raj board class 10 book - kritika

7/27/2019 Raj Board Class 10 Book - Kritika

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AglaSem S
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ys[kd ifjp;ys[kd ifjp;ys[kd ifjp;ys[kd ifjp;ys[kd ifjp;

f'koiwtu lgk;f'koiwtu lgk; dk tUe lu~ 1893 esaxko muokl]fkyk Hkkstiqj (fcgkj) esa gqvkA muosQ cpiu dkuke HkksykukFk FkkA nlohadh ijh{kk ikl djus osQckn mUgksaus cukjl dh vnkyr esaudyuohl dhukSdjh dhA ckn esaos gnh osQ v;kid cu x,Avlg;ksx vkanksyu osQ izHkko ls mUgksaus ljdkjhukSdjh ls R;kxi=k ns fn;kA f'koiwtu lgk; vius

le; osQ ys[kdksa esa cgqr yksdfiz; vkSj lEekfurO;fDr FksA mUgksaustkxj.k]fgeky;]ek/qjh]ckydvkfn dbZizfrf"Br if=kdkvksa dklaiknu fd;kA blosQ lkFk gh os gnh dh izfrf"Br if=kdkerokykosQ laiknd&eaMyesa FksA lu~ 1963 esamudk nsgkar gksx;kA

os eq[;r% x| osQ ys[kd FksAnsgkrh nqfu;k] xzke lq/kj] os fnu osyksx]Le`fr'ks"kvkfn mudh ntZu Hkj x|&fr;k izdkf'kr gqbZgSaAf'koiwtu jpukoyhosQpkj [kaMksa essa mudh laiw.kZ jpuk, izdkf'kr gSaA mudh jpukvksa esayksdthou vkSjyksdlaLfr osQ izlax lgt gh fey tkrsgSaA

AglaSem S
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o`Qfrdk

48

deys'ojdeys'oj dk tUe lu~ 1932 esaeSuiqjh (mkj izns'k) esagqvkA bykgkckn fo'ofo|ky; ls mUgksaus ,e-,- fd;kAnwjn'kZu osQ vfrfjDr egkfuns'kd osQ in ij dk;Zdjusokys deys'oj us dbZ i=k&if=kdkvksa dk laiknu Hkhfd;k ftuesalkfjdk]nSfud tkxj.k vkSjnSfud HkkLdjizeq[k gSaA lkfgR; vdknsehiqjLdkj ls iqjLo`Qr deys'ojdksHkkjr ljdkj us in~e Hkw"k.klsHkh lEekfur fd;kA

27 tuojh 2007 dksfny dk nkSjk iM+us lsmudk fu/u gks x;kAu;h dgkuh vkanksyu osQ vxqvk jgs deys'oj dh izeq[k jpuk, gSajktk

fujcafl;k][kksbZgqbZfn'kk,]lksyg Nrksaokyk ?kj]tnk eqnsZ(dgkuh&laxzg)oghckr] vkxkeh vrhr]Mkd caxyk]dkyh vk/h vkSjfdrus ikfdLRkku(miU;kl)AmUgksaus vkRedFkk] ;k=kk&o`kkar vkSj laLej.k Hkh fy[ksgSaA deys'oj usvusd gnhfiQYeksa ,oa Vh-oh- /kjkokfgdksadh iVdFkk, Hkh fy[kh gSaA

deys'oj dh jpukvksa esa rskh ls cnyrs lekt dk cgqr gh ekfeZd vkSjlaosnu'khy fp=k.k gSA vkt oQh egkuxjh; lH;rk esaeuq"; osQ vosQysgkstkusdh

O;Fkk dksmUgksaus c[kwch le>k vkSj O;Dr fd;k gSA

e/qdkadfj;k

e/qdkadfj;k dk tUe lu~ 1957 esa dksydkrk esa gqvkAmUgksausdksydkrk fo'ofo|ky; ls vFkZ'kkL=k esa,e-,-fd;k] lkFk gh oaQI;wVj ,IyhosQ'ku esafMIyksek HkhA

mudh izeq[k jpuk, gSaikk[kksj(miU;kl)]lykevkf[kjh] [kqysxxu osQ yky flrkjs] chrrsgq,] var

esabZ'kq(dgkuh&laxzg)A mUgksausdbZlqanj ;k=kk&o`kkar Hkhfy[ksgSaA ekqdkadfj;k dh jpukvksaesa fopkj vkSj laosnuk dh uohurk feyrh gSAlekt esa O;kIr vusd Toyar leL;k, tSlsvi laLfr] egkuxj dh ?kqVu vkSjvlqj{kk osQ chp ;qokvksaesac


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ys[kd&ifjp;

f'koizlkn feJ ^#*f'koizlkn feJ ^#nz* dk tUe lu~1911 esa dk'kh esagqvkA mudh f'k{kk dk'kh osQ gfj'panzdkWyst] DohaldkWyst ,oadk'kh fganwfo'ofo|ky; lsgqbZA #nzth usLowQy ,oa fo'ofo|ky; eas v;kiu dk;Z fd;k vkSjdbZ if=kdkvksadk laiknu Hkh fd;kA cgqHkk"kkfon~#nzth ,d lkFk gh miU;kldkj] ukVddkj] xhrdkj]O;aX;dkj] i=kdkj vkSj fp=kdkj FksA

mudh izeq[k jpuk, gSacgrh xaxk] lqfprkp(miU;kl)]rky ryS;k] xkfydk] ijh{kk iphlh

(xhr ,oa O;aX; xhr laxzg)A mudh vusd laikfnr jpuk, dk'kh ukxjh izpkfj.kh lHkk}kjk izdkf'kr gqb gSaA oslHkk osQ iz/kuea=kh in ij Hkh jgsA lu~1970 esa mudk nsgkargksx;kA

#nz th viuh tUeHkwfe dk'kh osQ izfr vkthou fu"Bkoku jgsvkSj mudh ;ghfu"Bk muosQ lkfgR; esaO;Dr gqbZgS] fo'ks"kdj mudh vuqie frcgrh xaxkesaAcgrh xaxkdksoqQN fo}ku miU;kl ekursgSarksoqQN mlsdgkuh&laxzg Hkh ekursgSaA

vKs;lfPpnkuan ghjkuan okRL;k;u vKs;* dk tUe lu~1911 esam-iz- osQ nsofj;k ftysosQ dfl;k (oqQ'khuxj) bykosQ esagqvkA izkjafHkd f'k{kk tEew&d'ehj esagqbZvkSj ch-,l-lh-ykgkSj lsdhA ozQkafrdkjh vkanksyu esaHkkx ysusosQ dkj.kvKs; dkstsy Hkh tkuk iM+kA

lkfgR; ,oa i=kdkfjrk dks iw.kZr% lefiZr vKs; usns'k&fons'k dh vusd ;k=kk, dhaA mUgksausdbZukSdfj;kdha

vkSj NksM+haA vkkknh osQ ckn dh gnh dfork ij vKs; dkO;kid izHkko gSA dfork osQ vykok mUgksaus dgkuh] miU;kl] ;k=kk&o`kkar] fuca/]vkykspuk vkfn vusd fo/kvksaesaHkh ys[ku fd;k gSA

