read and rag the learners must know section (see below) 2 ... · aggression / ‘roid rage’. sub...

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1. Read and RAG the Learners MUST KNOW section (see below)

2. Watch the GCSE POD video before taking exam

3. Attempt Exam Questions

4. Mark your answers using the Mark Scheme

5. Reflect and repeat until you are successful and understand all specification requirements

GCSE POD link. Click here to revise before taking the test: https://www.gcsepod.com/

Ethics and social-

cultural issues on

physical activity and

sport

Learners MUST KNOW… R A G

Ethics in sport . Know and understand

✓ The value of sportsmanship

✓ The reasons for gamesmanship an deviance in

sport

✓ Can you give sporting examples for these

Drugs in sport . Know and understand the reasons why sports

performers use drugs

. Know the types of drugs and their effect on

performances. GIVE PRACTICLE EXAMPLES!

✓ Anabolic steroids

✓ Beta blockers

✓ Stimulants

. Know and understand the impact of drug use in sport

✓ Impact on performers

✓ Impact on the sport

Violence in sport . Know and understand the reasons for player violence

. Give practical examples of violence in sport

https://www.gcsepod.com/


Physical Education (9-1) Ethics and social Culture Rafferty Gunn

OCR ExamBuilder process constraints mean you may see slight differences between this paper and the original. Candidates answer on the Question Paper. A calculator may be used in this paper. OCR supplied materials: Additional resources may be supplied with this paper. Other materials required: • Pencil • Ruler (cm/mm)

Duration: Not set

Candidate

forename Candidate

surname

Centre number

Candidate number

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

• Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes above. Please write clearly and in capital letters. • Use black ink. HB pencil may be used for graphs and diagrams only. • Answer all the questions. • Read each question carefully. Make sure you know what you have to do before starting your answer. • Write your answer to each question in the space provided. Additional paper may be used if necessary but you must clearly show your candidate number, centre number and question number(s).

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

• The quality of written communication is assessed in questions marked with a pencil or an asterisk. • The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. • The total number of marks for this paper is 27.


Answer all the questions.

1. Which one of the following is a good example of sportsmanship when participating in a physical activity?

(a) You stop playing when your opponent is injured ☐

(b) You celebrate when you win a competition ☐

(c) You always try to win even when you are tired ☐

(d) You wear fashionable kit for the activity ☐

[1]

2.

Explain the importance of sportsmanship and following codes of behaviour when participating in physical activities.

[6]


3. Describe three effects of using illegal steroids and three different effects of blood doping on performance in physical activities.

Effects of using illegal steroids 1)

2)

3)

Effects of blood doping 1)

2)

3)

[6]

4. Which one of the following is an example of an effect of blood doping?

(a) An increase in the number of red blood cells in the body ☐

(b) A decrease in oxygen uptake in muscles ☐

(c) A decrease in the likelihood of blood infections ☐

(d) An increase in the temperature of muscles ☐

[1]


5. Describe one practical example of sportsmanship.

[1]

6. Describe two reasons why a player in a team sport might be violent. 1

2

[2]

7. Identify one reason why a sports performer might use anabolic steroids.

[1]

8. Is this statement true or false? Draw a circle around your answer.

Gamesmanship is the use of unethical methods to try to win in sport.

True False

[1]

9. Identify one illegal drug that is likely to increase strength and levels of aggression in sport.


[1]

10. Give one practical example of sportsmanship during a sports competition.

[1]

11. a. Identify three different examples of sportsmanship in activities of your choice. 1. Activity 1

Example of sportsmanship

2. Activity 2


3. Activity 3


[3]

b. Explain why sportsmanship is so important when participating in physical activities.


[3]

END OF QUESTION PAPER


Mark scheme

Question Answer/Indicative content Marks Guidance

1

a. 1

Total 1

2

Explain the importance of sportsmanship and following codes of

behaviour when participating in physical activities.

Six marks total.

Levels marked question

Level 1 (1-2 marks)

Candidates describes only very superficially. Little or attempt at

explanation.

