Propaganda and Persuasive Techniques

to use and not to use

Propaganda Techniques

Used to influence people to believe, buy, or do something.

Name-CallingAn attack on a person instead of an issue.

Is this a good thing to use?

BandwagonPersuades the reader to do, think, or buy something because it is popular or because “everyone” is doing it.

How well does this work?

Red HerringAn attempt to distract the reader with details not relevant to the argument.

Does this make you sound like you know what you’re talking about?

TestimonialAttempts to persuade the reader by using a famous person to endorse a product or idea

Got Milk?

Sweeping generalization (stereotyping)

Makes an oversimplified statement about a group based on limited information.

Avoid words such as always, everybody, never, and none.

Circular ArgumentStates a conclusion as part of the proof of the argument.This is just restating something in other words without offering proof.We need a new traffic light at the corner because it’s necessary.

Either-OrStating that there are only two possible alternatives (Either I get into the college of my dreams, or my life is ruined).Really? (Try not to use this!)

Cause and EffectAssuming that because event B followed event A, A caused B.I flunked the test because Joe sat beside me instead of in front of me.

Glittering GeneralityUsing words linked to highly valued concepts.When these words are used, they demand approval without thinking, simply because such an important concept is involved.Honor, glory, love of country, freedom, democracy

TransferLinking something we respect and revere to something the person wants us to believe.

The American Flag or even the Swastika

What to Use?EthosPathosLogosDefense of a Claim:

Support provided to mark an assertion as reasonable.