Major ports in India&

Airline industry: The player of air cargo industry

Joshy JosephRoll no :9

Mtech S2 IE&M

Ports are traditionally major channel for cargo movement.

Play an important role in growth of the trade and economy of a nation.

A port is a location on a coast or shore containing one or more harbours where ships can dock and transfer people or cargo to or from land.

India has a long coastline, spanning 7516.6 kilometres.

Cargo handling is projected to grow at 7.7% until 2013-14.

13 major ports (12 government and 1 corporate) and 187 notified minor and intermediate ports .

Air cargo industry in growth stage. The rapid growth of international trade and

merchandise export to boost prospects of the Air

Air cargo industry.

Introduction

13 major ports (6 on West and 7 on East coast) and 187 minor ports in India.

Governed by the Central Government 60% of India’s container traffic is handled by the

Mumbai Port and Jawaharlal Nehru Port trust in Navi Mumbai.

Major ports handled over 74% of all cargo traffic. International Container Transshipment Terminal (ICTT)

at Vallarpadam Cargo handling is projected to grow at 7.7% until 2013-14.

Tariff regulated by TAMP.(Tariff Authority for Major Ports).

Ennore port is India’s only Corporate Port. Responsibility of the Ministry of Shipping, Road

Transport and Highways

Major ports in India

Port Cargo Handled(Tonnes)

Kolkata (Kolkata Dock System & Haldia Dock Complex)

46,295

Paradip 57,011

Visakhapatnam 65,501

Chennai 61,057

Tuticorin 23,787

Kochi 17,429

New Mangalore Port 35,528

Mormugao 48,847

Mumbai 54,453

JNPT 60,746

Ennore (corporate) 10,703

Kandla 79,521

List of Major Ports

1.Kolkata port• first Major Port, and the oldest operating port in India• Situated in eastern cost of India in West Bengal.• Constructed by the British East India Company.Commissioned in

1870.• Operated by Kolkata Port Trust & owned by Govt of India.• 6 Petroleum Wharves 28 Berths 2.Haldia port• Situated in eastern cost of India in West Bengal.• Comprises 3 riverine Oil Jetties, 12 berths .• Land Area: 6367 acres • Commissioned in 1977• Operated by Kolkata Port Trust & owned by Govt of India

3.Visakhapatnam port• East coast of India in  Andra Pradesh.• The Port was opened to ocean traffic on 7th October, 1933• The Port has three harbours outer harbour, inner harbour and the fishing

harbour• Totally having 24 berths.• Operated by Visakhapatnam port Trust &owned by Govt of India.• 4. Chennai Port• Chennai Port, formerly known as Madras Port, the second largest port

of India, behind the Mumbai Port• The largest port in the Bay of Bengal.• Opened 1881,Chennai Port has 21 alongside berths in the 3 Docks viz.,

Operated by Chennai Port Trust & owned by Govt of India.• Dr. Ambedkar Dock, Jawahar Dock, Bharathi Dock and Container

Terminal.• Main trades• Automobiles, motorcycles and general industrial cargo including iron ore,

granite, coal, fertilizers, petroleum products, and containers Major exports: Iron ore, leather, cotton textiles Major imports: Wheat, raw cotton, machinery,

iron & steel

5.Tuticorin Port• Also known as V.O.Chidambaram Port • Type of harbour Medium seaport (Artificial)• Land area 2150 acres (870.75 hectares)•

Major imports: Coal, cement, finished fertilizers, raw fertilizer materials, rock phosphate, petroleum products, petroleum coke, and edible oils

Major exports: General cargo, building materials, liquid cargoes, sugar, granite, limonite ore, iron ore etc.

• It is second-largest port in Tamil Nadu and fourth-largest container terminal in India after Kochi International Container Transshipment Terminal, Jawaharlal Nehru Port (Mumbai) and Chennai Port.

• Commissioned in 1979• Operated by V.O.Chidambaram Port Trust & owned by Govt of

India.

• 6.Marmagao Port• In the western coast of India (Goa)• Commissioned in 1963• Main trades• Steel products, Bulk Coal, Pellets, coke, Liquid bulk • Iron ore ,General cargo and containers.• Operated by Marmagao Port.• Having 11 berth 7.New Mangalore Port• The New Mangalore Port, the only Major Port of

Karnataka• The fast developing Port on the West Coast• Having 15 berth• Commissioned in 1974.• Major export: Iron Ore Concentrates& Pellets, • Iron Ore Fines, granite stones, containerized cargo, etc. • Major imports : Crude and POL products, LPG, wood pulp,

timber logs, finished fertilizers, liquid ammonia, phosphoric acid, other liquid chemicals, containerized cargo, etc

• 8.Mumbai Port• earlier known as Bombay Port • Mumbai Port were built in the 1870s• The harbour spread over 400 square kilometres. • Largest port in India.• Situated in western cost of India.( Maharashtra)• Operated by Mumbai Port Trust & owned by Govt of India.• Having 21 berths • 9.Ennore port• The first port in India which is a public company• The Centre govt holds a stake of about 68 per cent in the Ennore

Port and the remaining 32 per cent is held by the Chennai Port Trust. • It was originally conceived as a satellite port to the Chennai Port• Main trades• Thermal coal, iron ore, LNG, POL, chemical and other liquids,• crude and other bulk and rock mineral products• Operated by & Owned by Ennore Port Limited.• Commissioned in 2001.

