step 1: collecting, organizing, & analyzing school data step 2: identifying core values,...
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STEP 1:STEP 1:
Collecting, Collecting, Organizing, & Organizing, & Analyzing School Analyzing School DataData
STEP 2:STEP 2:
Identifying Identifying Core Values, Core Values, Crafting the Crafting the School’s School’s Vision, Vision, MissionMission
STEP 3:STEP 3:
Determining Determining School Goals School Goals & Objectives& Objectives
Plan Plan ImplementationImplementation
SIP SIP Planning Planning
CycleCycle
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Planning Planning should be should be
based on an based on an objective objective
analysis of the analysis of the current school current school
situation. situation. A wrong A wrong assessment of assessment of
the situation the situation leads to wrong leads to wrong interventions.interventions.
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What do we need as a tool to What do we need as a tool to help us in the Situation Analysis help us in the Situation Analysis process?process?
Several tool and approaches are made available to us to consider, however, we need a tool that enables us to facilitate the:
• identification of problems;
•determination of the causal relationship between problems; and
• identification of goals and objectives .
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SWOT
PROBLEM ANALYSIS
STREAMS ANALYSIS
A situation analysis approach that A situation analysis approach that surfaces the various internal surfaces the various internal strengthsstrengths and and weaknessesweaknesses and external and external opportunitiesopportunities and and threatsthreats that might that might affect an organizationaffect an organization
A situation analysis approach that A situation analysis approach that surfaces problems faced by an surfaces problems faced by an organization/project; facilitates the organization/project; facilitates the determination of the determination of the causal relationship causal relationship of problemsof problems. It produces a PROBLEM . It produces a PROBLEM TREE.TREE.An organizational development technique An organizational development technique which facilitates the identification of which facilitates the identification of problems and their determination of problems and their determination of causal relationship. causal relationship. Problems are Problems are arranged into core areas of organizational arranged into core areas of organizational operations called streamsoperations called streams. It produces a . It produces a STREAMS DIAGNOSTIC CHART.STREAMS DIAGNOSTIC CHART.
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PROBLEM ANALYSIS
STREAMS ANALYSIS
Facilitates the Facilitates the identification of identification of problems problems
Facilitates the Facilitates the categorization of categorization of problems problems
Facilitates the Facilitates the determination of determination of causal relationship causal relationship among problemsamong problems
Keen on ensuring Keen on ensuring logical, hierarchical logical, hierarchical connections are connections are made made
Output is visually Output is visually appealingappealing
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Streams AnalysisStreams Analysis
It is an organizational development technique which enables the school team to determine causal relationships of existing problems in the school.
Organizations, just like Organizations, just like schools, have core areas of schools, have core areas of operations that could be operations that could be considered as streams.considered as streams.
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The headingsheadings in the Data Interpretation Template can be considered as core areas of school operations.
Streams AnalysisStreams Analysis
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Provision of Provision of AccessAccess •Personnel
•Learning Materials and Equipment
•Physical and Ancillary Services
•Others
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Quality & Quality & RelevanceRelevance •Learner
Performance
•Curriculum Implementation/ Instructional Delivery
•Staff Development
•Others
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Management & Management & AdministrationAdministration
•Stakeholders’ Participation
•Instructional Supervision
•Environment
•Management and Administration
•OthersPerformance Performance IndicatorsIndicators
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Let us deepen our analysis of our school’s current situation using the Streams Streams AnalysisAnalysis approach.
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Steps in Streams AnalysisSteps in Streams AnalysisSteps in Streams AnalysisSteps in Streams Analysis
Identify Identify problemsproblems in in each of the streamseach of the streams
A problem is a situation which is dissatisfying and falls short of the expectations & objectives of a specific group of people.
They should be formulated as existing negative situationsexisting negative situations and not as an absence of solutions.not as an absence of solutions.
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Data Inferenc
es
Data Inferenc
es
Positive Inferenc
es
Positive Inferenc
es
Negative Inferenc
es
Negative Inferenc
es
Enrolment is Enrolment is increasingincreasing
Student Student achievement is achievement is
at 50 MPS and is at 50 MPS and is below the below the national national
standard by 25 standard by 25 MPSMPS
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Refrain from stating problems as “Lack of…” or “No…” or “Absence of …” or “Inadequate…” or “Insufficient…”
Instead describe the describe the situationsituation which causes the lack of or the absence of something .
In stating a Problem…In stating a Problem…
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Refrain from making judgmentjudgment statements as they are vague and evaluative in nature.
The SRC should be used to identify problems.
In stating a Problem…In stating a Problem…
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Refrain from making two or more problems co-exist in a single problem statement.
