the industrial revolution why britain? why then?
TRANSCRIPT
The Industrial Revolution
Why Britain?
Why then?
Causes:1. Expanding Atlantic economy and British Empire
2. Favorable Natural Conditions
Coal
Iron
Waterways
3. Agricultural Revolution, 1700-1800
Jethro Tull, 1674-1741
First Modern Farmer
Invented seed drill
Seed Drill
Agricultural Rev. (cont.)
Enclosures
Crop rotation system
Improvement became the goal
Agricultural Rev. (cont.)
Led to:More efficient food production
Cheaper foodMore disposable income
Less workers needed in rural areas
4. Political conditions
Constitutional Monarchy
Relative Stability
Economic growth
5. Legal conditions
No internal tarrifsPatent law encouraged
invention
6. Financial Conditions
Effective central bank(1694)
Well-develop credit markets
Plenty of capital
7. Proto-industry
Putting-out system or cottage industry
Division of labor
8. Major technological advances
Cotton is king!
1760s - James Hargreaves invented Spinning Jenny
1760s - Richard Arkwright invented Water Frame
1779 - Samuel Crompton invented the Spinning Mule
8. Major technological advances
1770s: Arkwright also developed the Factory System:
One roof
Central source of power
Division of Labor
8. Major technological advances (cont.)
Steam Power:
1698: Thomas Savery invented a steam engine
1712: Thomas Newcomen invented a steam engine
1765: James Watt greatly improved Newcomen engine
1820s: Railroads: George Stephenson’s Rocket