There is little or no use of technical vocabulary and sentences have

limited coherence and structure.

There is much irrelevant material with factors unconnected with

sportsmanship / codes of behaviour

Errors in grammar, punctuation and spelling may be noticeable and

intrusive.

Level 2 (3-4 marks)

Candidates make some attempt at explanation with good knowledge

and understanding.

Material largely relevant to sportsmanship / codes of behaviour

There is some use of technical vocabulary and sentences for the

most part are relevant and are coherent.

There are occasional errors in grammar, punctuation and spelling.

Level 3 (5-6 marks)

Candidates make many explained and developed points.

Candidate demonstrates excellent knowledge and understanding of

the factors involved.

Candidate gives relevant material directly related to sportsmanship /

codes of behaviour that is clearly structured and using appropriate

terminology and technical vocabulary.

There are few if any errors in grammar, punctuation and spelling.

Explain the importance of sportsmanship and following codes of

behaviour when participating in physical activities.

Indicative content

(Sportsmanship)

1. To protect individuals

o Examples of participants / Officials

2. Less dangerous / safer

o Fewer accidents with possible examples

3. For fair play

o so that the activity / game can be played

effectively / flowing

4. So all can enjoy the activity

o Example of enjoyment

5. To improve quality of performance

[6]

Differentiating between levels look for:

Level 1:

– Mostly description rather than explanation

– Very few knowledge points with little or no

development

– Little or no practical examples on either

sportsmanship or codes of behaviour

– Some incorrect material

Level 2:

– Some explanation as well as description

– Variety of knowledge points with some points

developed

– Some relevant practical examples of

sportsmanship and codes of behaviour

Level 3:

– Clearly explained rather than merely

described showing importance

– Good variety of points about sportsmanship

and codes of behaviour

– Points are developed and expanded well

Examiners: Always indicate the level at the end of

the response

Bullet points indicate possible development points

but could be stand-alone knowledge points

Give credit to practical examples if they exemplify

indicative content points

Examiner’s Comments

This question was well answered by many candidates

who explained well the importance of sportsmanship

and following codes of behaviour when participating in

physical activities. The best candidates made a point

and then developed it, often giving a practical example.

Some, for example, pointed out that good

sportsmanship enables fair play so that all participants

enjoy the activity and can compete safely. An example

was that in football, l if someone from the opposing

team is injured, you might kick the ball out of play to

enable the injured player to receive treatment.

It was striking this year that many candidates showed

poor skills in written communication, often making

basic spelling and grammatical errors. Candidates are

reminded that credit can be gained for the quality of


o Focus on the activity

(Codes of behaviour)

6. Important to establish so that all participants know what is

expected of them when playing a particular sport or

engaging in exercise and physical activities

o following role model behaviour

o developing as a role model to others

7. So that behaviour is socially acceptable

o (in a particular culture) to have good control

o Develop social skills

8. To show respect to those around you

o well-mannered / to care about the well-being of

others

9. To not be disqualified

o Examples might include being sent off / fined

10. To not let your team mates down

o give them a bad name / poor reputation

written communication and so they should read

through and check their answers, once completed.

Total 6

3

6 marks for 6 from

Sub max 3 marks for :

(Steroids)

1. Able to train more often or for longer / enhances muscular

endurance

2. Can make you go quicker / be stronger / increase muscle

mass

3. Faster recovery

4. Can affect physical health or examples of health related

illnesses or could put your life at risk / could cause death /

cancer / liver damage / infection

5. Can affect mental health or examples of mental health

problems or an increase in confidence / increase

aggression / ‘roid rage’.

Sub max 3 marks for:

(Blood doping)

6. can give you more stamina / endurance

7. Boost / increase red blood cells / can increase oxygen

uptake

8. Can affect physical health or examples of health related

illnesses or could put your life at risk / could cause death /

6

• Sub max 3 marks for each different effects

on performance

• Do not accept one word answers (description

is required)

• One mark only if point repeated eg you can

be banned if caught for steroid use–you

could be banned for blood doping = 1 mark

max.


