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Index

Adaptive group homogeneity, 99, 235

Aid, See Development, interventions

Alegria (fictitious name for research site in Huancavelica), 19, 48, 125–9, 168

Alienation, 190Andean culture, 13, 38, 58, 67,

155, 182, 192, 215See also Ayllu; Collectivism and

individualism; Festivals, and feasts; Social identity; Values

Anti-development, 7–8, 61APRA, 194, 201, 203Aristotle, 27Ayllu, 155–6Ayni, 165

Barley cultivation, 49, 166–7Basic needs, See Needs

Catholic Church, See ReligionCholo, 39–40Citizenship, 205Clientelism (and declientelization),

193, 201Collective action, 164

See also Communal associations; Faena

Collectivism and individualism, 78–83, 234

Common good, 164, 171Communal associations, 44, 160, 200

and forest management, 169by research site, 43–57

Community profiling, 43Complexity and development, 224Conditional cash transfer programs,

201–2See also Social assistance programs

Congruence, See Connections and disjunctures

Connections and disjunctures, 1, 13, 211, 241

Conspicuous consumption, 111, 118

Corridor, See Economic corridorsCultural theory, 38, 58, 227

See also Andean culture

Decentralization, 205, 224, 226Descanso (fictitious name for

research site in Mantaro Valley), 19, 50–3, 124–9, 169, 171–5

Desencuentro (disconnect), See Connections and disjuncture

De Soto, Hernando, 198Development

discourse, 1, 3, 5–9, 217–18interventions, 220, 224–8, 241local and universal views, 217–19See also Anti-development; Post-

developmentDFID (UK Dept of International

Development), 225–6Discursive space, 218

INDEX266

Disjunctures, See Connections and disjunctures

Drinking water, 169Drivers of change analysis, 225

ECB (components of wellbeing survey), 21, 64, 157–8, 161

Economic corridors, 17–18, 32, 57Economic wellbeing, 103Education

cross-analysis with values, 83school building, 167, 170variation by research site, 22–3,

45–57Emotional interdependence,

139–40EPHR (Emic post-hoc research)

methodology, 78, 231–2Evangelical churches, See

ReligionEvolutionary psychology, 182,

234–6Exclusion, See Social exclusion

Factor analysis, 65Faena, 44, 153, 160, 165–75False consciousness, 220Faustian bargain, 190, 200Festivals and feasts, 43, 45–57,

168, 170See also Jalapato; Santiago

Fiestas See Festivals and feastsFigueroa, Adolfo, 12, 58, 156, 186,

191, 197, 205, 224Freedom (from and to), 190,

199Frustrated achievers, 105, 193Fujimori, Alberto, 35, 56

García, Alan, See APRAGlass of Milk (Vaso de Leche)

program, 21, 46, 183, 200, 202

Goals and needs, 66Guzman, Abimael, See Shining

Path

Happiness, See also Life satisfactioncorrelation with latent need

satisfaction, 115–18eudemonic and hedonic, 3,

154, 196multivariate analysis of, 113reported overall happiness by

research site, 23–4, 103, 111Health services (by research site),

45–67 Hedonic balance, 234Hedonic treadmill, 239Household income and expenditure

(by research site), 107–8See also Income and expenditure

surveyHousehold income management, 114Huanca culture, 32, 36, 38Huancavelica (Department of), 36–8

See also Alegria; Llajta Jock; Llajta Iskay

Huancayo city, 33, 176See also Mantaro Valley; Progreso

Human Development Index (HDI), 10–11

Human needs, See NeedsHuman rights, 7, 11–12, 203–4

Identity (personal), 234; See also Social identity

Imagined communities, 31Income and Expenditure Survey,

21, 103, 106, 109, 114Income mobility, 105–6Individualism, See Collectivism and

individualismInheritance, 163Insecurity, 190Institutions

definition and analysis of, 153, 154–6, 187, 240

the institutional matrix by research site, 158–64

the institutional responsibility matrix at national level, 192–8

INDEX 267

Jalapato (festival), 178–80Junin (Department of), 37

Land disputes (by research site), 43–57, 163

Latent needs and latent need satisfaction, 2, 63, 66, 212–14

cross-analysed by institution, 160–2

cross-analysed with economic wellbeing, 117–18

cross-analysed with reported happiness, 114–16

improvement from a secure base (ISB), 66–71, 74, 95–7, 117–18, 131–2, 158, 161–2, 213–14

and migration, 131place to live better (PLB), 66–71,

89–91, 114–18, 131–4, 158–9, 213–14, 234, 239–40

raise a family (RAF), 66–71, 91–5, 114–18, 131, 134, 158–60, 213–14, 221, 234

Latinobarómetro, 15–16 Life satisfaction (defined as latent

need satisfaction), 5, 65, 66, 103Lima, 104, 195, 233

Department statistics, 37See also Nuevo Lugar

Livelihoods, 185, 197Llajta Iskay (fictitious name for

research site in Huancavelica), 19, 43–5, 124–9, 166–7

Llajta Jock (fictitious name for research site in Huancavelica) 19, 45–4, 124–9, 167, 178–80

