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The Industrial Revolution, 1700-1900

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Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution greatly increased _________ of machine-made ___________ that began in _____________ in the middle 1700s.

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SECTION 1

The Beginnings

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Agricultural Revolution

Wealthy landowners buy land from village farmers and form enclosures (large fields)

Small farmers move to the cities or become tenant farmers

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Agricultural Revolution

Seed Drill - 1701 Crop Rotation

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Bigger animals = more people

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Reasons the I.R. Begins in England

More food -> bigger pop. -> more factory workers -> increased demand for cloth

water power and coal = run the machines

Iron ore = make machinesRivers = transport Harbors = tradeBank loans + good

banking system Political stability =

parliament encouraged business ventures

Factors of production -> land, labor, capital (wealth)

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Inventions (textiles)

Power loom speeds weaving

Cotton gin = remove seeds from cotton

They are big and need water power = factories by rivers

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Industrialization is the ___________ in machine-made ____________.

______________ was/were an important result of the Agricultural Revolution because ____________.

The Industrial Revolution could not have occurred without ___________ because ___________.

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1az9qIi8PCs

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Journal

1. When the Industrial Revolution began where was the region’s port?

2. Why were people from Liverpool upset with Manchester when the ship canal was built?

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SECTION 2

Industrialization - Manchester

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Think About

The factory system changed the way people lived and worked, introducing a variety of changes and problems.

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Industrialization Changes Lives

Higher wages in factories

Buy better clothesUrbanization – city

building and the movement of people to cities

Factories are built next to each other -> need to be close to sources of energy

London = 1 million people (1800)

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Living Conditions

No sanitary or building codes

No drainsCholeraNo building codesFew policemenLow life expectancy

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Working Conditions

14 hours x 6 days a week Same task over and overCoal mines were the worstWhat else was dangerous about factories?

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Who Made Money?

Upper class = factory owners, merchants, and bankers become wealthier than landowners

Middle class Upper = doctors, lawyers, managers of

factories Lower = skilled workers (toolmakers,

printers)Lower/working class = factory workers

riot as the are replaced by machines

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Luddites

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Positive Effects

JobsWealthier countriesTechnological progressHope of improvement for peopleHealthier dietsCheaper clothesMiddle class = demand for engineers and

managersLower class = gradual improvement ->

higher wages and better working conditions

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Positive Long-Term Effects

Consumer goods are cheap Living and working conditions improveTax money = govt. has money to improve

cities

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Assignment

Page 2941-8

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SECTION 3

Industrialization Spreads

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U.S.

Rivers, coal, iron ore, a large population

Americans are creative after British blockade

British mill worker (Samuel Slater) emigrates to America and “smuggles” design of a spinning machine

Textile industry in Lowell, Massachusetts

Job opportunities for women

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Sorry Britain!

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Expansion of U.S. Industry

Inventions (electric light bulb and telephone)Urban populationRailroads

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Continental Europe

Not as advanced because of Napoleonic WarsBelgium

Iron ore, coal, waterways Brits sneak in and start companies

Germany Some regions were industrialized Bismarck and railroads help unite the country

Only regions in other countries industrializedFrance – more controlledBad roads and mountains in Spain and Austria-

Hungary

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World Balance of Power Changes

Industrialized countries become wealthier

They compete with one another

Less developed parts of Asia/Africa become poorer

Poor countries supply raw materials and buy products

Imperialism – one country taking over another – develops – for resources

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Assignment

Page 299 – Questions 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8