AglaSem S
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fVIi.kh

AglaSem S


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fVIi.kh

AglaSem S


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1-,d rjg dk ok| ;a=k 2-izHkkr] losjk 3- yykV 4-,d izdkj dk fryd ftlesayykVij rhu vkM+h ;k vkZpanzkdkj js[kk,cukbZtkrh gSa

tgk yM+dksadk lax] rgk cktse`nax

1

tgk cqbksa dk lax] rgk[kjps dk raxgekjs firk rM+osQ2 mBdj] fucV&ugkdj iwtkdjus cSB tkrs FksA ge cpiu lsgh muosQ vaxyx x, FksA ekrk ls osQoy nw/ ihus rd dkukrk FkkA blfy, firk osQ lkFk gh ge Hkh ckgjdh cSBd esa gh lks;k djrsA og viuslkFk ghgesaHkh mBkrs vkSj lkFk gh ugyk&/qykdj iwtkij fcBk ysrsA ge HkHkwr dk fryd yxk nsusosQ

fy, mudksfnd djus yxrs FksA oqQN gldj] oqQN >q>ykdj vkSj oqQN MkVdj oggekjspkSM+s fyykj3esa f=kiqaM4dj nsrs FksA gekjsfyykj esaHkHkwr [kwc [kqyrh FkhA fljesayach&yach tVk, FkhaA HkHkwr jekus ls ge [kkls ^ce&Hkksyk* cu tkrs FksA

firk th geascM+sI;kj ls^HkksykukFk* dgdj iqdkjk djrsA ij vly esagekjk ukeFkk ^rkjosQ'ojukFk*A ge Hkh mudks ^ckcwth* dgdj iqdkjk djrs vkSj ekrk dks^eb;k*A

tc ckcw th jkek;.k dk ikB djrsrc ge mudh cxy esacSBs&cSBs vkbusesaviuk eqg fugkjk djrs FksA tc og gekjh vksj ns[krs rc ge oqQN ytkdj vkSjeqLkdjkdj vkbuk uhps j[k nsrsFksA og Hkh eqLkdjk iM+rsFksA

iwtk&ikB dj pqdusosQ ckn og jke&jke fy[kus yxrsA viuh ,d ^jkeukek cgh*ij gkkj jke&uke fy[kdj og mlsikB djus dh iksFkh osQ lkFk ck/dj j[k nsrsA fiQj

f'koiwtu lgk;

1ekrk dk vpyekrk dk vpyekrk dk vpyekrk dk vpyekrk dk vpy

AglaSem S
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2

AglaSem S
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ekrk dk vpy

3

5-ihB osQ cy ysVuk 6-feykuk] yisVuk] xw/uk 7-Hkj isV lsvf/d [kk ysuk8-LFkku] volj 9-ekrk

ikp lkS ckj dkxk osQ NksVs&NksVs VqdM+ksa ij jke&uke fy[kdj vkVs dh xksfy;ksaesa yisVrsvkSj mu xksfy;ksadks ysdj xaxk th dh vksj py iM+rsFksA

ml le; Hkh ge muosQ oaQ/sij fojkteku jgrsFksA tc og xaxk esa ,d&,d vkVsdh xksfy;kisaQddj eNfy;ksadksf[kykus yxrs rc Hkh ge muosQ oaQ/sij gh cSBs&cSBsglk djrs FksA tc og eNfy;ksadks pkjk nsdj ?kj dh vksj ykSVus yxrs rc chp jkLrsesa >qosQ gq, isM+ksa dh Mkyksaij gesafcBkdj >wyk >qykrs FksA

dHkh&dHkh ckcwth gelsoqQ'rh Hkh yM+rsA og f'kfFky gksdj gekjs cy dks c ysrk gS fd ge cgqr [kk x,_ vki f[kykusdk


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10-ljlksadk rsy 11-ljkcksj dj nsuk 12-NksVk 'kkfe;kuk 13-Hkkst] nkor14-Hkkstu djuk

tc ge lc cukoVh fpfM+;ksadkspV dj tkrsFksrc ckcwth dgusyxrsvPNk]vc rqe ^jktk* gks] tkvks[ksyksA

cl] ge mBdj mNyus&owQnusyxrs FksA fiQj jLlh esac/k gqvk dkB dk ?kksM+kysdj uax&kM+ax ckgj xyh esa fudy tkrs FksA

tc dHkh eb;k gesavpkud idM+ikrh rc gekjsyk[k NViVkus ij Hkh ,dpqYyw dM+ok rsy10gekjsflj ij Mky gh nsrh FkhA ge jksusyxrsvkSj ckcw th mlij fcxM+ [kM+s gksrs_ ij og gekjs flj esarsy cksFkdj11gesamcVdj gh NksM+rh FkhAfiQj gekjh ukHkh vkSj fyykj esadkty dh cnh yxkdj pksVh xwFkrh vkSj mlesaiwQynkj y^wck/dj jaxhu oqQjrk&Vksih iguk nsrh FkhA ge [kkls^dUgS;k* cudj ckcwthdh xksn esa flldrs&flldrs ckgj vkrsFksA

ckgj vkrs gh gekjh ckV tksgusokyk ckydksadk ,d >qaM fey tkrk FkkA ge mu[ksy osQ lkfFk;ksa dks ns[krs gh] fllduk Hkwydj] ckcwth dh xksn lsmrj iM+rsvkSjvius getksfy;ksaosQ ny esafeydj rek'ksdjusyx tkrsFksA

rek'ks Hkh ,sls&oSlsugha] rjg&rjg osQ ukVd! pcwrjsdk ,d dksuk gh ukVd&?kjcurk FkkA ckcw th ftl NksVh pkSdh ij cSBdj ugkrs Fks] ogh jaxeap curhA mlh ijljoaQMsosQ [kaHkksaij dkxk dk pnksvk12rkudj] feBkb;ksadh nqdku yxkbZ tkrhA mlesafpye osQ [kksaps ij diM+s osQ Fkkyksa esa


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15-vke dk mxrk gqvk ikSkk 16-ijnsosQ fy, Mkyk gqvk diM+k17-fe^h dk cuk fNNyk dVksjk

dHkh&dHkh ge yksx cjkr dk Hkh tqywl fudkyrsFksA duLrj dk racwjk ctrk]veksys15dksf?kldj 'kgukbZctk;h tkrh] VwVh pwgsnkuh dh ikydh curh] ge lekhcudj cdjs ij pqaM ns[k ikrs rcowQn&owQndj fpYykus yxrs Fks

pyksHkkb;ksnnjh] lrw filku dh eksVjhA

vxj fdlh nwYgs osQ vkxs&vkxstkrh gqbZvksgkjnkj ikydh ns[k ikrs] rc [kwc kksjls fpYykus yxrs Fks

AglaSem S
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18-vjgj 19-oqQksosQ 'kjhj esafpiosQ jgusokysNksVsdhM+s] fdyuh20-nhurkiwoZd dh tkusokyh izkFkZuk] fourh

jgjh18esajgjh iqjku jgjh] Mksyk osQ dfu;k gekj esgjhAblh ij ,d ckj cw


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ekbZ idkbZxjj&xjj iwvk] ge [kkbc iwvk] uk [ksyc tqvkAfiQj D;k Fkk] gekjk jksuk&/ksuk Hkwy x;kA ge gB djosQ ckcwth dh xksn lsmrj

iM+svkSj yM+dksa dh eaMyh esafeydj yxsogh rku&lqj vykiusA rc rd lc yM+osQlkeusokys edbZ osQ [ksr esa nkSM+ iM+sA mlesa fpfM+;ksa dk >qaM pj jgk FkkA osnkSM+&nkSM+dj mUgsa idM+usyxs] ij ,d Hkh gkFk u vkbZA ge [ksr lsvyx gh [kM+sgksdj xk jgsFks

jke th dh fpjbZ] jke th dk [ksr] [kk yks fpjbZ] Hkj&Hkj isVAgelsoqQN nwj ckcwth vkSj gekjsxko osQ dbZvkneh [kM+sgksdj rek'kk ns[k jgs