10.J.N.P (JAWAHARLAL NEHRU PORT )• J.N.P Commissioned on 26th May 1989.• Land Area : 2584 Hectares• Having 9 berths• Handles containers, liquid bulk & cement ships• Major exports : textiles, sporting goods, carpets,• textile machinery, boneless meat, chemicals and • pharmaceuticals• Major imports: chemicals, machinery, plastics, • electrical machinery, vegetable oils and • aluminium and other non-ferrous metal .• Operated by J.N.P.T & owned by Govt of India• 11.Kandla port• Located on the Gulf of Kutch(Gujarat)• It is one of major ports on west coast• It was declared a major port in April 1955• Having 11 berth • Main trades• Industrial coal, copper concentrate, fertilizer, timber logs, iron ore, Coal,

cement, raw fertilizer materials, rock phosphate, petroleum products, petroleum coke etc..

.

•12.Paradip Port•is an artificial, deep-water port on the East coast of India in Orissa•The port is spread over an area of over 7,000 acres•Commissioned in 1966.•Operated by Paradip Port Trust & owned by Govt of India.•Major exports: Iron ore, leather etcMajor imports: Wheat, machinery, iron & steel etc

13.Cochin Port• Major port on the Arabian Sea – Indian Ocean sea-route and is one of the largest ports in India.

•establishThe port lies on two islands in the Lake of Kochi: Willingdon Island and Vallarpadam, towards the Fort Kochi river mouth opening onto the Arabian Sea.•ed in 1926.

•The Kochi International Container Transshipment Terminal (ICTT), locally known as the Vallarpadam Terminal , is a container trans-shipment facility which is part of the Kochi Port.

•It is the largest container transshipment facility in India.•Having 13 berths.

It is the only trans-shipment port in India

Being constructed in three stages, the first phase of the terminal was commissioned on 11 Feb 2011. 

The total cost of the project is estimated at  3200 crore. 

This can handle cargo up to one million TEUs (twenty-foot equivalent units) per annum. On completion of the third phase, the terminal will be able to handle 4 million TEUs of cargo per annum. 

The terminal is presently being operated by the Dubai Ports World (DPW), which will operate it for 30-years after which the control will come back to the Cochin Port Trust.

Vallarpadam Terminal

is a proposed port by the Arabian Sea at Thiruvananthapuram in India

Deepwater Multi purpose Seaport .

Vizhinjam International Seaport Limited (VISL) is a special purpose government company (fully owned by Government of Kerala) that would act as a implementing agency.

Once the port is up, Indian exporters will not have to rely on foreign ports for trans-shipment of cargo. It is expected to save at least 1000 crores in expenditure annually.

Vizhinjam International Seaport

• Total about 187 minor & intermediate ports.

• Minor and intermediate ports are administered by the relevant departments or ministries in the nine coastal states—West Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra and Gujarat

• (Gujarat : 40, Maharashtra : 53, Tamil Nadu : 15, Andhra Pradesh : 12, Goa : 5, Karnataka : 10, Orissa : 2, Kerala : 13, West Bengal : 1, Daman & Diu : 1, Pondicherry : 1, Andaman & Nicobar : 23, Lakshadweep : 10)

Account for about 25 per cent of total cargo traffic Determine their own tariffs

Minor ports

Slowdown in international trade has affected cargo movement through ports.

Major ports have experienced cargo pressure.

Iron ore and fertilizers main laggards. Non major ports faring better compared to

major ports. Minor ports have diverse and captive cargo

streams. Minor ports expected to grow at faster rate

in future also.

Slowdown in Trade

50 million tonnes of goods transported every year.

It accounts for $5.3 trillion of business and 35% of value of goods traded.

Air cargo industry contributes 20% of revenue of airline operators.

Demand for rapid delivery of products and decreasing product life cycle contribute to growth of air cargo industry.

Just in Time manufacturing and global outsourcing also contribute to growth.

Air Cargo Industry

Airline operators. Ground handling service providers. Air cargo terminal operators. Domestic cargo service providers. Custom House agents. Airports. Air Traffic Regulator.

Major players in Air cargo industry

Air cargo terminal critical in air cargo supply chain.

It has 3 main users- airlines, air cargo terminal operators, and forwaders(cargo agents).

Air freight is 4-5 times costly as road transport and 12-16 times that of sea transport.

So high value goods and time sensitive ones carried by air cargo.

Documents, pharmaceuticals, electronic consumer goods, perishables like flowers and fruits carried by air cargo.

Air Cargo Terminal

Cargo transported by passenger aircrafts and also by dedicated freight aircrafts.

Express delivery service has emerged as key product.

Forwaders supplement the sales efforts of the carrier.

National forwaders enjoy good relationship with national carriers.

Speed of service, door to door delivery, tracking system, security and reliability are features of express delivery services.

Air Cargo in Logistics

Organised segment include key global players like DHL, FedEx, TNT and UPS.

FedEx, TNT and UPS operate their own international freighters.

DHL has tie up with domestic airlines. Bluedart, DTDC, First Flight, key players in

domestic segment.

Express Delivery service players

Trend of air cargo industry

Air cargo in different regions

Significant untapped potential for air cargo in India.

Total air cargo movement in India less than that of HongKong airport.

Express delivery industry to grow manifold in future.

Growth of Ecommerce industry with players like flipkart, shopperstop, augurs well for air cargo industry.

Security most important in air cargo movement.

Outlook for Air Cargo industry

THANK YOU……………….