f lSociety of  American Military Engineers

October 2010 MeetingOctober 2010 Meeting

Society of American Military Engineersy y gOctober 2010

Haiti Emergency M RManagement Response 

St tStatus

William E Smiley JrWilliam E Smiley, JrChief Emergency Management and Security Office

US Army Cops of Engineers, Tulsa DistrictExperience: Federal Government “Lifer” 24 Years of Emergency ManagementExperience: Federal Government  Lifer.  24 Years of Emergency Management Experience. 14yrs Specialist, 10 years Manager.  18 Major Events. Mass Casualty, Hazardous Materials (including Nuclear).  Military Planner. Military Nuclear Surety Ground and Weapons Safety Inspector, First Sergeant, Wing Safety Superintendent, Military Maintenance Operations Manager . Started in EM with the DCG’s in USAF. First EM Experience AC Crash, 17 People on board. 1988 Dyes AFB KC‐135. 

St th Milit d Ci ili EM Pl i C b t O ti Pl i dStrengths: Military and Civilian EM Planning, Combat Operations Planning and Maintenance Operations Execution, Emergency Response Teams.

Scope: Nation Wide Environmental State of Ohio ANG EM Manufacturing FederalScope:  Nation Wide Environmental, State of Ohio ANG EM, Manufacturing, Federal Government. ESF8‐VA, ESF3‐USRetired Military USAF E8,1st Sgt. Military GWOT 05.  National VA Working Groups for EM site assessments. 

Corps at Work

The Corps' first formal disaster relief mission

Corps at Work

The Corps  first formal disaster relief mission was during the Mississippi Flood of 1882, when it supported Army Quartermaster Corps' efforts to rescue people and property. Army engineers played a critical role in responding to the Johnstown, Pennsylvania, flood of 1889 and the San Francisco earthquake of 1906earthquake of 1906. 

By the 1980s the Corps' mission had expanded from flood fighting to other hazards. Consequently, the Corps established an emergency management program. 

Where the Haiti is Haiti?

Haiti shares the island of Hispaniola with the Dominican Republic.

10 Departments, by 41, by 13310 Departments, by 41, by 133

Haiti Facts•GDP per capita: $1,400•Labor Force: 3.6 million note: shortage of skilled labor, unskilled labor abundant•Exports: $491 million (70% to US). Apparel, oil, cocoa, coffee and mangoes.•External Debt: $1.463 billion•Size: 10,714 Square Miles. (OK‐69,898)•Population: 10 Million.

Communications

Country NewsPapers

Radios TV Sets a 

Cable Homes

CellPhones

Fax’sPersonal Computers a 

Internet Hosts b 

Internet Users b 

1996  1997  1998  1998  1998  1998  1998  1999  1999 

Haiti  3  55  5  N/A  0  N/A  N/A  0.00  6 

United States 

215  2,146  847  244.3  256  78.4  458.6  1,508.77  74,100 

/Jamaica  62  480  182  73.1  22  N/A  39.4  1.04  60 

Dominican Republic 

52  178  95  15.5  31  0.3  N/A  7.63  25 

a Data are from International Telecommunication Union, World Telecommunication Development Report 1999 and are per 1,000 people. b Data are from the Internet Software Consortium ( http://www.isc.org ) and are per 10,000 people. 

SOURCE: World Bank. World Development Indicators 2000. 

Pre‐Event Data. St t D t t D t

PRE EARTHQUAKE BACKGROUND : Source US State Department

State Department Data

PRE EARTHQUAKE BACKGROUND : Source US State Department. 

Haiti is highly vulnerable to a range of natural hazards, including seismic hazards, hurricanes and tropical storms, flooding, mudslides, and other hydrohazards, hurricanes and tropical storms, flooding, mudslides, and other hydro meteorological disasters. In addition, environmental degradation and poverty form a cycle of structural food insecurity, which is exacerbated by frequent rapid‐onset disasters, according to USAID‐supported Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET). 

USAID/OFDA FUNDING FOR HAITI DISASTER RESPONSE AND PREPAREDNESS $TOTAL USAID/OFDA HA Assistance to Haiti, FY 2006 to FY 2009….$15,667,736 

A Local PerspectiveI still remember the day I arrived into Port‐au‐Prince for the firsttime. It was the middle of summer, a decade ago; the humid anddusty air was asphyxiating as I walked down the stairs from thedusty air was asphyxiating as I walked down the stairs from theairplane and into Toussaint Louverture International Airport. I waswelcomed by a sea of faces and prompt arguing about who wouldmake their day’s wages by carrying my bags to the truck.y g y y g y g

Political graffiti and brightly painted public buses and pickup truckswith broken headlights and cracked windshields were scatteredthroughout the otherwise gray landscape. The stench of urine andwet trash piles in gullies and canals, rooted through by pigs andscrawny, patchy‐haired dogs, was overwhelming. And there were so

l ll i l b th i h ftmany people, all seemingly busy, or on their way somewhere, oftenstruggling to squeeze onto the back of overcrowded pick up beds.We were stuck in traffic jams, or were zip‐zagging through thecongested streets; there was no order constant honking deafeningcongested streets; there was no order, constant honking, deafeningnoise, and a lot of roosters.

Haiti Response EffortsHaiti Response Efforts

The Earthquake: 

On January 12 at 1653 hours local time, a magnitude 7.0 earthquake struck southern Haiti. According to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the earthquake epicenter was located 10 miles southwest of the capital Port‐au‐Prince, West Department. An unknown number of people remain trapped under collapsed buildings, including a hospital in Petionville town, West Department. International media cited the Government of Haiti as reporting at least 100,000 deaths from the earthquake as of

USACE Stepped OFF!WASHINGTON – In support of national response efforts led by the U S State Department the U S

USACE Stepped OFF!