Fks vkSj ;gh dgdj glrs Fks fd fpfM+;k dh tku tk,] yM+dkasdk f[kykSuk*A lpeqp

^yM+osQ vkSj canj ijkbZihj ughale>rsA*,d Vhys ij tkdj ge yksx pwgksaosQ fcy lsikuh myhpusyxsAuhpsls mQij ikuh isaQduk FkkA ge lc Fkd x,A rc rd x.ks'k th osQ pwgsdh

j{kk osQ fy, f'ko th dk lki fudy vk;kA jksrs&fpYykrsge yksx csrgk'kk Hkkx pys!dksbZ vkSa/k fxjk] dksbZ vaVkfpVA fdlh dk flj iwQVk] fdlh osQ nkr VwVsA lHkhfxjrs&iM+rs HkkxsA gekjh lkjh nsg ygwyqgku gksxbZA iSjksaosQ ryosdkVksalsNyuh gksx,A

1-

AglaSem S
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16/54

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8

ge ,d lqj lsnkSM+s gq, vk, vkSj ?kj esa ?kql x,A ml le; ckcwth cSBd osQvkslkjs21esacSBdj gqDdk xqM+xqM+k jgsFksA mUgksausgesa cgqr iqdkjk ij mudh vulquhdjosQ ge nkSM+rsgq, eb;kosQ ikl gh pysx,A tkdj mlh dh xksn esa'kj.k yhA

^eb;k* pkoy vefu;k22dj jgh FkhA ge mlh osQ vkpy esafNi x,A gesaMjls dkirs ns[kdj og kksj lsjks iM+h vkSj lc dke NksM+cSBhA v/hj gksdj gekjsHk;dk dkj.k iwNusyxhA dHkh gesavax Hkjdj nckrh vkSj dHkh gekjsvaxksadksviusvkpy ls iksaNdj gesa pwe ysrhA cM+sladV esaiM+ xbZA

>ViV gYnh ihldj gekjs?kkoksa ij Fkksih xbZA ?kj esaoqQgjke ep x;kA ge osQoy/heslqj lslk---l---lk dgrsgq, eb;kosQ vkpy esayqosQ pys tkrsFksA lkjk 'kjhj

Fkj&Fkj dki jgk FkkA jksaxVs[kM+s gksx, FksA ge vk[ksa[kksyuk pkgrsFks_ ij os [kqyrhu FkhaA gekjs dkirsgq, vkasBksadkseb;k ckj&ckj fugkjdj jksrh vkSj cM+s ykM+ls gesaxysyxk ysrh FkhA

blh le; ckcw th nkSM+svk,A vkdj >V gesaeb;kdh xksn ls viuh xksn esaysusyxsA ij geuseb;k osQ vkpy dhizse vkSj 'kkafr osQ pnksosdhNk;k u NksM+h---A

21-cjkenk 22-lkI+kQ] 'kq

1- izLrqr ikB osQ vk/kj ij ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd cPpsdk viusfirk ls vf/dtqM+ko Fkk] fiQj Hkh foink osQ le; og firk osQ ikl u tkdj ekdh 'kj.k ysrk gSAvkidh le> lsbldh D;k otg gks ldrh gS\

2- vkiosQ fopkj lsHkksykukFk viuslkfFk;ksa dks ns[kdj fllduk D;ksaHkwy tkrk gS\

3- vkius ns[kk gksxk fd HkksykukFk vkSj mlosQ lkFkh tc&rc [ksyrs&[kkrsle; fdlh ufdlh izdkj dh rqdcanh djrsgSaA vkidks;fn vius[ksyksa vkfn lstqM+h rqdcanh ;kngksrks fyf[k,A

4- HkksykukFk vkSj mlosQ lkfFk;ksaosQ [ksy vkSj [ksyusdh lkexzh vkiosQ [ksy vkSj [ksyusdh lkexzh lsfdl izdkj fHkUu gS\

5- ikB esa vk, ,slsizlaxksadk o.kZu dhft, tksvkiosQ fny dksNwx, gksa\

6- bl miU;kl va'k esa rhl osQ n'kd dh xzkE; laLfr dk fp=k.k gSA vkt dh xzkeh.klaLfr esa vkidks fdl rjg osQ ifjorZu fn[kkbZnsrs gSaA

7- ikB i


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8- ;gkekrk&firk dk cPpsosQ izfr tksokRlY; O;Dr gqvk gSmlsvius'kCnksaesafyf[k,A

9-ekrk dk vpy'kh"kZd dh mi;qDrrk crkrsgq, dksbZvU; 'kh"kZd lq>kb,A

10- cPpsekrk&firk osQ izfr viusizse dksoSQlsvfHkO;Dr djrsgSa\

11- bl ikB esacPpksadh tksnqfu;k jph xbZgS og vkiosQ cpiu dh nqfu;k ls fdl rjgfHkUu gS\

12- iQ.kh'ojukFk js.kqvkSj ukxktqZu dh vkapfyd jpukvksadksif


18/54

o`Qfrdk10

;g ckr ml le; dh gStc baXySaM dh jkuh,fykkcsFk f}rh; e; vius ifr osQ gnqLrkuikkjus okyh FkhaA v[kckjksaesa mudh ppkZgksjghFkhA jksk yanu osQ v[kckjksals[kcjsa vk jgh Fkhafd 'kkgh nkSjsosQ fy, oSQlh&oSQlh rS;kfj;kgksjgh gSajkuh ,fykkcsFk dk njkh ijs'kku Fkk fdgnqLrku] ikfdLrku vkSj usiky osQ nkSjs ij jkuhdc D;k igusaxh\ mudk lsozsQVjh vkSj 'kk;ntklwl Hkh muosQ igys gh bl egk}hi dk

rwI+kQkuh nkSjk djus okyk FkkA vkf[kj dksbZekkd rksFkk ughaA kekuk pwfd u;k Fkk]I+kQkSt&iQkVsosQ lkFk fudyusosQ fnu chr pqosQ Fks] blfy, I+kQksVksxzkI+kQjksadh I+kQkSt rS;kj

gks jgh Fkh---baXySaM osQ v[kckjksa dh drjusa gnqLrkuh v[kckjksaesa nwljs fnu fpidh ukj vkrh

Fkha] fd jkuh us,d ,slk gyosQ uhysjax dk lwV cuok;k gS ftldk js'keh diM+kgnqLrku ls exk;k x;k gS---fd djhc pkj lkS ikSaM [kjpk ml lwV ij vk;k gSA

jkuh ,fykkcsFk dh tUei=kh Hkh NihA izl fiQfyi osQ dkjukesNisA vkSj rks vkSj]muosQ ukSdjksa] ckojfp;ksa] [kkulkeksa] vaxj{kdksadh iwjh dh iwjh thofu;k ns[kus esavkbA'kkgh egy esa jgus vkSj iyusokysoqQkksard dh rlohjsav[kckjksa esa Ni xb---

cM+h /we FkhA cM+k 'kksj&'kjkck FkkA 'ka[k baXySaM easct jgk Fkk] xwt gnqLrku esa vkjgh FkhA

bu [kcjksals gnqLrku esaluluh iSQy jgh FkhA jkt/kuh esargydk epk gqvk FkkAtksjkuh ikp gtkj #i, dk js'keh lwV igudj ikye osQ gokbZ vasij mrjsxh] mlosQ

deys'oj

2tkWtZiape dh ukdtkWtZiape dh ukdtkWtZiape dh ukdtkWtZiape dh ukdtkWtZiape dh ukd

