052obh03 elo c mass diagram
DESCRIPTION
ELO C Mass DiagramTRANSCRIPT
Mass Diagram Analysis
TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE
ACTION: Perform mass diagram analysis.
CONDITIONS: In a classroom environment given a PowerPoint presentation, student handout, mass diagram, ruler and calculator (supplied by student).
STANDARDS: Performed earthwork volume calculations using mass diagram analysis .
Administrative Data
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS: No major safety requirements.
RISK ASSESSMENT LEVEL: Low
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS: No major considerations.
EVALUATION: Students will be evaluated on this block of instruction during the Horizontal Construction exam. The exam will consist of 50 questions. You must receive a score of 70 percent or above to receive a GO.
Method of analyzing earthmoving operations. It can tell Method of analyzing earthmoving operations. It can tell us:us:• Where to use certain types of equipment.Where to use certain types of equipment.• The quantities of materials needed or available.The quantities of materials needed or available.• The average haul distance.The average haul distance.• The average slope for each operation.The average slope for each operation.
What is a Mass Diagram?
It is one of the most effective engineer planning tools!
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
Mass Diagrams are plotted from the Earthwork Volume Sheet Columns 1 and 12.
This is the Mass Diagram
This is a Profile View – It shows existing and proposed elevationsat the centerline of the road.
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume 1 + 00 - 350
Station#
MassOrdinate
1 + 00
- 350
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
2 + 00 - 700
Station#
MassOrdinate
2 + 00
- 700
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
2 + 50 - 775
Station#
MassOrdinate
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
3 + 00 - 700
Station#
MassOrdinate
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
4 + 00 - 250
Station#
MassOrdinate
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
5 + 00 450
Station#
MassOrdinate
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
6 + 00 1025
Station#
MassOrdinate
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
6 + 50 1080
Station#
MassOrdinate
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
7 + 00 980
Station#
MassOrdinate
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
8 + 00 300
Station#
MassOrdinate
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
Play “Connect the Dots”
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
Are we done yet?
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
NODE 1
NODE 2
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
In a Node, the volume of cut is equal to the volume of fill.
CUTFILL
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
CUTFILL
Transition Point - Where the Mass Diagram Line changes direction.
Shows the transitionfrom cut to fill.
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
Zero Balance Line
Final Position
Final Position indicates if the project is predominately cut or fill.
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
70
60
50
80
90Elevation
Blue line is existing elevation at centerline.
Red line is finished elevation at centerline.
The amount of cut and fill are roughly balanced.
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
70
60
50
80
90
Elevation
Normally, we will “Cut High and Fill Low”
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
70
60
50
80
90
Elevation
Transition Point: Where the Existing Elevation Line and Proposed Elevation line cross.
Shows the transitionfrom cut to fill.
How do we determine where on our project the Dozers and Scrapers are going to work to maximize productivity?
PLEASE PUT THESE NUMBERS ON YOUR STRIPPER
MAXIMUM HAUL DISTANCESCrawler Tractor
(Dozer)
Scraper
Dump Truck
0 - 300 Feet
301 - 5000 Feet
5001 Feet Plus
200 ft100 ft 300 ft 500 ft400 ft
500 ccy 1000 ccy 1500 ccy 2000 ccy 2500 ccy
CAT D-7 G W/ Rippers
Operating range up to 300’
CAT 621B Scraper
Operating range 301’ to 5000’
M1090 FMTV
Operating range 5001’ and up
MASS DIAGRAM ANALYSIS
STEP 1: Determine and Draw Balance Line . STEP 1: Determine and Draw Balance Line .
STEP 2: Determine and Draw Quantity Line.STEP 2: Determine and Draw Quantity Line.
STEP 3: Determine and Draw the Average Haul STEP 3: Determine and Draw the Average Haul
Distance.Distance.
STEP 4: Determine Average Grade in Percent.STEP 4: Determine Average Grade in Percent.
STEP 5: Determine Station Locations for Cut and STEP 5: Determine Station Locations for Cut and
Fill Operations.Fill Operations.