U.S. State Department, the U.S. Agency for International Development, and U.S. Southern Command, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has deployed an initial team of four engineers in response to the earthquake in Haiti. The team includes subject matter experts inincludes subject matter experts in civil, structural, electrical, and hydrological engineering.

Two additional eight-person Forward Engineer Support Teams from USACE’s South Atlantic Division and two platoons of the 249th Engineertwo platoons of the 249th Engineer Battalion, approximately 40 Soldiers, are on alert and ready to deploy.

USACE Stepped In!USACE Stepped In!• Urban Search and Rescue Cadre arrived in Haiti less thanCadre arrived in Haiti less than a week after the Jan. 12 earthquake. • USACE structures specialists directed a 150‐person recovery team during Operation Unified Response. • Interagency US&R program includes structural specialists from USACE and FEMA, and provides support acrossprovides support across multiple agencies. • USACE Water Resource Study in 1999in 1999.

Water, Water Everywhere? – Ground!

Surface Water

US AID OCONUS d hAid to Others

US State DepartmentUS State Department

Jan – Feb DataAIRPORTS AND AIRSPACEAIRPORTS AND AIRSPACE The airport has received more than 600 short tons of supplies.* USAF air traffic control and airfield management personnel continue to manage air operations at the airport with approval of the Government of Haiti.

HEALTH

p p ppSAFETY * Approximately 5,800 military personnel on the ground or afloat.* More than 1,000 personnel from the 82nd Airborne Division arrived in Haiti. 

HEALTH* More than 250 HHS medical personnel have arrived in Haiti. * The USNS Comfort is currently underway and expected to arrive on 1/20 with 600 medical personal on board.pEVACUATION AND RESCUES* As of 0900, US USAR teams have rescued 26 individuals. * There are currently six US USAR teams operating in Haiti along with 21 international USAR teams from around the world US teams are based out of Fairfax VA Los AngelesUSAR teams from around the world. US teams are based out of Fairfax VA, Los Angeles CA, Miami FL (two teams), New York NY and Virginia Beach VA.* Each USAR team includes approximately 70 team members.

Jan – Feb DataJan  Feb DataFOOD AND WATER* U S ili i f h i lif d 130 000 h i i d il i d* U.S. military aircraft have airlifted 130,000 humanitarian daily rations and more than 70,000 bottles of water to Port‐au‐Prince.* Three water purification units are operational and can supply 180,000 liters per dayper day.* USS Carl Vinson continues to provide potable water production.* U.S. military aircraft will continue to support the delivery of an additional 600,000 daily rations over the next several days.600,000 daily rations over the next several days.* 12,000 water containers have arrived from Miami.* Yesterday, the U.N. World Food Program distributed high‐energy biscuits to a total of 50,000 people. p p* The World Food Program Port‐au‐Prince metropolitan areas schools feeding program is now serving hot meals to 50,000 affected people.

Infrastructure

Medical in the FieldMedical in the Field

Assessments just like KatrinaAssessments just like Katrina

Water

PowerPowerHaiti's biggest hydroelectric 

d h P li dpower dam, the Peligre dam, is usually less than 55% operational: 30 Megawatts produced out of 54produced out of 54 Megawatts of installed capacity. 

From a financial perspective, EDH charged the highest rates in the Caribbean in a country where 60% to 80% of the population lives in poverty. EDH's has about $ 22 millions US dollars in debt and growing. 

Sewer and Waste HandlingSewer and Waste Handling

HousingHousing

Status as of October 2010Engineering the Way Ahead

• Assessed 278,854 buildings out of an estimated 350,000 to 400,000 total buildings that require habitability assessments. • Structure assessments are occurring at a pace of approximatelyStructure assessments are occurring at a pace of approximately 2,000 per day. Assessment figures indicated that 51 percent of houses are “green,” or safe for habitation, with another 26 percent classified as “yellow” indicating that houses could be made safeclassified as “yellow,” indicating that houses could be made safe with repairs, and the remaining 23 percent  deemed “red,” or unsafe for habitation and requiring major repairs or demolition; 1 percent remained in process.• 15 Billion Dollar Price Tag with USA and Canada leading the way.• 20 Million Cubic Meters of Rubble still on the ground.20 Million Cubic Meters of Rubble still on the ground.• 17% of the Government workforce perished. • 60% of the hospitals were uninhabitable.• Engineer Manual 101 for building designs• Engineer Manual 101 for building designs. 

R f d Addi i l I f i

http://www.americanrecycler.com/0310/095haiti.shtml

References and Additional Information

http://www.studentnewsdaily.com/daily‐news‐article/earthquake‐rubble‐stymies‐rebuilding‐in‐haiti/

http://www.sheltercentre.org/library/Rebuilding+101+manual+rebuilding+strategies+Haiti

http://architectureforhumanity org/updates/2010 01 13 haiti quake appeal long term reconstructionhttp://architectureforhumanity.org/updates/2010‐01‐13‐haiti‐quake‐appeal‐long‐term‐reconstruction

http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/NEWS/0,,contentMDK:22664684~pagePK:34370~piPK:34424~theSitePK:4607,00.html

http://www.ouramazingplanet.com/haiti‐earthquake‐fault‐lines‐tsunami‐101010‐0621/

http://www.sam.usace.army.mil/en/wra/Haiti/Haiti%20Water%20Resources%20Assessment%20English.pdf

End Brief