AglaSem S
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19/54

tkWtZ iape dh ukd11

1-LokHkkfod :i ls 2-dkseykaxh 3-[kaHkk] ewfrZ 4-HkykbZpkgusokys

fy, oqQN rks gksuk gh pkfg,A oqQN D;k] cgqr oqQN gksuk pkfg,A ftlosQ ckojph igysegk;q essa tku gFksyh ij ysdj yM+ pqosQ gSa] mldh 'kku&'kkSdr osQ D;k dgus] vkSjogh jkuh fnYyh vk jgh gS---u;h fnYyh usviuh rjI+kQ ns[kk vkSj cslk[rk1eqg lsfudy x;k] og vk, gekjs ?kj] [kqnk dh jger---dHkh ge mudks dHkh vius?kjdksns[krsgSa! vkSj ns[krs&ns[krs u;h fnYyh dk dk;kiyV gksus yxkA

vkSj dfj'ek rks ;g Fkk fd fdlh us fdlh lsughadgk] fdlh usfdlh dksughans[kk ij lM+osaQ toku gksxb] cq


20/54

o`Qfrdk12

mPp Lrj ij e'kojsgq,] fnekx [kjksaps x, vkSj ;g r; fd;k x;k fd gj gkyresabl ukd dk gksuk cgqr k:jh gSA ;g r; gksrs gh ,d ewfrZdkj dksgqDe fn;k x;kfd og I+kQkSju fnYyh esa gkfkj gksA

ewfrZdkj ;ksarks dykdkj Fkk ij kjk iSls ls ykpkj FkkA vkrsgh] mlus gqDdkeksa osQpsgjs ns[ks] vthc ijs'kkuh Fkh mu psgjksa ij] oqQN yVosQ] oqQN mnkl vkSj oqQNcngokl FksA mudh gkyr ns[kdj ykpkj dykdkj dh vk[kksa esa vklwvk x, rHkh ,dvkokk lqukbZnh] ewfrZdkj! tkWtZiape dh ukd yxkuh gS!

ewfrZdkj uslquk vkSj tokc fn;k] ukd yx tk,xhA ij eq>s;g ekywe gksukpkfg, fd ;g ykV dc vkSj dgkcuh FkhA bl ykV osQ fy, iRFkj dgklsyk;k

x;k Fkk\lc gqDdkeksa us,d nwljsdh rjI+kQ rkdk---,d dh ukj usnwljsls dgk fd ;g

crkusdh ftEesnkjh rqEgkjh gSA [kSj] elyk gy gqvkA ,d DyoZQ dks iQksu fd;k x;kvkSj bl ckr dh iwjh Nkuchu djusdk dke lkSai fn;k x;kA---iqjkRkRo foHkkx dhiQkbyksaosQ isV phjs x, ij oqQN Hkh irk ugha pykA DyoZQ us ykSVdj desVh osQ lkeusdkirsgq, c;ku fd;k] lj! esjh [krk ekI+kQ gks] I+kQkbysalc oqQN gke dj pqdh gSaA

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21/54

tkWtZ iape dh ukd13

5-fdlh dk;ZosQ gksus;k u gksus dh iwjh ftEesnkjh] dk;ZHkkj

gqDdkeksa osQ psgjksa ij mnklh osQ ckny Nk x,A ,d [kkl desVh cukbZ xbZ vkSjmlosQ ftEes;g dke ns fn;k x;k fd tSLksHkh gks] ;g dke gksuk gSvkSj bl ukddk nkjksenkj5vki ij gSA

vkf[kj ewfrZdkj dks fiQj cqyk;k x;k] mluselyk gy dj fn;kA og cksyk]iRFkj dh fdLe dk Bhd irk ughapyk rks ijs'kku er gksb,] eSagnqLrku osQ gjigkM+ ij tkmQxk vkSj ,slk gh iRFkj [kkstdj ykmQxkA desVh osQ lnL;ksadh tku esatku vkbZA lHkkifr uspyrs&pyrsxoZlsdgk] ,slh D;k phk gStks gnqLrku easfeyrh ughaA gj phk bl ns'k osQ xHkZesa fNih gS] k:jr [kkst djus dh gSA [kkst djusosQ fy, esgur djuh gksxh] bl esgur dk iQy gesa feysxk---vkus okyk kekuk

[kq'kgky gksxkA;g NksVk&lk Hkk"k.k I+kQkSju v[kckjksaesaNi x;kAewfrZdkj gnqLrku osQ igkM+h izns'kksavkSj iRFkjksadh [kkuksaosQ nkSjsij fudy iM+kA

oqQN fnu ckn og grk'k ykSVk] mlosQ psgjs ij ykur cjl jgh Fkh] mlus fljyVdkdj [kcj nh] gnqLrku dk pIik&pIik [kkst Mkyk ij bl fdLe dk iRFkjdgha ugha feykA ;g iRFkj fons'kh gSA

lHkkifr usRkS'k esavkdj dgk] ykur gSvkidh vDy ij! fons'kksadh lkjh phksage viuk pqosQ gSafny&fnekx] rkSj&rjhosQ vkSj jgu&lgu] tc gnqLrku esacky Mkalrd fey tkrk gSrksiRFkj D;ksa ugha fey ldrk\

ewfrZdkj pqi [kM+k FkkA lglk mldh vk[kksaesaped vk xbZA mlusdgk] ,d ckreSadguk pkgwxk] ysfdu bl 'krZij fd ;g ckr v[kckj okyksard u igqps---

lHkkifr dh vk[kksa esaHkh ped vkbZA pijklh dksgqDe gqvk vkSj dejs osQ lcnjokkscan dj fn, x,A rc ewfrZdkj usdgk] ns'k esa vius usrkvksa dh ewfrZ;k HkhgSa] vxj btkkr gksvkSj vki yksx Bhd le>sa rks---esjk eryc gSrks---ftldh ukdbl ykV ij Bhd cSBs] mls mrkj yk;k tk,---

lcuslcdh rjI+kQ ns[kkA lcdh vk[kksaesa ,d {k.k dh cngoklh osQ ckn [kq'khrSjus yxhA lHkkifr us /hesls dgk] ysfdu cM+h gksf'k;kjh lsA

vkSj ewfrZdkj fiQj ns'k&nkSjs ij fudy iM+kA tkWtZiape dh [kksbZgqbZukd dk uki

mlosQ ikl FkkA fnYyh lsog cacbZ igqpkA nknkHkkbZukSjksth] xks[kys] fryd] f'kokth]dkWolth tgkxhjlcdh ukosaQ mlusVVksyha] ukiha vkSj xqtjkr dh vksj Hkkxk xkakh

