teledyne api model 602 beta plus particle measurement system
TRANSCRIPT
Evaluation of Simultaneous PMEvaluation of Simultaneous PM1010, PM, PM2.52.5, and PM, and PM10-2.510-2.5 Measurements Conducted in Bakersfield, CA with Measurements Conducted in Bakersfield, CA with
the Teledyne-API Model 602 Betathe Teledyne-API Model 602 BetaPLUSPLUS Particle Particle Measurement System Measurement System
Stephen Toner, Ph.D.
March 10, 2011
2011 EPA National Air Quality ConferenceSan Diego, CA
Senior Chemist & Development Engineer at Teledyne - API
Outline
• The Teledyne-API Model 602 BetaPLUS
• Overview• Features
• EPA FEM Candidate Trials• Designations & Site Selection• Summer 2010 in Bakersfield, CA• Winter 2010/2011 in Bakersfield, CA
• Conclusions & Future Directions
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
Learn more at booth #29
Teledyne-API Model 602 BetaPLUS
• Two independent sampling channels• Sequential sampling onto 47mm diameter
filter discs• A single beta attenuation mass
measurement sensor• Sampling and analysis occur independently
• Long sampling times – 59 min / hour• Long analysis times – high precision
• Complete remote communications / instrument control & internal DAS
• US EPA FEM Candidate for PM10, PM2.5, and PM10-2.5
• 16.7 lpm flow rate – different inlet configs
Instrument Overview
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
Teledyne-API Model 602 BetaPLUS
• Rotating plate filter holder design (3 processes)• Step 1: Filter Loading / Unloading• Step 2: Filter Sampling• Step 3: Filter Analysis
• Additional reference filter positions • Mass calibration reference standards (R1, R2)• “Spy filters” for repeated blank reference
• Multiple step analysis process• Air Counts• Dark Counts• Blank Counts• Natural Counts• Collect Counts
Mass Measurement System
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
Teledyne-API Model 602 BetaPLUS
1. Two Independent Sampling Lines Combined with Internal Automated Mass Measurement• US EPA Candidate FEM for PM10, PM2.5, PMC all in one instrument
2. Multi-step Mass Analysis Process incorporate “Spy filters” resulting in High Performance beta method• Independently measures beta attenuation due to fluctuations in:
1. Air Density2. Humidity3. Filter Blank4. Naturally occurring radioactivity (Radon daughters)5. Radioactive source 6. Detector power supply
3. Preserved 47mm Filter Samples for Subsequent Analysis• Off –line analysis of sample filters: Metals, OC/EC, Black Carbon,
Sulfates, etc.
Key Features
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
Teledyne-API Model 602 BetaPLUS
• Europe: MCerts, TÜV– EN12341-1999 (PM10)
– EN14907-2005 (PM2.5)– Completed in 2009
• United States EPA– US EPA Candidate FEM (PM10, PM2.5, PMC)– Underway, two tests complete– Scheduled completion in 2011
Regulatory Certifications
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
EPA FEM Candidacy Trials
• PM2.5 Class III FEM
• PM10-2.5 Class III FEM
• PM10 FEM
• Five Tests• Four locations
40 CFR Part 53
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
EPA FEM Candidacy Trials
• PM2.5 Class III FEM
• PM10-2.5 Class III FEM
• PM10 FEM
• Five Tests• Four locations
40 CFR Part 53
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
EPA FEM Candidacy Trials – Bakersfield, CA
• Summer• Hot, dusty, and can have several days of low PM2.5 concentrations• Semivolatiles condense onto particles at night if temperatures are cool enough
• Winter• Cool days and cold nights with high humidity
• Dense fog events are very common and can last several days• can be problematic with filter media
• High levels of semivolatile organic species as well as ammonium nitrate• Need to be careful with indoor shelter temperature and line insulation
Bakersfield, CA is the ideal test site for Column A in the previous table
The Challenges of Bakersfield
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
EPA FEM Candidacy Trials – Bakersfield, CA
• (3) Three Model 602 Instrument Inlets
• (3) BGI PQ200 Model PM10 FRM Samplers
• (3) BGI PQ200 Model PM2.5 FRM Samplers
• Two Seasons• Summer (23 days)• Winter (23 days)
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
EPA FEM Candidacy Trials – Bakersfield, CA
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
EPA FEM Candidacy Trials – Bakersfield, CA
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
EPA FEM Candidacy Trials – Bakersfield, CA Summer
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
EPA FEM Candidacy Trials – Bakersfield, CA Winter
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
EPA FEM Candidacy Trials – Bakersfield, CA Summer
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
EPA FEM Candidacy Trials – Bakersfield, CA Winter
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
EPA FEM Candidacy Trials – Bakersfield, CA Summer
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
EPA FEM Candidacy Trials – Bakersfield, CA Winter
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
EPA FEM Candidacy Trials – Bakersfield, CA Summer
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
EPA FEM Candidacy Trials – Bakersfield, CA Winter
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