STEP 6: Complete The Mass Diagram Analysis Sheet.STEP 6: Complete The Mass Diagram Analysis Sheet.
PERFORM STEPS 1 THRU 6 FOR THE DOZERPERFORM STEPS 1 THRU 6 FOR THE DOZER
Perform steps 1 thru 6 for the scraper.Perform steps 1 thru 6 for the scraper.
Perform steps 1 thru 6 for the dump truck. Perform steps 1 thru 6 for the dump truck.
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
STEP 1: DETERMINE AND DRAW BALANCE LINE FOR DOZER
STRIPPER100 ft 200 ft 300 ft
O’ 300’
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
STEP 1: DETERMINE ANDDRAW BALANCE LINE
STRIPPER100 ft 200 ft 300 ft
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
STEP 2: DETERMINE ANDDRAW QUANTITY LINE
Find transition point on Node
Place a vertical “tick” mark
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
STEP 2: DETERMINE ANDDRAW QUANTITY LINE
Project this line from the bottom of the Node up to the Dozer balance line.
ST
RIP
PE
R
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume 5
00
CC
Y1
00
0 C
CY
15
00
CC
Y
ST
RIP
PE
R
Quantity =500 CCY
Using your stripper as an instrument to measure VOLUME measure this line to determine the quantity of material your dozer will move.
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume Find the midpoint
of the quantity line
Make a “tick” mark
STEP 3: DRAW AND DETERMINEAVERAGE HAUL DISTANCE
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
Project the “tick mark”horizontally to bothsides of the Node.
STRIPPER100 ft 200 ft 300 ft
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
Using your stripper asan instrument to measuredistance, measure this line.
STRIPPER100 ft 200 ft 300 ft
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
Record this information outside of the Node.
STRIPPER100 ft 200 ft 300 ft
Avg. Haul 195’
This line determines your average haul distance.
STEP 4: DETERMINE AVERAGEGRADE IN PERCENT
AVG. GRADE % = AVG. CHANGE IN ELEVATION X 100 AVG. HAUL DISTANCE
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
ST
RIP
PE
R10
0 ft
200
ft30
0 ft
ST
RIP
PE
R10
0 ft
200
ft30
0 ft
ST
RIP
PE
R10
0 ft
200
ft30
0 ft
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
70
60
50
80
90
Elevation
Find the highest point in the range we just projected.
76
High = 76
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
70
60
50
80
90Elevation
Find the elevation of the transition point.
High = 76
66
Trans pt. = 66
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
70
60
50
80
90Elevation
High = 76
Trans Pt. = 66
Find the lowest point in the range we projected.
57
Low = 57
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
70
60
50
80
90Elevation
Determine Avg. High76 + 66 = 142 / 2 = 71
High = 76
Trans pt. = 66
Avg. High = 71
Determine Avg. Low.66 + 57 = 123 / 2 = 61.5
Trans pt. = 66
Low = 57
Avg. Low = 61.5
Avg. High - Avg. Low Avg. Haul Distance X 100 = % Of Grade
9.5195
= 0.0487 X 100 = 4.87 or 4.9%71 - 61.5195
=
Avg. High = 71
Avg. Low = 61.5
Avg.. Haul 195’
4.9% becomes - 4.9% WHY?
We alwayswant to pushdown hill
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
ST
RIP
PE
R10
0 ft
200
ft30
0 ft
STEP 5: DETERMINESTATION LOCATIONS FOR CUT AND FILL
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
ST
RIP
PE
R10
0 ft
200
ft30
0 ft
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
ST
RIP
PE
R10
0 ft
200
ft30
0 ft
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
Identify station numbers
3+90
2+50
0+90
3+90 2+500+90
Cut (Downhill)3+90 to 2+50
Fill (Downhill)2+50 to 0+90
Any questions on how to analyze aMass Diagram?