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22/54

o`Qfrdk14

th] ljnkj iVsy] fo_yHkkbZ iVsy] egknso nslkbZdh ewfrZ;ksa dksij[kk vkSj caxky dhvksj pykxq#nso johanzukFk] lqHkk"kpanzcksl] jktk jkeeksgu jk; vkfn dks Hkh ns[kk]uki&tks[k dh vkSj fcgkj dh rjI+kQ pykA fcgkj gksrk gqvk mkj izns'k dh vksjvk;kpanz'ks[kj vkkkn] fcfLey] eksrhyky usg:] enueksgu ekyoh; dh ykVksa osQikl x;kA ?kcjkgV esa enzkl Hkh igqpk] lR;ewfrZ oQks Hkh ns[kk vkSj eSlwj&osQjy vkfnlHkh izns'kksa dk nkSjk djrk gqqvk iatkc igqpkykyk yktirjk; vkSj Hkxrlg dh ykVksals Hkh lkeuk gqvkA vkf[kj fnYyh igqpk vkSj mlusviuh eqf'dy c;ku dh] iwjsgnqLrku dh ifjozQek dj vk;k] lc ewfrZ;kns[k vk;kA lcdh ukdksadk uki fy;kij tkWtZiape dh bl ukd ls lc cM+h fudyhaA

lqudj lc grk'k gksx, vkSj >q>ykusyxsA ewfrZdkj us


23/54

tkWtZ iape dh ukd15

v[kckjksaesa flI+kZQ bruk Nik fd ukd dk elyk gy gks x;k gSvkSj jktiFk ijbafM;k xsV osQ ikl okyh tkWtZiape dh ykV osQ ukd yx jgh gSA

ukd yxus ls igysfiQj gfFk;kjcan igjsnkjksa dh rSukrh gqbZA ewfrZosQ vkl&ikl dkrkykc lq[kkdj lkI+kQ fd;k x;kA mldh jokc fudkyh xbZvkSj rkkk ikuh Mkyk x;krkfd tksknk ukd yxkbZtkus okyh Fkh] og lw[kusu ik,A bl ckr dh [kcj turkdksughaFkhA ;g lc rS;kfj;kHkhrj&Hkhrj py jgh FkhaA jkuh osQ vkusdk fnu uknhdvkrk tk jgk Fkk ewfrZdkj [kqn vius crk, gy ls ijs'kku FkkA knk ukd ykusosQ fy,mlus desVh okyksa ls oqQN vkSj enn ekxhA og mlsnh xbZA ysfdu bl fgnk;r osQlkFk fd ,d [kkl fnu gj gkyr esa ukd yx tkuh pkfg,A

vkSj og fnu vk;kAtkWtZiape osQ ukd yx xbZAlc v[kckjksa us[kcjsa Nkiha fd tkWtZiape osQ knk ukd yxkbZxbZ gS---;kuh ,slh

ukd tksdrbZiRFkj dh ugha yxrhAysfdu ml fnu osQ v[kckjksaeas,d ckr xkSj djusdh FkhA ml fnu ns'k esa dgha

Hkh fdlh mn~?kkVu dh [kcj ugha FkhA fdlh us dksbZ iQhrk ughadkVk FkkA dksbZlkoZtfud lHkk ugha gqbZFkhA dghaHkh fdlh dk vfHkuanu ughagqvk Fkk] dksbZekui=kHksaV djus dh ukScr ugha vkbZFkhA fdlh gokbZ vas;k LVs'ku ij Lokxr&lekjksg ughagqvk FkkA fdlh dk rkkk fp=k ughaNik FkkA

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(d) bl izdkj dh i=kdkfjrk osQ ckjsesa vkiosQ D;k fopkj gSa\([k) bl rjg dh i=kdkfjrk vke turk fo'ks"kdj ;qok ih


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o`Qfrdk16

5- tkW tZiape dh ykV dh ukd dksiqu% yxkus osQ fy, ewfrZdkj us D;k&D;k ;Ru fd,\6- izLrqr dgkuh esatxg&txg oqQN ,slsdFku vk, gSatksekStwnk O;oLFkk ij djkjh pksVdjrs gSaA mnkgj.k osQ fy, iQkbysa lc oqQN gke dj pqdh gSaA* lc gqDdkeksaus,dnwljsdh rjI+kQ rkdkA* ikB esavk, ,sls vU; dFku NkVdj fyf[k,A

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9- v[kckjk sausknk ukd yxus dh [kcj dksfdl rjg ls izLrqr fd;k\

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11- tkW tZiape dh ukd yxusokyh [kcj osQ fnu v[kckj pqi D;ksa Fks\

AglaSem S
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1-bfUnz;ksalsijs 2-izdk'k] mtkyk

eSausgSjku gksdj ns[kkvkleku tSls myVk iM+kFkk vkSj lkjs rkjs fc[kjdj uhps fVefVek jgsFksAnwj---esalEeksgu txk jgh Fkh] oqQN bl dnj fd mu tknwHkjs{k.kksaesaesjk lc oqQN LFkfxrFkk] vFkZghu Fkk---eSa] esjh psruk] esjk vkl&iklA esjsHkhrj&ckgj flI+kZQ 'kwU; Fkk vkSj Fkhvrhafnz;rk1esa Mwch jks'kuh dh og tknqbZ>kyjA

khjs&khjs ,d mtkl2ml 'kwU; lsiwQVus yxk---,d izkFkZuk gkasBksadksNwusyxh---lkuk&lkuk gkFk tksfM+] xnZgqizkFkZukA gkezks thou frezksdkSlsyh (NksVs&NksVs gkFk tksM+djizkFkZuk dj jgh gwfd esjk lkjk thou vPNkb;ksa dks lefiZr gks)A vkt lqcg dh izkFkZukosQ ;scksy eSaus ,d usikyh ;qorh lslh[ksFksA

lqcg geas;weFkkax osQ fy, fudy iM+uk Fkk] ij vk[k [kqyrs gh eSa ckyduh dhrjI+kQ HkkxhA ;gk osQ yksxksaus crk;k Fkk fd ;fn ekSle lkI+kQ gksrksckYkduh ls HkhoaQputa?kk fn[kkbZnsrh gSA fgeky; dh rhljh lclscM+h pksVh oaQputa?kk! ij ekSlevPNk gksus osQ ckokwn vkleku gYkosQ&gYkosQ cknyksals


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o`Qfrdk

18

3-rjg&rjg osQ

rjg bl ckj Hkh cknyksaosQ dikV BkoqQj th osQ dikV dh rjg can gh jgsA oaQputa?kku fn[kuh Fkh] u fn[khA ij lkeusgh jde&jde3osQ jax&fcjaxsbrus lkjsiwQy fn[kkbZiM+sfd yxk iwQyksaosQ ckx esavk xbZgwA

cgjgky---xSaxVkWd ls 149 fdyksehVj dh nwjh ij ;weFkkax FkkA ;weFkkax ;kuh?kkfV;k---lkjs jkLrs fgeky; dh xgure ?kkfV;k vkSj iwQyksa lsynh okfn;k feysaxhvkidks Mkboj&de&xkbM ftrsu ukxsZ eq>scrk jgk FkkA D;k ogk cI+kZQ feysxh\ eSacpdkus mRlkg lsiwNus yxrh gwA

pfy, rks---Atxg&txg xnjk, ikbZu vkSj kwih osQ [kwclwjr uqdhysisM+ksadk tk;tk ysrs gq, ge

igkM+h jkLrksa ij vkxs c


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lkuk lkuk gkFk tksfM+---

19

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j+rk&j+rk4ge mQpkbZ dh vksj c


