Body Processes and Bioengineering Solutions Quiz

1. Multiple systems work together in the human body to carry out specific functions. Organ systems carry out their functions because of their specialized structures. Which organ system is most responsible for helping a swimmer push her body through water?a. muscular c. circulatoryb. excretory d. integumentary

2. Bones are one of the strongest organic materials with the ability to withstand strong amounts of force. Which of the following biomaterials would best meet the appropriate criteria to replace a bone?a. Plastics c. Compositesb. Metal Alloy d. Textiles

3. A person touches a hot surface with his hand and his hand springs back.

Which systems are correctly identified and matched with their process to make this operation possible?a. The muscular system performing sensation, nervous system performing

locomotion, and the respiratory system providing the nutrients for locomotion.

b. The nervous system performing sensation, muscular system performing locomotion, and the skeletal system providing the frame for locomotion.

c. The nervous system performing locomotion, muscular system performing respiration, and the skeletal system providing the oxygen for locomotion.

d. The muscular system performing respiration, nervous system performing digestion, and the respiratory system providing the frame for locomotion.

4. Which organ system is correctly matched with its main function?a. The nervous system controls body responses to the environment and sensation.b. The digestive system removes waste products from the body.c. The skeletal system distributes energy throughout the body.d. The excretory system absorbs nutrients from food.

5.The illustration below shows an organelle that produces food for a cell of an organism found in a pond ecosystem. The structure was identified by a student observing cell structures. Which of the following questions could be asked by the student to identify which kingdom uses this organelle?

a. How do organisms in the animalia kingdom obtain their food?b. How do organisms in the fungi kingdom obtain their food?c. How do organisms in the archaea kingdom obtain their food?d. How do organisms in the plantae kingdom obtain their food?

6. Below is a catheter developed by biomedical engineers.

Catheters are used to help solve problems in the excretory system. Which of the following statements identify the proper material and constraints used to develop the catheter.a. Ceramics were sued because they will not rust and are very rigid.b. Textiles were used because they can be flexible and absorb water.c. Polymers were used because they do not absorb water and they are flexible.d. Metal alloys were used because they are strong and can be formed into many

shapes.

7. Living organisms survive in various environments. All living things are able to maintain stable internal conditions despite changes in their environment. What is the name for this internal stability?a. homeostasis c. osmosisb. responsiveness d. gradualism

8.The picture below shows the human lungs and diaphragm.

Which two body systems work together when the diaphragm contracts and relaxes, causing air to move in and out of the lungs?a. nervous and immune c. muscular and respiratoryb. excretory and skeletal d. circulatory and digestive

9. A pacemaker is a small device that's placed in the chest or abdomen to help control abnormal heart rhythms. This device uses electrical pulses to prompt the heart to beat at a normal rate. Which question most likely had to be considered when bioengineers developed the pacemaker?a. Does the material have a high melting point?b. Can the material conduct electricity?c. Does the material need to be able to absorb water?d. What material will be able to hold its shape?

10. Students where observing the cells of an organism under the microscope. Below is a diagram of what they see and relative cell sizes. Relative Cell Size

KingdomRelative Cell Size (microns mm)

Archaea 1mmPlanae 100mmFungi 25mmAnimalia 100mmProtist 100mmBacteria 5mm

Which argument correctly supports why the cell being observed belongs to the fungi kingdom?a. The cell is small in size, does not have a nucleus, and is unicellular.b. The cell is large in size, lacks a cell wall, and is unicellular.c. The cell is small in size, has a nucleus, and is multicellular.d. The cell is large in size, has a cell wall, and is multicellular.

11. Due to the structure of the circulatory system, all of the following are functions of the circulatory system except toa. transport nutrients from the esophagus

to the stomach.c. transport some waste to the kidneys.

b. transport blood away from the kidneys. d. transport oxygen throughout the body.

12. Contact lenses are biomedical products that help improve vision by being placed directly on a person’s eyeball.

Which of the following statements best support why polymers (plastics) should be chosen over textiles for contact lensesa. Textiles are flexible and absorb water well while polymers (plastics) will never

change shape and can be clear.

b. Polymers (plastics) are not rust resistant and are toxic to the human body while textiles are rust resistant and not very flexible.

c. Polymers (plastics) are flexible, do not absorb water and can be clear while textiles are flexible but they absorb water effecting their functionality.

d. Textiles are flexible, do not absorb water and will not rust while polymers (plastics) can have a low melting point and tear very easily.

13. Multi-SelectWhich three of the following would be included in a claim for the role of the muscular system in daily processes of the human body? (Select Three)a. helping the stomach digest foodb. helping the lungs take in airc. removing waste from the bodyd. moving the bones of the skeletone. relaying messages to the brain

14. Multi-SelectTwo types of cells are shown. Organelles found in both cells are labeled.

Two Types of Cells

Which three claims about cell function is supported by the evidence in the diagram? (Select Three)a. Both types of cells can store excess water.b. Both types of cells are unable to produce energy.c. Both types of cells can control what enters and exits the cell.d. Both types of cells could have a cell wall.e. Both types of cells produce proteins.