Lo Andino, See Andean culture

Mantaro Valley, 18, 32–6See also Descanso; Huanca

culture; Huancayo cityMarital relations, 93, 94, 161

See also Servinakuy

Maslow, Abraham (hierarchy of needs), 199, 223–4

Mental models, 224Mestizo, 32–3, 38–42, 156, 205Methodology, See Research

methodologyMigration, 121–3, 128

classification of motives for migration, 126–31

and education, 135–6and family relationships, 134–49and latent needs, 66, 72and mobility (by study site), 124–9outcomes of migration, 130–1,

239–40Millenarianism, 197Millenium Development Goals, 7,

217 Minka, 165Mita, 156Molecular genetics, 237MRTA (Movemiento Revolucionario

de Tupac Amaru), 35Music and dance, 156, 169, 176–83

Needs, 6, 10–11, 199See also Latent needs

Neighbourhood associations, 160Neoliberalism, 9Neuroimaging, 236–7NGOs (non-government

organisations) by research site, 43–57

Caritas, 49Taller de los Niños (Children’s

workshop), 94Nuevo Lugar (fictitious name for

research site in Huancavelica), 19, 54–7, 124–9, 170–1

Objective wellbeing, 236–7

Participatory appraisal, 13–15, 221–2Patient Generated Index, 222Peasant associations, See Communal

associations

INDEX268

Pentecostalism, See ReligionPersonality, 83–8Peru (general), 9–18, 104–6, 185,

191, 207Polanyi, Karl, 154, 175, 189Post-development, 7–8Poverty

incidence by research site, 106–10incidence in Peru, 10, 105official poverty lines for Peru,

104, 108–9participatory poverty assessment

for Peru, 13–15subjective poverty lines, 104

Principal components analysis, See Factor analysis

Probit analysis, 22–4, 113Progreso (fictitious name for

research site in Huancayo City), 19, 53–4, 124–9, 169

Protestant churches, See Religion

RANQ (resources and needs questionnaire), 20–2, 124, 157

Rebel’s dilemma, 199, 223Reciprocity, 145–7Reflexivity, 218, 227–8Religion, 160, 196–7

by research site, 45–57Remittances, 140–5Research methodology, 16–21,

157–8, 235, 241for site selection, See Economic

corridorsSee also EPHR methodology

Resources perception, 76–7, 115–18, 162–4

Road maintenance, 167–8Rondas campensinas (village

militia), 48, 160, 174, 205

Santiago (festival), 176–8Seasonality (in the Mantaro Valley),

43, 107–8

Selva Manta (fictitious name for research site in cloud-forest), 19, 46–8, 124–9, 167

Sendero Luminoso, See Shining Path

Servinakuy (cohabitation before marriage), 44, 67, 93

Shining Path, 13, 15, 34–6, 56, 123, 193, 203

Social assistance programs, 199–202

by research site, 43–57See also Conditional cash transfers

programs; Glass of Milk program

Social comparison, 111, 118Social exclusion, 58

See also Figueroa, AdolfoSocial identity (by research site),

38–42See also Andean Culture; Cholo;

Huanca culture; MestizoStructural equation modelling, 66,

89, 91, 96, 100, 231Subjective wellbeing (SWB)

definitions of, 4, 63and income mobility, 105–6methodology for researching

SWB, 20–1, 63–6models of, 88, 91, 97–100,

233–40See also latent needs and latent

need satisfaction; WeDQoL

Toledo, Alejandro, 193, 2003Truth and Reconciliation

Commission, 34–6, 55–6, 203–4

UNCP (National Central University of Peru), 16

Values, 78, 234See also Collectivism and

individualism

INDEX 269

Washington consensus, 9WeDQoL (WeD quality of life

survey instrument), 20–1, 38–42, 114–15, 118–19, 131, 157–8, 175

Wellbeingdefinitions of, 1, 3–4, 236, 238and policy regimes, 186–90,

199policy relevance, 216–29

See also Economic wellbeing; latent needs and latent need satisfaction; objective wellbeing; subjective wellbeing

Welfare regimes, 185–6, 206–7Wellbeing in Developing Countries

(WeD) research group, xi, 16–17, 234

WHOQoL (WHO quality of life survey instrument), 21, 222