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bl fc[kjh vlhe lqanjrk dk eu ij ;g izHkko iM+k fd lHkh lSykuh >we&>wedjxkusyxslqgkuk lI+kQj vkSj ;sekSle glh---A

ij eSaekSu FkhA fdlh f"k dh rjg 'kkar FkhA eSapkgrh Fkh fd bl lkjsifjn`';dksvius Hkhrj Hkj ywA ij esjs Hkhrj oqQN cwn&cwn fi?kyus yxk FkkA thi dh f[kM+dhls eqaMdh6fudky&fudky eSa dHkh vkleku dksNwrsioZrksaosQ f'k[kj ns[krh rks dHkhmQij ls nwk dh kkj dh rjg >j&>j fxjrs ty&izikrks a dksA rks dHkh uhpsfpdus&fpdusxqykch iRFkjksaosQ chp bByk&bByk dj cgrh] pknh dh rjg dkSakekjrh cuh&Buh frLrk unh dksA flyhxqM+h ls gh gekjs lkFk Fkh ;g frLrk unhA ij ;gkmldk lkSan;Z ijkdk"Bk ij FkkA bruh [kwclwjr unh eSausigyh ckj ns[kh FkhA eSajksekafpr

FkhA iqyfdr FkhA fpfM+;k osQ ia[kksadh rjg gYkdh FkhAesjs uxifr esjsfo'kkyeSausfgeky; dks lykeh nsuh pkgh fd rHkh thi ,d

txg jQdh---[kwc mQpkbZ ls iwjs osx osQ lkFk mQij f'k[kjksa osQ Hkh f'k[kj lsfxjrk isQumxyrk >jukA bldk uke Fkk^lsou flLVlZokWVj iQkWyA* +yS'k pedusyxsA lHkhlSykuh bu [kwclwjr yEgksa dh jaxr dks oSQejs esaoSQn djusesae'kxwy7FksA

vkfne ;qx dh fdlh vfHk'kIr8jktoqQekjh&lh eSaHkh uhps fc[kjsHkkjh&HkjdeiRFkjksa ij cSB >jusosQ laxhr osQ lkFk gh vkRek dk laxhr lquusyxhA FkksM+h nsj ckngh cgrh tykkjk esa iko Mqcks;k rksHkhrj rd Hkhx xbZA eu dkO;e; gks mBkA lR;vkSj lkSan;Z dksNwusyxkA

thou dh vuarrk dk izrhd og >juk---mu vn~Hkqr&vuwBs{k.kksaesa eq>esathoudh 'kfDr dk vglkl gks jgk FkkA bl dnj izrhr gqvk fd tSls eSaLo;aHkh ns'k vkSjdky dhljgnksa9lsnwj cgrh kkjk cu cgus yxh gwA Hkhrj dh lkjh rkefldrk,10vkSjnq"V okluk,11bl fueZy kkjk esa cg xbA eu gqvk fd vuar le; rd ,sls gh cgrhjgw---lqurh jgw bl >jusdh iqdkj dksA ij ftrsu eq>sBsyusyxk---vkxsblls Hkh lqanjukkjsfeysaxsA

vueuh&lh eSa mBhA FkksM+h nsj ckn gh fiQj ogh ukkjsvk[kksavkSj vkRek dkslq[knsusokysA dgha pVd gjsjax dk eksVk dkyhu vks


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21

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khjs&khjskqak dh pknj FkksM+h NVhA vc ogkigkM+ugha] nks foijhr fn'kkvksalsvkrsNk;k&igkM+ Fks vkSj FkksM+h nsj ckn gh os Nk;k&igkM+viusJs"Bre :i esaesjslkeusFksA thi FkksM+h nsj osQ fy, #dok nh xbZ FkhA eSausxnZu ?kqekbZ---lc vksj tSlstUur13fc[kjh iM+h FkhA ukjksaosQ Nksj rd [kwclwjrh gh [kwclwjrhA viusdksfujarjnsnsus dh vuqHkwfr djkrsioZr] >jus] iwQyksa] ?kkfV;ksa vkSj okfn;ksa osQ nqyZHk ukkjs! oghadgha fy[kk Fkk---^Fkd xzhuA*

vk'p;Z! iyHkj esa czkaM esafdruk oqQN ?kfVr gks jgk FkkA lrr izokgeku >jus]uhps osx ls cgrh frLrk unhA lkeus mBrh kaqkA mQij eMjkrs vkokjk cknyAefe&efe gok esafgyksjsysrsfiz;qrk vkSj :MksMsaMksosQ iwQyA lc viuh&viuh y;rku vkSj izokg esacgrsgq,A pSjosfr&pSjosfr14A vkSj le; osQ blh lrr izokg esafruosQ&lk cgrk gekjk okwn15A

igyh ckj vglkl gqvk---thou dk vkuan gS;gh pyk;eku lkSan;ZAlaiw.kZrk osQ mu {k.kksa esa eu bl fc[kjslkSan;Zlsbl dnj ,dkRe gksjgk Fkk fd

Hkhrj&ckgj dh js[kk feV xbZFkh] vkRek dh lkjh f[kM+fd;k[kqyus yxh Fkha---eSa lpeqpbZ'oj osQ fudV FkhA lqcg lh[kh izkFkZuk fiQj gksBksa dksNwusyxh Fkh---lkuk&lkuk gkFk

tksfM+---fd rHkh og vrhafnz; lalkj [kaM&[kaM gksx;k! og egkHkko lw[kh Vguh&lkVwV x;kA

njvly ea=keqXk&lh eSa rafnzy voLFkk esa gh FkksM+h nwj rd fudy vkbZFkh fdvpkud ikoksa ij czsd lh yxh---tSlslekfkLFk Hkko esau`R; djrh fdlh vkReyhuu`R;kaxuk osQ uqiwj vpkud VwV x, gksaA eSausns[kk bl vf}rh; lkSan;Zlsfujis{k oqQNigkM+h vkSjrsaiRFkjksa ij cSBha iRFkj rksM+jgh FkhaA xqFksvkVs&lh dksey dk;k ij gkFkksaesaoqQnky vkSj gFkkSM+s! dbZ;ksa dh ihB ij ckh Mksdks(cM+h Vksdjh) esamuosQ cPpsHkhcksgq, FksA oqQN oqQnky dks Hkjiwj rkdr osQ lkFk kehu ij ekj jgh FkhaA

brusLoxhZ; lkSan;Z] unh] iwQyksa] okfn;ksavkSj >juksaosQ chp Hkw[k] ekSr] nSU; vkSj

knk jgus dh ;g tax! ekrRo vkSj Je lkkuk lkFk&lkFkA ogha ij [kM+sch-vkj-vks-(cksMZ jksM vkxsZukbts'ku) osQ ,d deZpkjh lsiwNk eSaus] ;g D;k gksjgk gS\ mlus

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o`Qfrdk

22

pqgyckkh osQ vankk esa crk;k ftu jkLrksalsxqkjrsgq, vki fge&f'k[kjksa ls VDdjysustk jgh gSamUghajkLrksadks;s igkfM+usapkSM+k cuk jgh gSaA

cM+k [krjukd dk;Zgksxk ;g esjs eqg ls vdLekr fudykA og lathnk gksx;kAdgusyxk] fiNyseghus rks,d dh tku Hkh pyh xbZ FkhA cM+k nqlk; dk;ZgSigkM+ksaij jkLrk cukukA igys MkbukekbV ls p^kuksadks mM+k fn;k tkrk gSA fiQj cM+s&cM+siRFkjksa dks rksM+&eksM+dj ,d vkdkj osQ NksVs&NksVs iRFkjksaeas cnyk tkrk gS] fiQj cM+s&lstkysesamUgsayach i^h dh rjg fcBkdj dVsjkLrksa ij ckM+s dh rjg yxk;k tkrk gSAkjk&lh pwd vkSj lhkk ikrky izos'k!

