review of biofuels

8/13/2019 Review of Biofuels

1/14

Project By-

Dhruv DeshpandeShailesh PatilAkshay PhadkeAnirudha Ghadg

Project Guide-

Prof. V. N. Raibhole


2/14

B.E. project report of previous batch

M.Tech project report of Chetan Ghare

Prabir Basu dealt with the design of gasifier and the types

of fuels used in gasifier.Journal paper on Highly efficient electricity

generation from biomass by integration andhybridization with combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT)

plants for natural gas by Erik Pihl, Stefan Heyne,Henrik Thunman and Filip Johnsson.


3/14

Gasification refers to a group of processes that convertssolid or liquid fuels into a combustible gas with orwithout contact with a gasification medium.

It is generally carried out by reacting fuel such as coal,

biomass, petroleum coke, or heavy oil, with arestricted amount of oxygen and often in combinationwith steam.

Heat evolved from the exothermic reaction of oxygen

with the fuel serves to maintain the gasifier at theoperating temperature and drives certain endothermicreactions taking place inside it.


4/14

Types ofGasifiers

Dependingupon

gasification

medium

Dependingupon type of

bed

Dependingupon flow

direction


5/14

Depending upon the gasification medium- Air-blown Oxygen-blown

Depending upon type of bed Entrained bed e.g., Shell/Prenflo/Siemens Fluidized bed e.g., Winkler/KBR/U-GAS

Bubbling Circulating

Spouted bed Fixed or moving bed e.g., Lurgi

Depending upon flow direction Updraft Downdraft Sidedraft


6/14


7/14

Modelling has been done on minimization of Gibbs` free

energy basis.

The equilibrium constants are given by

lnKp =

G0

/RTwhere, G0is the change in the Gibbs free energy of

the reaction (kJ/kg mol).

G0= hf0+ (hT h298)Ts

hf0=Enthalpy of formation

hT= Enthalpy at any given temperature T

h298=Enthalpy at standard atmospheric temperature


8/14


9/14

Gas chromatography most widely used method ofgas analysis. It depends on the ability of certainadsorbent material to selectively slow the rate of gaspassage through a column packed with adsorbent.

Orsat Gas analysis measures the gases CO2, O2, CO,H2, CH4. It is more reliable and less costly than GCbut it requires more time and skill. The analysisdepends on the ability of certain chemicals to reactselectively with each gas component of SYNGAS.


10/14

Mainly used as an intermediary building block for thefinal production (synthesis) of various fuels such assynthetic natural gas, methanol and syntheticpetroleum fuel.

In a purified state, the hydrogen component of Syngascan also be used to directly power hydrogen fuelcells for electricity generation and fuel cell electric

vehicle (FCEV)Gasifier can be used in Integrated Gas Combined Cycle

(IGCC)


11/14

Total number of trials taken = 3

The first trial was taken on 6thJuly 2012. The trial wasnot completed successfully due to leakages andbreakage.

The second trial was taken on 13thJuly 2012. The trialwas interrupted due to electrical power failure.

The third trial was taken on 27thJuly 2012. The trial

was completed successfully with production ofsignificant quantity of burnable SYNGAS.


12/14


13/14

Syngas can ultimately replace natural gas forindustrial uses, electrical power generation andbasic raw material to produce chemical and fueloil.

Since biomass is a renewable energy source andabundant in quantity, it would solve the issue ofenergy crisis.

Optimization of gasification process will helpachieve calorific value of syngas closer to that ofnatural gas


14/14

review of biofuels

Documents