THE JEFFERSON ERACHAPTER 10

ELECTION OF 1800

• FEDERALISTS- JOHN ADAMS

• DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICANS- JEFFERSON

• JEFFERSON ARGUED THAT GOVERNMENT WAS GETTING OUT OF CONTROL (EX: ALIEN

SEDITION ACTS)

• FEDERALISTS ARGUED THAT THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICANS WERE RADICALS WHO WOULD

DESTROY THE COUNTRY

• JEFFERSON 73 ELECTORAL VOTES, ADAMS 65, AARON BURR 73 VOTES (TIE!!!!!!!)

TIEBREAKER

• HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HAD TO BREAK THE TIE BUT FEDERALISTS CONTROLLED IT AND

WERE GOING TO DECIDE THE WINNER BETWEEN A FEDERALIST (ADAMS) AND 2 DEMOCRATIC

REPUBLICANS (JEFFERSON AND BURR)

• IT TOOK 36 VOTES, AND JEFFERSON BECAME PRESIDENT AND BURR VP

JEFFERSON AS PRESIDENT

• WANTED LIMITED GOVERNMENT, COUNTRY TO STAY MOSTLY FARMERS, AND HANG ON TO ITS

CORE VALUES

• REDUCED NUMBER OF GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES AND SIZE OF MILITARY, LOWERED TAXES,

AND ENDED THE ALIEN AND SEDITION ACTS

• REDUCED THE COUNTRY’S DEBT

JUDICIARY ACT 1801

• PRESIDENT ADAMS APPOINTED AS MANY FEDERALIST JUDGES TO THE SUPREME COURT AS

POSSIBLE BEFORE HE LEFT OFFICE

• THIS KEPT THE JUDICIAL BRANCH CONTROLLED BY FEDERALISTS (OTHER BRANCHES

CONTROLLED BY DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICANS)

MARBURY VS MADISON

• SUPREME COURT CREATED CONCEPT OF JUDICIAL REVIEW

• COURT WOULD BE FINAL SAY ON THE MEANING OF THE CONSTITUTION

NEW STATES

• KENTUCKY AND TENNESSEE BECAME STATES IN 1800

• OHIO BECAME A STATE IN 1803

LOUISIANA PURCHASE

• PORT OF NEW ORLEANS WAS CONTROLLED BY SPANISH, THEN THE FRENCH

• FRENCH WANTED TO CLOSE THE PORT OF NEW ORLEANS TO AMERICANS WHICH BROUGHT

USA ON VERGE OF WAR WITH FRANCE

• JEFFERSON OFFERED TO BUY NEW ORLEANS AND FRANCE RESPONDED BY OFFERING THE

ENTIRE LOUISIANA TERRITORY FOR SALE (MISSISSIPPI RIVER TO ROCKY MOUNTAINS)

• NOTHING IN CONSTITUTION SAID THE PRESIDENT COULD PURCHASE LAND

• 1803, USA PURCHASED THE ENTIRE LOUISIANA TERRITORY FOR $15 MILLION (3 CENTS/ACRE)

• THIS PURCHASE DOUBLED THE SIZE OF THE USA

LEWIS AND CLARK

• EXPLORED THE AMERICAN WEST BEGINNING IN 1803 AFTER THE LA PURCHASE

• AIDED BY A NATIVE AMERICAN WOMAN, SACAGAWEA

• HELPED TRANSLATE WITH NATIVE AMERICANS THEY CAME ACROSS

• ALSO HELPED THE NATIVE AMERICANS BELIEVE THEY CAME IN PEACE

• DOCUMENTED THE PEOPLE, ANIMALS, PLANTS, ETC THAT THEY SAW AND CREATED MAPS OF

THE NEW TERRITORY

ZEBULON PIKE

• LED A SOUTHERN EXPLORATION OF LA TERRITORY

• NOT AS ACCURATE AS THE LEWIS AND CLARK EXPEDITION

ROAD TO WAR

• ENGLAND AND FRANCE WERE AT WAR WITH EACH OTHER BEGINNING IN 1803

• BOTH COUNTRIES SEIZED AMERICAN SHIPS HEADED TO THEIR ENEMY

• BRITISH NAVY NEEDED SAILORS SO BADLY THAT THEY USED IMPRESSMENT (KIDNAPPED US

SAILORS AND FORCED THEM INTO THE BRITISH NAVY)

EMBARGO ACT OF 1807

• BANNED US SHIPS FROM TRADING IN FOREIGN PORTS

• STARTED TO DESTROY THE AMERICAN ECONOMY

NATIVE AMERICAN TROUBLES

• TECUMSEH WANTED TO UNITE THE NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES TO STOP THE AMERICANS FROM

STEALING THEIR LANDS

• WILLIAMS HENRY HARRISON, GOVERNOR OF INDIANNA TERRITORY SIGNED DEAL WITH SOME

OF THE NATIVE AMERICANS TO BUY 3 MILLION ACRES OF LAND

• TECUMSEH DIDN’T FOLLOW THIS, SAYING ALL THE TRIBES HAD TO AGREE FOR THIS TO HAPPEN

WAR OF 1812

• WAR HAWKS-PEOPLE WHO CALLED FOR WAR WITH BRITISH

• CONGRESS DECLARED WAR ON BRITISH JUNE 1812

• FROM 1812-1814 THE BRITISH JUST SENT SHIPS TO BLOCK AMERICAN SHIPS AND HURT

AMERICAN TRADE (BRITISH WERE FIGHTING FRENCH AT THE TIME)

• AMERICAN ARMY AND NAVY WERE SMALL AND UNPREPARED FOR WAR DUE THE CUTS MADE

BY JEFFERSON

BATTLE OF LAKE ERIE

• NAVY BATTLE

• AMERICANS LED BY OLIVER HAZARD PERRY

• DURING BATTLE, PERRY SHIP WAS DESTROYED, HE ROWED TO ANOTHER SHIP AND CONTINUED

THE BATTLE, FORCING THE BRITISH TO SURRENDER

BATTLE OF THE THAMES (OCTOBER 1813)

• GENERAL WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON LED HIS FORCES INTO BRITISH CANADA

• TECUMSEH DIED DURING THIS BATTLE, FIGHTING FOR THE BRITISH

BRITISH ATTACK WASHINGTON DC

• BRITISH BURNED THE CAPITOL AND THE WHITE HOUSE AND CAPTURED WASHINGTON DC

BATTLE OF FORT MCHENRY

• STAR SPANGLED BANNER WRITTEN BY FRANCIS SCOTT KEY DESCRIBING HIS EYE WITNESS

ACCOUNT OF THE BATTLE

BATTLE OF NEW ORLEANS

• AMERICANS LED BY ANDREW JACKSON

• AMERICANS WON

• BRITISH HAD 2500 CASUALTIES AND AMERICANS HAD 71

• WAR HAD ENDED 2 WEEKS BEFORE BATTLE WAS OVER AND THE SOLDIERS NEVER KNEW

IMPACT OF THE WAR OF 1812

• INCREASED AMERICAN PATRIOTISM

• BROKE THE STRENGTH OF THE NATIVE AMERICANS

• INCREASED AMERICAN MANUFACTURING AND MADE US LESS RELIANT ON FOREIGN MADE

PRODUCTS