vkSj rHkh eq>s;ku vk;k---bUghajkLrksaij ,d txg flfDde ljdkj dk cksMZyxk

Fkk ftl ij cM+s&cM+sv{kjksaesafy[kk Fkk] ,oj oaMMZ gwfMiQkbM MsFk VwfcYM nhtjksM~lA (vki rkTtqc djsaxsij bu jkLrksadkscukusesayksxksausekSr dks>qByk;k gSA)

,dk,d esjk ekufld pSuy cnykA eu ihNs ?kwe x;kA blh izdkj ,d ckj iykewvkSj xqeyk osQ taxyksa esa ns[kk Fkk---ihB ij cPps dks diM+sls ckkdj ikksadh ryk'kesaou&ou Mksyrh vkfnoklh ;qofr;kA mu vkfnoklh ;qofr;ksaosQ iwQysgq, iko vkSj

AglaSem S
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16-gkFk esa iM+usokyh xkBsa;k fu'kku 17-de ysuk vkSj T;knk nsuk 18-cs [kkstrs&[kkstrs ogkrd vk x, FksAeq>sxexhu ns[k ftrsu dgusyxk] eSMe] ;s esjsns'k dh vke turk gS] bUgsa rks vkidgha Hkh ns[k ysaxh---vki bUgsaugha] igkM+ksa dh lqanjrk dks nsf[k,---ftlosQ fy, vkibrusiSls [kpZ djosQ vkbZ gSaA

^;s ns'k dh vke turk gh ugha] thou dk izfr larqyu Hkh gSaA ;s ^osLV ,Vfjisbx*17gSaA fdruk de ysdj ;slekt dks fdruk vfkd okil ykSVk nsrh gSa*] eu

gh eu lkspk eSausA ge okil thi dh vksj eqM+us yxs fd rHkh eSaus ns[kkosJe&lqanfj;k fdlh ckr ij bl dnj f[kyf[kykdj gl iM+h Fkhafd thou ygjk mBkFkk vkSj og lkjk [kaMgj rktegy cu x;k FkkA

ge yxkrkj mQpkbZ;ksaij p


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19-kheh] gydh

kjk Hkh larqyu fcxM+s] bap Hkj Hkh thi bkj&mkj f[klosQ rksge lhks?kkfV;ksaesa! bujkLrksaij txg&txg fy[kh psrkofu;k Hkh gesa[krjksaosQ izfr ltx dj jgh FkhaA lkeusgh fy[kk Fkk^khjspyk,] ?kj eas cPpsvkidk barkkj dj jgsgSaA

FkksM+k vkSj vkxscqukgV&lhA vk[ksa vuk;kl Hkj vkbAKku dk uUgk&lk cksfklRo tSlsHkhrj mxus yxk---ogha lq[k 'kkafr vkSj lqowQu gS tgkv[kafMr laiw.kZrk gSisM+] ikSks] i'kq] vkSj vknehlc viuh&viuh y;] rky vkSj

xfr esagSaA gekjh ih


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20-fo"k] kgj 21-feyu] la;ksx 22-ry] Lrj 23-ppkZ esavkuk 24-fuxy fy;k

vksjk gksusosQ igys gh fdlh izdkj Mxexkrh f'kykvksa vkSj iRFkjksa lsgksdj frLrkunh dh kkj rd igqphA cgrsikuh dks viuh vatqfy esa Hkjk rksvrhr Hkhrj kM+dusyxk---Le`fr esadkSakk---gekjs ;gk ty dks gkFk esa ysdj ladYi fd;k tkrk gS---D;kladYi d:\ ij eSaladYi dh fLFkfr esaughaFkh---Hkhrj Fkh ,d izkFkZuk---,d dekksjO;fDr dh izkFkZuk---Hkhrj dk lkjk gykgy20] lkjh rkefldrk, cg tk,---blh cgrhkkjk esa! jkr khjs&khjsxgjkusyxhA fgeky; us dkyk oaQcy vks


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pyk jgk FkkA igkM+] isM+] vkdk'k] ?kkfV;k lc ij cknyksa dh ijrA lc oqQNcknye;A cknykasdksphjdj fudyrh gekjh thiA [krjukd jkLrksaosQ vglkl usgesaekSu dj fn;k FkkA vkSj ml ij ckfj'kA ,d pwd vkSj lc [kykl---lkl jksosQ ge kqakvkSj fiQlyu Hkjs jkLrsij lHky&lHkydj vkxs c


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esjs iko >u&>u djus yxs FksA ij eu oankou gks jgk FkkA Hkhrj tSlsnsork tkxx, FksA [okfg'k gqbZfd eSaHkh cI+kZQ ij ysVdj bl cI+kQhZyh tUur dks th Hkj ns[kwAij esjs ikl cI+kZQ ij iguus okysyacs&yacstwrs ugha FksA eSauspkgk fd fdjk, ij ysyw ij dVkvks] ;weFkkax vkSj >kaxwysd dh rjg VwfjLV LikWV26ughaFkk] bl dkj.k ;gk>kaxwdh rjg nqfu;k Hkj dh rksD;k ,d Hkh nqdku ugha FkhA [kSj---

nuknu I+kQksVks [kpokus dh ctk; eSaml lkjsifjn`'; dks vius Hkhrj yxkrkj [khapjgh Fkh ftllsegkuxj osQ MkoZQ :e esablsfiQj&fiQj ns[k lowQA laiw.kZrk osQ mu {k.kksaeas;g fgef'k[kj eq>s esjs vk;kfRed vrhr ls tksM+jgsFksA 'kk;n ,slh gh foHkksj djnsusokyh fnO;rk osQ chp gekjsf"k&eqfu;ksa us osnksa dh jpuk dh gksxhA thou lR;ksa

dks[kkstk gksxkA ^losZ Hkoarqlqf[ku%* dk egkea=k ik;k gksxkA vafre laiw.kZrk dk izrhdog lkSan;Z,slk fd cM+k lscM+k vijkkh Hkh bls ns[k ysrks {k.kksa osQ fy, gh lgh^d#.kk dk vorkj* cq cu tk,A

vkSj rHkh fnekx esadkSakk fd feYVu us bZo dh lqanjrk dk o.kZu djrs gq, fy[kkFkk fd 'kSrku Hkh mlsns[kdj Bxk&lk jg tkrk Fkk vkSj nwljksa dk veaxy djusdho`fk Hkwy tkrk FkkA eSaus ef.k lsiwNkD;k mlus i jgh FkhA og ,dk,d nk'kZfudksadh rjg dgus yxh] ;sfgef'k[kj ty LraHk gSa] iwjs ,f'k;k osQA ns[kks] izfr Hkh fdluk;kc huh&lh ijr eq> ij Nk xbZA mM+rscknyksadh rjg iRFkj rksM+rh mu igkfM+uksadk [k;ky vk x;kA

vkRek dh vuar ijrksadksNhyrk gqvk gekjk ;g lI+kQj FkksM+k vkSj vkxsc


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gl fn;k,d mnkl glh] vki pSu dh uhan lkslosaQ] blhfy, rksge ;gkigjknsjgsgSaA

