What’s a

MATTER?Chapter 2

Pre-requisite

Anything that has mass and

takes up space!A. Definiton:

B. The Law of Conservation of Matter: by Antoine LaVoisier

Matter is neither created nor destroyed yet

converted from one form to the next.

C.C. The states of Matter?The states of Matter? SolidSolid

LiquidLiquid GasGas

PlasmaPlasma

Video

D. One Factor that can affect the state of matter is: Temperature

If I increase it, how will the state change?

The molecules Kinetic Energy increases.Kinetic Energy = Energy in motion

1. Celsius: Andres Celsius (1701-1744)

C= F-32 1.8

2. Fahrenheit: Gabriel Fahrenheit; (1686-1736)

3. Kelvin: The International system of Units (SI); William Thomson Lord Kelvin (1824-1907)

F=C X1.8+32F=C X1.8+32

K= K= ooC + 273C + 273

VI. Temperature Scales

Freezing water: 0oCBoiling water: 100oC

Freezing water: 32oFBoiling water: 212oF

ExampleExamples:s:

310K=___________C310K=___________C 25C=____________K25C=____________K 37C=____________K37C=____________K -62C=___________K-62C=___________K 50K=___________C50K=___________C

163C=___________K163C=___________K 75F=____________K75F=____________K

211

298

310

37

-223

436

297

K = oC + 273 oC = K - 273

C= 310-273

K= 25 + 273

C= F- 32

1.8

C= 75- 32

1.8

K= 24+ 273

= 24 oC

ABSOLUTE ZERO: 0K is = -273ABSOLUTE ZERO: 0K is = -273ooC. C.

The point at which the motion of The point at which the motion of particles of matter ceases (STOPS)!! particles of matter ceases (STOPS)!!

NO NEGATIVE K’sNO NEGATIVE K’s

So….What’s the lowest So….What’s the lowest possible temperature possible temperature

reached?reached?Write this down

STOP here!!

Changes in Matter can be Changes in Matter can be physical or chemicalphysical or chemical

A.A. Physical change:Physical change: Identity of Identity of substance substance is is NOT altered.NOT altered.

B.B. Chemical change:Chemical change: New substance New substance has has different set of different set of

properties.properties.

Changes in Matter Video clip

C. Forms of Matter

a. Element: Smallest, indivisible part of a substance

b.Compound:

When a metal and nonmetal combine by giving and taking

electrons!

Ex: Table salt

c. Molecule: When two or more nonmetals combine by sharing electrons!!

Ex: Water (H2O)

d. Mixture:

i. Homogeneous Mixture:

Visible components are all similar

d. Continuation w/Mixtues

ii . Heterogeneous Mixture:

Has visible distinction between parts

Yeah!Yeah!

Done with the Done with the

pre-requisite stuff!pre-requisite stuff!