neon signs

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Plasma

Energy Amounts in States of Matter

Solid- little energy, particles vibrate and rotate

Liquid- more energy, they move freely Gas- even more energy, move quickly Plasma- most energy, move

extremely fast

Names of Phase Changes

Solid to Liquid= Melting Liquid to Gas = Boiling/evaporation Gas to Liquid = Condensation Liquid to Solid= Freezing Solid to Gas = Sublimation Gas to Solid = Deposition

States of Matter a.k.a. Phases of Matter

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Energy

Properties of Matter

2 Types:

Extensive – depends on the amount of the sample (E AM IS)

Examples = volumemasslengthweight

Properties of Matter (cont.) Intensive – does not depend on the

amount of the sample (I AM NOT) Examples = density

melting pointboiling pointmalleabilityductilitycolorodor