^isQjh HksVqyk* (fiQj feysaxs) dgrsgq, ftrsu us thi pkywdj nhA FkksM+h nsj ckngh fiQj fn[kh ,d I+kQkSth Nkouh ftl ij fy[kk Fkk^oh fxo voj VqMsiQkWj ;ksjVqekjksA*

eu mnkl gksx;kA Hkhrj oqQN fi?kyus yxkA egkuxj esa jgrsgq, dHkh ;ku ghugha vk;k fd ftu cI+kQhZysbykdksaesaoSlk[k osQ eghusesaHkh ikp feuV esagh gefBBqjus yxsFks] gekjs ;stoku ikS"k vkSj ek?k esa Hkh tcfd flok; isVksy osQ lc oqQNte tkrk gS] rSukr jgrs gSaA vkSj ftu ldjs ?kqekonkj vkSj [krjukd jkLrksalsxqkjus

Hkj easgekjsizk.k dki mBrsgSamu jkLrksa dkscukus esatkus fdruksaosQ thou viuhehvkn osQ iwoZ gh [kRe gksx, gSaA esjs fy, ;g ;k=kk lpeqp gh ,d [kkst ;k=kk FkhAiwjk lI+kQj psruk vkSj varjkRek esagypy epkusokyk FkkA cgjgky---vc ge yk;qaxokil ykSVdj fiQj ;weFkkax dh vksjA ftrsu oqQN fnu iwoZ gh usiky ls rkkk&rkkkvk;k FkkA

;weFkkax dh ?kkfV;ksa esa,d u;k vkd"kZ.k vkSj tqM+x;k Fkk---


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D;k\ foLe; vkSj vfo'okl lseSamls lqurh jghA D;k leqnzdh rjg oqQkksaij Hkh iwf.kZek dh pknuh dkeukvksadk okj&HkkVk txkrh gS! [kSj---A

ykSVrh ;k=kk esathi esa Hkh ftrsu gesajde&jde dh tkudkfj;k nsrk jgk eSMe];gk,d iRFkj gSftl ij xq#ukud osQ iqQV izV gSaA dgrsgSa ;gkxq#ukud dh Fkkyhls FkksM+slspkoy fNVd dj ckgj fxj x, FksA ftl txg pkoy fNVd dj fxjs Fks]ogk pkoy dh [ksrh gksrh gSA

djhc rhu&pkj fdyksehVj ckn gh mlus fiQj mxyh fn[kkbZ] eSMe bls [ksnqedgrsgSaA ;g iwjk yxHkx ,d fdyksehVj dk ,fj;k gSA ;gknsoh&nsorkvksadk fuoklgS] ;gktks xanxh iSQyk,xk] og ej tk,xkA

rqe yksx igkM+ksa ij xanxh ughaiSQykrs---\mlusthHk fudkyrsgq, dgkughaeSMe] igkM+] unh] >jus---ge budh iwtk

djrsgSa] bUgsa xank djsaxsrks ge ej tk,xsArHkh xSaxVkWd bruk lqanj gS ] eSausdgkAxSaxVkWd ughaeSMe xarksd dfg,A bldk vlyh uke xarksd gSA xarksd dk eryc

gS igkM+---AeSa oqQN iwNrh fd og fiQj pkyw gks x;k] eSMe ;weFkkax Hkh igysVwfjLV LikWV

ughaFkkA ;g rksflfDde tc Hkkjr esa feyk mlosQ Hkh dbZ o"kks ckn Hkkjrh; vkehZosQ dIrku 'ks[kj nkk osQ fnekx easvk;k fd ;gk flI+kZQ I+kQkSft;ksa dksj[kdj D;k gksxk]

?kkfV;ksa osQ chp jkLrsfudkydj bls VwfjLV LikWV cuk;k tk ldrk gSA vki nsf[k,]vHkh Hkh jkLrscu jgs gSaA

^gk] jkLrs vHkh Hkh cu gh jgs gSaA u,&u, LFkkuksadh [kkst vHkh Hkh tkjh gSA 'kk;neuq"; dh blh vlekIr [kkst dk uke lkSan;ZgS*---eu&gh&eu eSadgrh gwA

thi vkxs cyfeykrsflrkjksadh jks'kuh esaugk;k xarksd ysf[kdk dksfdl rjg lEeksfgr dj jgkFkk\

2- xarksd dks^esgurd'k ckn'kkgksadk 'kgj* D;ksa dgk x;k\

3- dHkh 'osr rks dHkh jaxhu irkdkvksa dk iQgjkuk fdu vyx&vyx voljksadh vksjlaosQr djrk gS\

4- ftrsu ukxsZ usysf[kdk dks flfDde dh izfr] ogkdh HkkSxksfyd fLFkfr ,oa tuthouosQ ckjs esa D;k egoiw.kZtkudkfj;k nha] fyf[k,A

iz'u&v

H;kl

AglaSem S
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5- yksax LVkWd esa?kwersgq, p dksns[kdj ysf[kdk dksiwjsHkkjr dh vkRek ,d&lhD;ksafn[kkbZ nh\

6- ftrsu ukxsZdh xkbM dh Hkwfedk osQ ckjs esafopkj djrs gq, fyf[k, fd ,d oqQ'kyxkbM esaD;k xq.k gksrs gSa\

7- bl ;k=kk&okk ar esa ysf[kdk usfgeky; osQ ftu&ftu :iksa dk fp=k [khapk gS] mUgsavius 'kCnksaesafyf[k,A

8- izfr osQ ml vuar vkSj fojkV Lo:i dksns[kdj ysf[kdk dksoSQlh vuqHkwfr gksrh gS\

9- izkfrd lkSan;Z osQ vykSfdd vkuan esa Mwch ysf[kdk dks dkSu&dkSu ls n'; >d>ksjx,\

10- lSykfu;ksadks izfr dh vykSfdd NVk dk vuqHko djokusesa fdu&fdu yksxksadk;ksxnku gksrk gS] mYys[k djsaA

11- fdruk de ysdj ;slekt dksfdruk vfkd okil ykSVk nsrh gSaA bl dFku osQvkkkj ij Li"V djsaa fd vke turk dh ns'k dh vkfFkZd izxfr esaD;k Hkwfedk gS\

12- vkt dh ih


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1-papy] vfLFkj

egkjk"Vh; efgykvksadh rjg kksrh yisV] dPNckks nqykjh nuknu naM yxkrh tk jgh FkhAmlosQ 'kjhj ls Vid&Viddj fxjh cwnksa lsHkwfe ij ilhusdk iqryk cu x;k FkkA dljrlekIr djosQ mlus pkj[kkusosQ vxksNs ls viukcnu iksaNk] ckk gqvk twM+k [kksydj flj dkilhuk lq[kk;k vkSj rRi'pkr vknedn vkbZusosQ lkeus[kM+h gksdj igyokuksadh rjg xoZlsvius HkqtnaMksa ij eqXk n`f"V isQjrs gq, I;kt osQVqdM+svkSj gjh fepZosQ lkFk mlusdVksjh esa

fHkxks, gq, pus pckus vkjaHk fd,Amldk p.kd&poZ.k&ioZ vHkh lekIr u gksik;k Fkk fd fdlh usckgj can njokks

dh oqaQMh [kV[kVkbZA nqykjh ustYnh&tYnh dPN [kksydj ckdk;ns kksrh iguh] osQ'klesVdj djhus ls ckk fy, vkSj rc njokksdh f[kM+dh [kksy nhA

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AglaSem S
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,gh BS;k>qyuh gsjkuh gks jkek!

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