In stating a Problem…In stating a Problem…
High absenteeism High absenteeism raterate
High absenteeism High absenteeism raterate
Heavy rainfallHeavy rainfallHeavy rainfallHeavy rainfall
River overflows River overflows River overflows River overflows
High absenteeism High absenteeism rate due to heavy rate due to heavy
rainfall which rainfall which causes the river causes the river
to overflowto overflow
High absenteeism High absenteeism rate due to heavy rate due to heavy
rainfall which rainfall which causes the river causes the river
to overflowto overflow
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Refrain from phrasing interventions as problems.
In stating a Problem…In stating a Problem…
Instead describe the describe the situationsituation why there is a need for such intervention.
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When unsure with the dataWhen unsure with the data
The current pupil The current pupil achievement is at 40 achievement is at 40 MPS which is below MPS which is below
the national the national standard of 75 MPS standard of 75 MPS
by 30 MPSby 30 MPS
Place a border on the metacard
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Organize problems in streamsOrganize problems in streams
Provision of Access
Quality & Relevance
Management & Administration Performance
Indicators
A1 A2 A3 An A1 A2 A3 An A1 A2 A3 An
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Activity Point Activity Point
1. Based on the inferences made, identify problems experienced by the school.
2. Write problems in metacards following these rules:
• One idea, one cardOne idea, one card
• Capital letters onlyCapital letters only
• Take an outsider’s perspectiveTake an outsider’s perspective
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Simple Drop-out RateSimple Drop-out Rate is at 3.48% which is higher than the national standard of 0%
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Simple Drop-out RateSimple Drop-out Rate is at 3.48% which is higher than the national standard of 0%
__% of learners are absent during harvest season to help as extra farm hands.
Teachers’ teaching strategies are not learner-differentiated.
Lax enforcement of ordinance regulating operation of video/computer shops within __ kms from the school.
___ percentage of learner absenteeism
PLACE METACARDS APPROPRIATELY IN THE STREAMS DIAGNOSTIC CHART
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Steps in Streams AnalysisSteps in Streams AnalysisSteps in Streams AnalysisSteps in Streams Analysis
Validate Validate problemsproblems in in each of the streams.each of the streams.
Ask group members to present their outputs. Other SPT members may clarify, add, or remove problems initially identified by the group.
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Steps in Streams AnalysisSteps in Streams AnalysisSteps in Streams AnalysisSteps in Streams Analysis
PrioritizePrioritize problems per problems per stream using the Pair-wise stream using the Pair-wise method.method.
Pair-wisePair-wise is simple prioritizing method that puts premium on group consensus and the collective understanding of the members of the team about the problems they face.
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Step 1:
Place identified problems per stream in the Pair-wise Matrix.
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Problems
1Insufficient classrooms
to accommodate enrollees
2 Dilapidated classrooms
3Problem n
1.Insufficient classrooms to accommodate enrollees
2. Dilapidated classrooms
3. Problem n
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Step Step 2:2:
Pair-off intersecting problems.
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Problems
1Insufficient classrooms
to accommodate enrollees
2Dilapidated classrooms
3Problem n
1.Insufficient classrooms to accommodate enrollees
1 1
2. Dilapidated classrooms 1 3
3. Problem n 1 3
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Step 3Step 3::
Count frequency and rank each problem.
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Problems Frequency
Rank
1.Insufficient classrooms to accommodate enrollees
04 1
2. Dilapidated classrooms 00 3
3. Problem 02 2
Arrange problems in each stream following the prioritization.
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1.Prioritize problems identified per streams using the Pair-wise approach.
2.Arrange problems in each stream according to priority.
Activity Point Activity Point
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Steps in Streams AnalysisSteps in Streams AnalysisSteps in Streams AnalysisSteps in Streams Analysis
Identify Identify cause-and-effectcause-and-effect relationship of problems.relationship of problems.
Determine which problem drives another problem.
An arrow “directed outwarddirected outward” is drawn from the problem that has caused the other problem.
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Provision of Access
Quality & Relevance
Management & Administration Performance
Indicators
A1 A2 A3 An A1 A2 A3 An A1 A2 A3 An
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Let’s have a demonstration example.
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• Determine the causal relationship of problems identified “within” and “across” streams.
Activity Point Activity Point
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STREAMS ANALYSIS TREE CHECKLIST
Questions YES NO Comments
Are statements negatively stated?
Are problems identified real i.e. are these problems backed by data?
Are problems placed in the appropriate streams?
Do problems describe a real situation?
Are the directions of the arrows correct?
Yes
No