15. There are multiple structures and materials working to carry out the transport of blood throughout the body. Blood cells must first be created before the blood can be oxygenated. Bone marrow is the material within bones responsible for producing the blood cells. Which body process would bone marrow contribute to?a. digestion c. circulationb. excretion d. sensation

16. Which of the following statements gives the best example of a biomaterial?

a. An engineered substance used for a medical purpose is an example of a biomaterial.

b. Naturally occurring soil is a biomaterial because it comes from the earth.c. Skin is a biomaterial because it is found on living things.d. Biodegradable plastic can be made into many shapes therefore it must be a

biomaterial.

17. An organ system is represented by the diagram below. This system carries nutrients and wastes throughout the body.

What organ system is represented in the model above?a. skeletal c. nervousb. excretory d. circulatory

18.The illustration shows an arm bending.

Which of these needs to occur in the triceps in order for the arm to bend at the elbow?a. Nutrients need to be in bones.b. The thumb needs to contract.c. Skin needs to be rigid.d. Muscles need to receive a message from the brain.

19. The diagram below represents some levels of organization in the pancreas.

Which level of organization is represented by X?a. cell c. organb. organ system d. tissue

20. When you exercise strenuously, your body produces excess heat. Which of the following describe your body’s response to help prevent your temperature from rising excessively?a. Your brain sends a message throughout your body telling your body to cool off.b. Your body opens your pores and produces sweat to cool you off.c. Your lungs take in only cool air and releases all the hot air to cool you off.d. Your heart pumps extra blood throughout the body to cool you off.

21. Which is NOT an example of a biomaterial?a. An artificial tissue graft used to protect and help burn victimsb. A joint replacement used to replace an arthritis damaged knee.c. Bone cement used to help hold bones together while healing.d. A cloth bandage used to cover scraps and burns.

22. Organisms that require oxygen must transfer molecules of oxygen from their environment to their cells. In humans, which two systems are directly involved in the transfer of oxygen from the environment to their cells?a. circulatory and nervous c. respiratory and circulatoryb. digestive and nervous d. respiratory and digestive

23. The flow chart models how the human body usually reacts to a harmful situation.

Which of the following correctly identifies the system at work during sensation in the model?a. nervous system sending the message to the brainb. integumentary system receiving the message from the brainc. respiratory system pulling the hand awayd. muscular system sending the message to pull hand away

24. A student uses a microscope to observe a single-celled organism that can move. The organism contains a nucleus and many chloroplasts. Based on the observations, the student claims the organism is not a bacterium. Which observation best supports the student’s claim?a. The organism has a nucleus.b. The organism is unicellular.c. The organism is able to move.d. The organism performs photosynthesis.

25. The cell organelle shown below produces ATP and is found in most eukaryotic cells that require large amounts of energy.

The highest concentration of such organelles would be found in which type of human cell due to the need of energy?a. Bone c. Muscleb. Skin d. Fat

26. Composites are a mixture of two or more different biomaterials with multiple biomedical applications. What is the most likely reason engineers would select a composite as a material for a biomedical solution?a. Composites are less expensive and more accessible.b. Composites can be formed into more shapes than any other biomaterial.c. Composites absorb water well and the human body is made of mostly waterd. Composites have characteristics of multiple biomaterials making them unique.

27. Dialysis is the separation of smaller molecules from larger molecules in a liquid based on their ability to pass through a semipermeable membrane. A dialysis machine can be used to remove waste from a patient’s blood through the process of diffusion. Which human body system has organs that works in a similar way for our blood?

a. integumentary c. excretoryb. digestive d. respiratory

28. A person riding a bicycle wants to move the bicycle forward. She moves her legs up and down on the bicycle’s pedals. Then the rider wants to stop the bicycle. She stops pedaling and the bicycle slows. She takes one of her feet off a pedal and puts her foot on the ground to stop the bicycle and stay upright.Which of these best identifies a pathway of systems in the rider’s body, as described in this scenario?a. musculoskeletal system circulatory system musculoskeletal system

nervous systemb. nervous system musculoskeletal system circulatory system nervous systemc. nervous system musculoskeletal system nervous system musculoskeletal

systemd. musculoskeletal system nervous system circulatory system

musculoskeletal system

29. The chart below lists the characteristics of some bioengineering materials.

Material Characteristics

silk (textile) flexible, absorbs water, soft

metal rigid, high melting point, malleable

ceramic wears over time, hard, water resistant

plastic (polymer)flexible, will change shape over time, can be rigid or

flexible

Ligaments are connective tissues that connect two bones or cartilages or holds together a joint. Which material best meets the constraints needed to replace a ligament?a. ceramic c. silkb. plastic d. metal

30. When an athlete began running, both her breathing and heart rates increased. The athlete’s breathing and heart rates increased as she was running because the athlete needed toa. increase the amount of carbon dioxide in her blood.b. exhale more oxygen from her lungs.c. transport more oxygenated blood to her muscles.d. decrease the temperature of her skin.