STEP 6: COMPLETE THE MASS DIAGRAM ANALYSIS SHEET
MASS DIAGRAM ANALYSIS SHEETLOCATIONSTATION
TYPE OFWORK
AMOUNTCCY
AVERAGEDISTANCE/
GRADE
TYPE OFEQUIPMENT
PRODUCTIONRATE
NUMBEROF UNITS
NETTIME
Page 17 of Student Handout
3+90 2+500+90
Cut (Downhill)3+90 to 2+50
Fill (Downhill)2+50 to 0+90
STEP 6: COMPLETE THE MASS DIAGRAM ANALYSIS SHEET
MASS DIAGRAM ANALYSIS SHEETLOCATIONSTATION
TYPE OFWORK
AMOUNTCCY
AVERAGEDISTANCE/
GRADE
TYPE OFEQUIPMENT
PRODUCTIONRATE
NUMBEROF UNITS
NETTIME
3+90 to2+50
CUT
2+50 to0+90
FILL
3+90 2+500+90
Quantity Line500 CCY
STEP 6: COMPLETE THE MASS DIAGRAM ANALYSIS SHEET
MASS DIAGRAM ANALYSIS SHEETLOCATIONSTATION
TYPE OFWORK
AMOUNTCCY
AVERAGEDISTANCE/
GRADE
TYPE OFEQUIPMENT
PRODUCTIONRATE
NUMBEROF UNITS
NETTIME
3+90 to2+50
CUT
2+50 to0+90
FILL
500CCY
- 4.9 % Slope
Avg. Haul 195’
STEP 6: COMPLETE THE MASS DIAGRAM ANALYSIS SHEET
MASS DIAGRAM ANALYSIS SHEETLOCATIONSTATION
TYPE OFWORK
AMOUNTCCY
AVERAGEDISTANCE/
GRADE
TYPE OFEQUIPMENT
PRODUCTIONRATE
NUMBEROF UNITS
NETTIME
3+90 to2+50
CUT
2+50 to0+90
FILL
500CCY
195 ft.- 4.9%
Dozer
Any questions on the dozer’s portion of the Mass Diagram?
STEP 1: determine and draw balance line.
STEP 2: determine and draw quantity balance line.
STEP 3: determine and draw the average haul
distance.
STEP 4: determine average grade in percent.
STEP 5: determine station locations for cut and fill
operations.
STEP 6: complete the mass diagram analysis sheet.
Perform steps 1 thru 6 for the dozer
Perform steps 1 thru 6 for the scraper.
Perform steps 1 thru 6 for the dump truck.
MASS DIAGRAM ANALYSIS
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
STEP 1: DETERMINE ANDDRAW BALANCE LINE
STRIPPER100 ft 200 ft 300 ft
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
STEP 2: DRAWAND DETERMINEQUANTITY LINE
Project the Quantity line from the Dozer balance line up to the Scraper balance line.
ST
RIP
PE
R
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
STEP 2: DRAWAND DETERMINEQUANITY LINE
Using your stripper as an instrument to measure VOLUME. Measure this new line to determine the quantity of material your scraper will move.
50
0 C
CY
10
00
CC
Y1
50
0 C
CY
300 CCY
DO NOT MEASUREANY PORTION OFTHE DOZER QUANITY LINE!
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
STEP 3: DRAW AND DETERMINE AVERAGE HAUL DISTANCE
Find the midpoint of the quantity line
Make a “tick” mark
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
STEP 3: DRAW AND DETERMINEAVERAGE HAUL DISTANCE
Project the “tick mark”horizontally to bothsides of the Node.
STRIPPER100 ft 200 ft 300 ft
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
STEP 3: DRAW AND DETERMINEAVERAGE HAUL DISTANCE
STRIPPER100 ft 200 ft 300 ft
Using your stripper asan instrument to measuredistance, measure this line.
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
STEP 3: DRAW AND DETERMINEAVERAGE HAUL DISTANCE
STRIPPER100 ft 200 ft 300 ft
Record this information outside of the Node.
Avg. Haul 360’
ST
RIP
PE
R10
0 ft
200
ft30
0 ft
STEP 4: DETERMINE AVERAGEGRADE IN PERCENT
AVG. GRADE % = AVG. CHANGE IN ELEVATION X 100 AVG. HAUL DISTANCE
ST
RIP
PE
R10
0 ft
200
ft30
0 ft
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
70
60
50
80
90Elevation
Look at the high end of the range we just projected.