EPA FEM Candidacy Trials – Bakersfield, CA
PM2.5 ResultsData set mean, μg/m3 Data set precision, μg/m3 Relative precision (CV)
Precision FRM Candidate FRM Candidate FRM CandidateMean: 14.4 13.5 0.3 0.5 2.4% 4.2%
Maximum: 38.2 34.9 2.9 3.4 10.2% 19.0%Minimum: 3.3 2.8 0.0 0.1 0.0% 0.8%
Candidate / FRM Ratio: 93.9% 161.6% 173.5%
RMS Relative Precision for this site: 3.2% 5.2%10.0% 15.0%
Precision Test Results for site: OK PASS Test requirements - PM2.5 Class III:
Slope1 Intercept2 Correlation (r)Statistics for this test site: 0.924 0.219 0.99073
Upper: 1.100 2.000Lower: 0.900 -0.957 0.95000
PASS PASS PASSTest Results (Pass/Fail):
Regression statistics
PM2.5 Class IIILimits for
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
0 10 20 30 40 50
Can
dida
te m
etho
d co
ncen
trat
ion,
ug/
m3
FRM concentration, ug/m3
Comparability of Candidate and FRM Methods*
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2
Inte
rcep
t, ug
/m3
Slope
Data Set Slope and Intercept, and Limits
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
EPA FEM Candidacy Trials – Bakersfield, CA
PMC ResultsData set mean, μg/m3 Data set precision, μg/m3 Relative precision (CV)
Precision FRM Candidate FRM Candidate FRM CandidateMean: 31.0 30.0 1.1 1.1 3.7% 4.6%
Maximum: 63.1 63.0 3.6 4.4 11.6% 18.6%Minimum: 4.2 4.7 0.1 0.3 0.2% 0.8%
Candidate / FRM Ratio: 96.8% 104.7% 126.5%
RMS Relative Precision for this site: 4.5% 6.0%10.0% 15.0%
Precision Test Results for site: OK PASS Test requirements - PM10-2.5 Class III:
Slope1 Intercept2 Correlation (r)Statistics for this test site: 0.934 1.043 0.99229
Upper: 1.120 7.000Lower: 0.880 -6.961 0.93536
PASS PASS PASSTest Results (Pass/Fail):
Regression statistics
PM10-2.5 Class IIILimits for
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 20 40 60 80
Can
dida
te m
etho
d co
ncen
trat
ion,
ug/
m3
FRM concentration, ug/m3
Comparability of Candidate and FRM Methods*
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2
Inte
rcep
t, ug
/m3
Slope
Data Set Slope and Intercept, and Limits
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
PM10 Results
EPA FEM Candidacy Trials – Bakersfield, CAData set mean, μg/m3 Data set precision, μg/m3 Relative precision (CV)
Precision FRM Candidate FRM Candidate FRM CandidateMean: 43.5 42.2 1.0 1.2 2.4% 3.2%
Maximum: 83.5 83.3 3.7 2.4 7.5% 7.4%Minimum: 8.5 7.7 0.1 0.2 0.2% 0.6%
Candidate / FRM Ratio: 97.1% 119.6% 132.6%
RMS Relative Precision for this site: 3.0% 3.6%10.0% 10.0%
Precision Test Results for site: OK PASS Test Requirements - PM10
Slope1 Intercept2 Correlation (r)Statistics for this test site: 0.959 0.493 0.99266
Upper: 1.100 5.000Lower: 0.900 -5.000 0.93000
PASS PASS PASSTest Results (Pass/Fail):
Regression statistics
PM10Limits for
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0 20 40 60 80 100
Can
dida
te m
etho
d co
ncen
trat
ion,
ug/
m3
FRM concentration, ug/m3
Comparability of Candidate and FRM Methods*
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2
Inte
rcep
t, ug
/m3
Slope
Data Set Slope and Intercept, and Limits
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
Conclusions
Teledyne API Model 602 BetaPLUS Particle Measurement System
•Summer and Winter Data in Bakersfield, CA meets the EPA FEM precision & accuracy criteria •Provides hourly measurements of PM10, PM2.5, and PM10-2.5
•Very little downtime• Samples 59 minutes of each hour
• High precision PM10, PM2.5, and PM10-2.5 1-hr data
• Good accuracy & precision when comparing to FRM data
•Optimal performance in high humidity & rainy weather conditions© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
Future Directions
• Complete EPA FEM Candidacy Trials• One more Summer location• Two more Winter locations • Will finalize testing in 2011
•Run side-by-side comparisons with other EPA designated FEM’s for PM10 & PM2.5
• Will also have FRM data for comparison
• Run comparisons in varying weather conditions & chemical compositions
• High temp / low temp• High RH / Low RH
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
Acknowledgements
• Teledyne – API- Eric Holden - Robin Becker- Tim Morphy - Jeff Franks
- California Air Resources Board (CARB)- Debbie Henson - Ken Stroud- Phil Powers
-Inter-Mountain Labs (IML)- Mary Hininger - Kevin Chartier
- FAI Instruments- Roberto Ferrera - Antonio Febo- Enrico Bompadre - Antonio Imperatore
- Frank McElroy- Tom Merrifield
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
Thank You
Please visit Booth #29 to learn more
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.
Teledyne-API Model 602 BetaPLUS
Item Hourly Mode Multi-Mode
Sampling Period 1 Hour 8-12-24-48-72 HoursFilter Cartridges 47 mm dia. 47 mm dia.Spot Size 0.95 cm² 2.54, 5.2, 7.07, 11.95 cm²Filter Media Quartz, Glass Quartz, Glass, PTFEFilter Capacity 96 CartridgesRange Up to 10 mg/m3
Detection Limit < 4 µg/m3 (1hr), 0.3 µg/m3 (24 hr)Flow Rate 16.7 LPM, adjustable 14 to 41 LPM Flow Accuracy + 1%Flow Stability + 0.5% (Typical)Flow Control Servo-Controlled ValveMass Measurement Beta Attenuation using 14C (less than
100µCi) with Geiger Muller detector Weight 64 kg. (141 lbs.)Power Consumption 1200 W
Specifications
© 2011 Teledyne - Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc.