DECENTRALIZED AND INTEGRATED RESOURCE RECOVERY CENTERS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES:

By Do Thi Thanh HuyenCountry Director

Enda Vietnam

ISWA World Congress 2013Vienna

EXPERIENCES AND LESSONS LEARNT FROM QUY NHON, VIETNAM

OUTLINEOUTLINE

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Quy Nhon city

Population: 300,000

Area: 284 km²

Overview – Solid Waste Management

Total waste generation: 216 tons per day

Per capita waste generation: 0.72 kg per day

Collection rate: 86%

Organic waste: 61%

Main challenges

Existing landfill to reach capacity and scarcity for land for additional landfills

High budget spending on SWM with very little revenues derived

Existing large scale compost plant operating way below capacity, processing mixed waste

Background and context

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IRRC Project in Quy Nhon, Vietnam

A pilot IRRC was set up in 2007 in Nhon Phu ward of Quy Nhon city to process waste in a decentralized manner with community participation

IRRC, Nhon Phu Compost bags, IRRC Organic farm, IRRC

The IRRC in Nhon Phu:

has a capacity to process 2-3 tons of solid waste per day

provides waste collection services to the entire neighborhood

covering 800 households, 2 small markets and commercial shops4

IRRC Project Implementation

ENDA

People’s Commitee

UN ESCAP

WASTE CONCERN

Community mobilization activities

Capacity building and training activities

Project implementation and monitoring in coordination with all relevant stakeholders

Provide land for IRRC

Regulations/directives for collection fee and source separation

Provide grant and technical support to implement the project

Provide technical designs and support for implementation and operation

Provide training to project staff and government officials

The IRRC project in Quy Nhon is implemented by ENDA Vietnam (NGO)

with support from other partners.

PARTNERS Key Responsibilites

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IRRC Operations

The IRRC in Quy Nhon is managed and operated by a workers

cooperative. The operations are financially sustainable and the profits generated are shared between the workers.

Cooperative with six female members

Income streams of the IRRC

Sale of compost

Sale of recyclables

Collection fee

Packed compost bags for sale

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Waste sorting at source – Planning with communities participation

PRA survey and planning, Quy Nhơn

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Implementation of waste sorting at source with stakeholders participation

Inorganic wasteOrganic waste

Set up communicators

team and provide training

Conduct propaganda and Integrated

behavior change communication (IBCC)

activities

Waste sorting at non-household and

household

Separately collected and transported

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Integrated behavior change communication IBCC activities

Conduct group communication at market

Workshop to kick off the program by the City leaders

Sign board set up in key area

Poster is placed in waste transfer points Banner in the household area 9

Key Results

Social

Better income by creating stable jobs provided to urban poor women

Enhanced public health and hygiene

Better working conditions to laborers through use of protective gear

Raise community awareness of “waste is a resource”

Economic

Environmental

Clean neighborhoods and improved urban environment due to regular waste collection services

Nearly 400 tons organic waste diverted from the landfill on a monthly basis saving landfill space thanks to city-wide source-separation programme

360 tons of organic waste brought to the large scale compost plant monthly

35 tons of waste handled and processed monthly in Nhon Phu IRRC and converted into valuable resources such as compost and recyclables

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The city of Quy Nhon is extending

source separation of waste at city

wide scale. 35 tons organic waste

daily is delivered to large scale

compost plant.

A transfer station has been built in

Nhon Ly commune in Quy Nhon

to recover valuable waste from

the mixed waste stream.

Key Impact

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Wastes sorting at source was expanded to city and reduced disposal of 360 tons monthly

35 tons of organic waste processed at

IRRC monthly

5 tons of compost produced monthly

at IRRC12

The IRRC model is replicated in Kon Tum

collects waste from 1700 households and one main market

The city of Kon Tum has implemented an IRRC with the support of

ENDA, UN ESCAP and Waste Concern. The IRRC began

operations in November 2012 and:

has a capacity to process 5 tons of waste on a daily basis

Source separation in market

Source separation in households

Population: 150,767

Area: 432.12 km²

Total waste generation: 91 tons/day

Waste collection: 60-65 tons/day

Organic waste: 65%

Kon Tum

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Lessons Learnt

1. Source separation is a key factor for the success of the project

2. Financial sustainability – various factors to be considered

3. Community ownership and mobilization of resources

4. Advocate for both resource contribution and to bridge policy gaps

5. Participation and commitment of key stakeholders

6. Gender mainstreaming and social cohesion for waste workers

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Conclusions

• The model is feasible and appropriate for small communities in neighborhoods and suburban area of the cities, highly recommended for replication.

• Raise public awareness for changing perceptions and attitudes towards waste and waste workers

• SWM projects run by urban poor are recognized and supported by local governments and can be run in a profitable way offering valuable services to the community

• Creating ownership among the workers through cooperatives contributes to better performance, accountability and long term sustainability

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Way forward

Networking for replication and up scale

Integrate with the current community development fund activities for effectiveness and sustainability

Promote 3R and source separation of waste at city wide level involving all actors, especially the private sector through CSR

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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