session 13 motivation and peak performance

7/30/2019 Session 13 Motivation and Peak Performance

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MOTIVATION AND PEAK

PERFORMANCE


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Motivation

Motivation is an internal state that activates,guides and sustains behavior

So the key words are Activate: start or put into action Guide: direct or show Sustain: maintain or prolong

Motivation refers to a presumed internal statethat causes an organism to move toward somegoal.


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Motivation Process

An understanding of motivational process isnecessary in order to comprehend why peoplebehave as they do .


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Motivation process comprises six steps:

1. Identification of needs:

Needs are felt deprivation which an individual experiences at agiven time. They may be psychological ( internal, emotional),physiological ( food, shelter and clothing) and social

2. Search for ways to satisfy needs These deprivations force the individuals to search for ways to

reduce them.3. Engagement in goal directed behavior

A goal is a specific result that the individuals want to achieve

4. Perform

An act is performed to overcome the tension/stress5. Receives either reward or punishment

They are the signals that needs and behaviors are appropriateor not

6. Reassessment of needs deficiencies


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Intrinsic Motivation

Definition: Intrinsic motivation refers to motivationthat comes from inside an individual rather than from

any external or outside rewards, such as money orgrades.

An intrinsically motivated person will work on a mathequation, for example, because it is enjoyable.

An intrinsically motivated student, for example, maywant to get a good grade on an assignment, but if theassignment does not interest that student, the possibilityof a good grade is not enough to maintain that student'smotivation to put any effort into the project.


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Extrinsic Motivation Definition: Extrinsic motivation refers to motivation

that comes from outside an individual. The motivatingfactors are external, or outside, rewards such as money

or grades. These rewards provide satisfaction andpleasure that the task itself may not provide.

An extrinsically motivated person will work on a taskeven when they have little interest in it because of theanticipated satisfaction they will get from some reward.

For example, an extrinsically motivated person whodislikes math may work hard on a math equationbecause want the reward for completing it. In the case ofa student, the reward would be a good grade on anassignment or in the class.


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Expectancy theory by Victor Vroom The theory argues that the strength of an individual to act in a specific

way depends on the strength of an expectation that the act will befollowed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness of that outcome

to the individual To make this simple, expectancy theory says that an employee can be

motivated to perform better when their is a belief that the betterperformance will lead to promotion and that this shall result intorealization of personal goal in form of some reward.

Therefore Motivation = Valence x ExpectancyValance:value the individual personally places on the rewards ( the

value of A grade in class versus C grade)

Expectancy: belief that one's effort will lead to the desired performance (example if I work harder than everyone else, will I get a better grade)


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Maslows hierarchy of needs He argued that most theories of human motivation had focused on basicphysiological needs

When one level is full filled only then an individual moves on to anotherlevel

Self Actualization

Acceptance of facts, Peak performance

Esteem

Confidence, respect from others

Social

Friendship, family and intimacy

Safety needs

Security of family, health and property

Physiological needs

Breathing, Food, Shelter and Clothing


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Goal setting theory This theory underlines the fact that the difficulty of the goal and

clarity of the goal will affect how hard people will work towards thatgoal

The theory says that that when employees worked towards a goal, itresults in a major source of motivation within the employees toactually reach the goal.

As a result, the final performance of the employee improves.

According to this study, specific and difficult goals lead to betterresults and performance as compared to vague, randomly set or easy

to do goals


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Demotivating factors

Unfair criticism

Negative Criticism

Public Humiliation

Rewarding the non performers

Failure or fear of failure

Unfair treatment Responsibility without authority

Poor standards


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Importance and benefits of Motivation

Motivated people are always looking for betterways to do task.

Motivated people are more quality oriented.

Highly motivated people are more productive.

Any technology needs motivated people to adapt

it successfully.


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How to Identify Motivation

Energy

Commitment

Staying Power

Skill

Single mindedness

Enjoyment Responsibility


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Peak Performers Lead a well-rounded life

Select a Career they Careabout

Rehearse each challengingTask Mentally

Seek Result

Are willing to take risks

Not dependant on anyone else

Dont underestimate theirPotential

Compete with their self not

with others Know their field

Ability to get things done

session 13 motivation and peak performance

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