Many candidates showed a good understanding of both

steroid use and blood doping and gave a good range of

effects. Some candidates did not read the question

carefully enough and repeated the same effects for

both illegal performance enhancers.


an allergic reaction / increase in blood viscosity / blood

clotting

9. Can cause infection / risk of AIDS / catch disease.

(Both)

10. Can enhance performance

11. If caught can be banned / disqualified

12. Heart problems / heart attacks

13. Kidney failure / problems

14. Increase blood pressure

15. Psychological problems / guilt / addiction to cheating /

cheating becomes an obsession.

Total 6

4

a. [1]

Total 1

5

One mark from:

1. shaking hands at the beginning / end of a competition.

2. stopping if someone is injured in football

3. kicking the ball out to stop the game if someone injured in

football.

4. congratulating your opponent during or after a match

5. not celebrating (much) if winning / scoring.

6. a tennis player giving time to their opponent if injured

7. ‘walking’ when out in cricket

1

1 x (AO2)

Accept any valid description using a practical example.

Need a description rather than a single word answer.

Total 1

6

Two marks from:

1. (frustration) as a result of losing

2. as physical retaliation / as a reaction to a challenge / tackle

3. over arousal during the game

4. (annoyed by) poor decisions by officials

5. to gain an advantage / to hurt your opponent

6. taunting from crowd / opponents

7. controlled aggression may be required for effective play

8. as a result of the influence of drugs

2

2 x (AO1) Need a description rather than a single word answer.

Total 2


7

One mark from:

1. for muscle growth / to increase (muscle) strength

2. to make bones stronger

3. to lower body fat

4. to improve (body) image / shape

5. to increase aggression

6. to train harder / recover quicker

1

1 x (AO1)

Accept any relevant reason / accept single words if

appropriate.

Do not accept ‘improves performance’ on its own.

Total 1

8

One mark for:

True

1

1 x (AO1)

Total 1

9 One mark for:

Anabolic steroids

1

1 x (AO1)

Do not accept:

• Steroids

• Total 1

10

One mark for:

A suitable practical example of sportsmanship such as:

stopping / kicking the ball out of play when a rugby player is injured;

clapping your opponent / shaking hands at the end of the football

match;

a batswoman walking in cricket when she knows she has been

caught out.

1

1 x (AO2)

Do not accept:

• Following the rules

• Obeying / respecting officials

• Total 1

11

i

Six marks for six from:

Sub max three marks for examples of sportsmanship

1. Example – stopping when a player is injured

2. Example - clapping your opponent at the end of the match

3. Example - a batswoman walking in cricket when she knows

she has been caught from an ‘edge’

[3]

• Activity must be identified and examples

must be relevant to the activity for marks to

be awarded.

• Accept any suitable sportsmanship example

that is different for each example

• Accept same sports activity with different

exampes

• Shaking hands with the officials and shaking

hands with the opponents = 1 mark only

(rep)


Many candidates showed good knowledge about

sportsmanship, which is heartening to read, and they

were able to give valid sports examples. Some

candidates confused sportsmanship with obeying the


rules of the game, giving examples such as ‘not

swearing at the referee’ or ‘accepting the umpire’s

decision’.

ii

Three marks for explanation of the importance of

sportsmanship:

1. To encourage fairness or fair play

2. Prevents injury or is safer

3. Prevents

aggression/violence/arguments/anger/conflicts/fights/chaos

4. Can be fun/enjoyable/you can appreciate it or is more

friendly / entertaining or can boost morale (enjoyable for

players or spectators)

5. Encourages respect (for others) or makes officials job

easier

6. Game can continue/be flowing/be effective–otherwise will

not be a good game/activity

7. You are being a role model or others might copy or sets a

good example / gives a good impression of the player or

sport

8. It is more ethical or more moral or makes you a good

person

[3]

Look for explanation rather than just single word

answers

• ‘to not get banned/punished/ asked to leave’

= vg

• Do not accept ‘accept officials decision’ = vg


This question was generally well answered by the

majority of candidates who showed a good

understanding of why sportsmanship is so important in

physical activities.

Total 6

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