AUTOMATED CONSTRUCTION BY

CONTOUR CRAFTING

Prepared by Surya C.DME CEMNIT

Contents

•Introduction•Contour crafting•Application in construction•Characteristics of contour crafting•Alternative robotics approach•Applications•Comparison•Conclusion

Introduction

Growth of Automation in the construction

field has slow due to following reasons

• Unsuitability of available automated fabrication

for large scale projects

• Conventional design approaches that are not

suitable for automation

• Smaller ratio of production quantity as compared

with other industries

• Limitations in the materials used

• Expense of automated equipment

• Managerial issues

Serious problems in the construction industry

• Labor efficiency is low

• Accident rate at construction site is high

• Work quality is low

• Control of construction site is insufficient and difficult

• Skilled work force is vanishing.

Cont…

Contour crafting

CC is an additive fabrication technology by using computer control

CC is a layered fabrication method which combines ancient surface forming concepts with modern robotics technology

Cont…

• A single house or colony of houses each with possibly different design may be automatically constructed in a single run by the help of computer control.

• Conduits for electrical, plumbing and air conditioning are embedded in cc construction.

• It provides better surface quality & high speed fabrication

Application in construction

Construction of conventional building Construction of adobe building

Characteristics of CC1. Design Flexibility

2. Multiple materials

3. Paint ready surfaces

4. Automated tiling of floors and walls

5. Automated reinforcement

6. Automated plumbing and electrical works

1. Design flexibility

• Provides Flexibility while designing structures.

• Functional and exotic architectural geometries

• Difficult to construct using traditional construction techniques

2. Automated painting

• By spray paint nozzles

Gives good textured surface

3. Automatic tiling of floors and walls

4. Automated reinforcement

Metal coil placed on the top layer A fresh layer of extrudate cover the coil

a).For ordinary buildings Coil Reinforcement

5.Automated plumbing

For every so many layers plumbing modules which have solder in the inner rim are assembled. Joints are made by electric heater which melts the solder.

6.Automated Electrical & Communication utilities

Conductive elements for power and

communication lines are imbedded

in polymeric blocks and are

assembled robotically to form

the desired electrical and

communication networks.

Applications

• Applications in emergency houses

• Low income housing

• Commercial application

Applications in emergency housing

• Can deliver houses to disaster victims very rapidly. • 200 sq. foot house in less than 24 hours.

• Uses in-situ construction materials, saving the time and cost.

• Automated process, labor needs are minimized.

Low income housing

It can reduce cost of financing by reducing the duration of project.

Can reduce the cost of materials, because it is waste less process.

Can reduce the labor cost.

Can save the life of labors, because it is very safe method of construction

Portion Due to If automated by CC

20-25% Financing Short produced length

25-30% Materials Will be a waste less process

45-55% Labor Will be significantly

reduced

What constitutes construction cost?

Comparison

–Traditional System

Mixing, transporting and placing of concrete

Truck mixing is used mostly

Concrete is transported through belt conveyors, buckets and chutes depending on site and structure design

Continue…

• Using CC system

First layer of concrete is poured to a height of 5 inches. Successive layer are poured on the top of the previous layer after an

hour The one hour delay is sufficient to control the lateral pressure of the

concrete by following it to cure and harden A 10 foot high wall can be erected in a day considering the one hour

delay after each layer The time delay for the concrete hardening can be adjusted using

chemical accelerators

Conclusion

Entire neighborhood can be built At a fraction of time At a fraction of cost For more safely With ultimate architectural flexibility and highest

precision Without wastage of raw materials Without CO2 emission

REFERENCE

• Journals 1. Warsazwiski,&R. Navon, “ Implementation of robotics in

building: current status and future prospects “,Journal construction engineering and Management,

2. Koshnevis, R.Russel, H.Know “ contour crafting a layered fabrication technique”

Websites 1.www.contourcrafting.org 2.www.rcf.ucs.edu 3. www.wikipedia.com

Thank you