i information systems technology ross malaga 1 "part i understanding information systems...
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Information Systems TechnologyRoss Malaga
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"Part I Understanding Information Systems Technology"
INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION SYSTEMS
TECHNOLOGY
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LEARNING GOALS• Describe the major characteristics of the digital
world.• Explain data, information, and information.• Discuss the use of information systems in
organizations.• Describe the features of working in the digital world.• Describe ethics and the ethical problems posed by the
digital world.
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Introducing Stan & BRJ
• Stan L. lives and works in a digital world– Digital house
– Digital paper
– Portable, digital communications everywhere
• Stan owns BRJ Consulting– Completely digital company
– No offices
• Stan and BRJ have a new client – the Bead Bar
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Introducing the Bead Bar
• Founded in 1998 by Meredith S.• Create your own bead jewelry
– Bead Bar provides• Beads• Wire• String
– Customer designs and constructs product with Bead Bar materials and instruction
• Three divisions– Studios – six– Franchises – five– Bead Bar on Board
• 15 full-time employees and 20 part-time• $1.5M annual revenues
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Information at the Bead Bar
• Paper forms are inefficient for the current size of the Bead Bar– Lost orders– Incorrect invoicing– Fulfillment delays
• Meredith needs a solution to bring the Bead Bar into the digital world
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The Nature of the Digital World
• Globalization
• The digitization of goods
• Speed
• The merger of products and services
• The role of ideas
• New markets and pricing
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Globalization
• The system of interconnected economies– Based on capital markets– Characterized by the use of technology
• Presents opportunities for growth• Requires an understanding of:
– Local customs– Local laws– Regulations of foreign countries
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The Digitization of Goods
• Change in format of many creative products– MP3s– DVDs– Software
• Download virus protection files automatically to protect your computer
– Digital documents• Newspapers – NY Times• Electronic library databases
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Speed
• Digital availability includes the expectation of rapid availability and delivery – Anytime– Any place
• Speed of change
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The Merger of Products and Services
• Blending of tangible products with intangible services
• The service becomes a product– OnStar
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The Role of Ideas
• New ideas at the heart of IT innovations• Digitalization makes theft much easier
– Web-site design– Digital images– Digital content
• Protection of intellectual property – Patents– Copyrights
• Digital watermarks - Digimarc
– Trademarks– Trade secrets
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New Markets and Pricing
• Digital markets have created new businesses– Travel
• Orbitz
• Expedia
– Customer-to-customer exchanges and auctions• eBay
• Yahoo auctions
– Financial• Fidelity
• eTrade
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Data versus Information
• Data – raw facts– Intel stock price – $32.375
– Temperature – 75° F.
• Information – facts within a given context– Intel stock price after the 2-1 stock split yesterday
settled at $32.375/share – now you know the number of shares and their value
– The temperature at midnight in Times Square, NYC was 75° F – NYC winter heat wave still continues
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The Value of Information
• Accuracy
• Timeliness
• Accessibility
• Engagement
• Application
• Rarity
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Information Systems
• A set of interrelated information technologies that work together to process, store, collect, and distribute information
• Major parts– Hardware– Software– Databases– Networks
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Information Systems in Organizations
• An organization is an administrative and functional structure applied to people working toward a specific goal.
• Understanding the organizations IT needs means understanding the administrative and functional structure.– Hierarchical
– Matrix
– Other
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Administrative Information Systems
• Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
• Office Automation Systems (OAS)
• Knowledge Work Systems (KWS)
• Management Information Systems (MIS)
• Decision Support Systems (DSS)
• Executive Information Systems (EIS)
• InterOrganizational Systems (IOS)
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Functional Information Systems
• Finance and Accounting Systems
• Marketing and Sales Systems
• Manufacturing and Operations Systems
• Human Resources Management Systems
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Interaction of Administrative and Functional IS
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Working in the Digital World• The digital world caused major changes in business
and in the ways individuals work.• Creation of knowledge workers
– People who create new knowledge or modify existing knowledge
– Mental not physical– Advanced education
• College degree• Professional certifications – MCSA
• Telecommuting – working from home or other remote location
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Ethics in the Digital World
• Ethics– A set of principles of right conduct– The rules or standards governing the conduct of
a person or the members of a profession
• Ethical is not always the same as legal.• Ethics in the digital world are confusing.• Legal system has not kept pace with the
technology developments.
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Major Ethical Issues in the Digital World
• Privacy– Identify theft– Sale of confidential personal information
• Intellectual Property– Old Napster
• Freedom of Speech
• Social Concerns
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Bead Bar Consultant
• How do this chapter’s issues affect the Bead Bar?– Meredith – Bead Bar combines product and service
– Suzanne – Patents and copyrights
– Leda – Trademarks
– Mitch – Globalization
– Julia – Wants to telecommute
– Miriam – Developing a virtual organization
– Rachel – Internationalization of supply chain
– Jim – HR policies for new modes of work
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Learning Goals Summary
In this chapter you have learned: The major characteristics of the digital world What data, information, and knowledge are How organizations use information systems Some of the features of working in the digital
world Ethics and the ethical problems of the digital
world