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
70
60
50
80
90Elevation
Find the highest point in the high range.
79
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
70
60
50
80
90Elevation
Find the lowest point in the high range.
79
70
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
70
60
50
80
90Elevation
ADD the Highest elevation from the high range and the lowest elevation of the high range, then divide by 2 to obtain the Avg. High.
79
70
79 + 70 = 149 / 2 = 74.5 (Avg. High)
Avg. High 74.5
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
70
60
50
80
90Elevation
Look at the low end of the projected range.
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
70
60
50
80
90Elevation
Find the highest point in the low range.
Avg. High 74.5
62
Find the lowest point in the low range
56
ADD the Highest elevation from the low range and the lowest elevation of the low range, then divide by 2 to obtain the Avg. Low.
62 + 56 = 118 / 2 = 59 (Avg. Low)
Avg. Low 59
Avg. Haul 360’
74.5 - 59360
Avg. High - Avg. Low Avg. Haul Distance
X 100 = % Of Grade
15.5360
= 0.0430 X 100 = 4.30 or - 4.3%
Avg. High = 74.5
Avg. Low = 59
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
STEP 5: DETERMINE STATION LOCATIONS FOR CUT AND FILL
ST
RIP
PE
R10
0 ft
200
ft30
0 ft
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
Cut from station 4+40back to where the dozer started cutting at 3+90
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
ST
RIP
PE
R10
0 ft
200
ft30
0 ft
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
Fill from station 0+90(where the dozer stopped filling) back to 0+00
3+90 0+90
Cut (Downhill)4+40 to 3+90
Fill (Downhill)0+90 to 0+00
4+40 0+00
STEP 6: COMPLETE THE MASS STEP 6: COMPLETE THE MASS DIAGRAM ANALYSIS SHEETDIAGRAM ANALYSIS SHEET
MASS DIAGRAM ANALYSIS SHEETLOCATIONSTATION
TYPE OFWORK
AMOUNTCCY
AVERAGEDISTANCE/
GRADE
TYPE OFEQUIPMENT
PRODUCTIONRATE
NUMBEROF UNITS
NETTIME
3+90 to2+50 CUT
2+50 to0+90 FILL
500CCY
195 ft.- 4.9% Dozer
4+40 to3+90
CUT
0+90 to0+00
FILL
300 CCYAvg. Haul 360’
Avg. grade – 4.3%
STEP 6: COMPLETE THE MASS DIAGRAM ANALYSIS SHEET
MASS DIAGRAM ANALYSIS SHEETLOCATIONSTATION
TYPE OFWORK
AMOUNTCCY
AVERAGEDISTANCE/
GRADE
TYPE OFEQUIPMENT
PRODUCTIONRATE
NUMBEROF UNITS
NETTIME
3+90 to2+50 CUT
2+50 to0+90 FILL
500CCY
195 ft.- 4.9% Dozer
4+40 to3+90
CUT
0+90 to0+00 FILL
300CCY
360 ft.- 4.3%
Scraper
2 + 00 4 + 00 6 + 00 8 + 00
Station Numbers
0
- 500
- 1000
500
1000
Volume
Practical Exercise # 5Solve NODE 2
NODE 2NODE 2MASS DIAGRAM ANALYSIS SHEET
LOCATIONSTATION
TYPE OFWORK
AMOUNTCCY
AVERAGEDISTANCE/
GRADE
TYPE OFEQUIPMENT
PRODUCTIONRATE
NUMBEROF UNITS
NETTIME
4+90 to6+50
CUT
6+50 to7+85
FILL
700CCY
200 ft.- 7.0%
Dozer
4+40 to4+90
CUT
7+85 to8+28
FILL
400CCY
345 ft.- 6.7%
Scraper
Performed Mass Diagram Analysis. Drew equipment balance lines. Determined material volume. Determined average haul distance. Determined average grade. Determined station locations and equipment
placement. Questions???
LESSON SUMMARY