MPACTIArizona State

Exploring Multicore-based Hardware/Software Architectures for

Mobile Edge Computing Device

IMPACT Lab

Arizona State University

MPACTIArizona State

Outline

• Mobile edge computing, mobile edge computing devices (MECD)– Wireless sensor network (WSN) applications

• Desirable MECD features

• Explore multi-core architectures for MECD

MPACTIArizona State

Wireless Sensor Network Hierarchy

WLAN

WLANWLAN

Back-end servers

MECDMobile edge computing device

Networked Sensors

MPACTIArizona State

WSN Applications

• Botanical garden (Ken)

• Ayushman (Krishna)

• Smart container (Guofeng)

• Kids network (Su)

Pay attention to:

• Structure hierarchy

• Potential term project topic

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Botanical Garden

MPACTIArizona State

Physical layer impact

• High temperatures reduce transmission range. 8 dB at 65 C.

• No WiFi farther out. Extension requires self-powered nodes. Solar power [1,2]

• Node power consumption. How to measure?

[1] http://www.ee.ucla.edu/~kansal/papers/sensys_hsu_05.pdf[2] http://camalie.com/WirelessSensing/WirelessSensors.htm

MPACTIArizona State

Operating system projects

• TinyOS vs. Contiki comparison– Both run on Tmote– Contiki adds protothreads and dynamic program

swapping

• TinyOS documentation– Hardware abstraction: MSP430, AVR128L;

CC1000, CC2420

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AyushmanRationale:• Aging Population• Increasing healthcare cost • Shortage of medical personnel

Goals: • Remote health monitoring (HM)• Test-bed for HM systems• Employ off-the-shelf components

– Wireless biosensors– Wearable/in-vivo

Desirable Properties:• Self-configuring • Real-time • Scalable

Challenges:• Integration of diverse technologies• Minimize data loss• Reliability • Maintaining safety & security

Status:• System development and Integration

Vision

Environmental Sensors (Temperature, Humidity)

Biomedical Sensors(EKG, BP)

Body Based Intelligence

Home/Ward Based Intelligence

External Gateway

Central Server

Medical Facility Based Intelligence

MedicalProfessional

InternetLocalGateway

OrganizationPatient

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Kids Networks

Su Jin Kim

MPACTIArizona State

Social Science Project• How children’s social interactions (especially

preschool) relate to their school success

• Observation:

– For 10 seconds, observe a target child

– Identify the peers that he or she is interacting with

– Collect data about interactions (e.g. positive emotions, negative emotions, aggressive behavior)

MPACTIArizona State

KidNet Project

• Motivation– Apply it to older children who may not stay

in the same classroom all day

• Goals– Record the peers and duration of interacting

• Interacting: within some small distance (2-3 ft.)

– Track students’ location for safety and security

• Advantages – Automatic, Real-time, Scalable

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Proximity & Localization

Wearable Proximity Sensors•Detection of proximity•Duration of proximity

Localization using fixed nodes•Location of each child

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Challenges

• Accuracy– Detecting an object within 2-3 ft.

• Energy– Should operate at least 10 hours

• Wearable and Safe Devices– Should not be heavy and hurt kids

• Reliable Communication– Indoor: reflection, blockage etc.

• Scalability– Need to be expand to an entire school

MPACTIArizona State

Smart Shipping Container• Rationale

– government needs– business needs

• Goals– RFID, environmental

sensing, communication, event detection, …

• Challenges– mobile, large number, non-

technical issues, …

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Container: architecture

Internal Wireless Internal Wireless Sensor NetworksSensor Networks

2.4 GHz2.4 GHz

External HostsExternal Hosts

802.11802.11

Cellular Cellular NetworkNetwork

RFID Reader

MICAz mote

Container(s)Container(s)

StargateStargate

USB Memory Card

MICAz mote 2.4 GHz

Stargate Managing Internal network (hardware, power and security); data processing, & routing outgoing packets to external interface.

GPS Receiver 1

51-pin

PCMCIA Compact Flash

USB

Eth

ernet

RS

232GPRS PCMCIA Modem

802.11 Compact Flash card

MICAz mote

Mobile ComputingComputers at point of work (Handhelds) & at the Data Center. Held by custom officers and load/unload workers. Querying current and historical data and DB downloading from the logging systems.

Enterprise Servers:Computers at the Data Center.Collecting real-time data from containers, managing DB & responding to critical events reported by containers.

Sensors

MICAz mote

Sensors

MICAz mote

TelosB mote

TelosB mote

ML Cargo Tag

MICAz mote

INTER-Container TelosB mote INTER-Container TelosB mote Attached to nearby containers. Attached to nearby containers.

Proximity motes form an ad hoc (multi-hop) Proximity motes form an ad hoc (multi-hop) inter-container network.inter-container network.

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Container: picturesRFID Reader + MicaZ Mote

Stargate

MicaZTeloB

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Mobile Edge Computing Device (MECD)

WLAN

WLANWLAN

Back-end servers• High computing power• Global decision/policy maker• Interface to users• Physically fixed

MECD• Mobile• Unmanned• Comm. with server & sensors via multiple types of networks• Dealing with large amount of sensors

Networked Sensors• Large number• Mobile • Small form factor • Sensing and limited wireless comm. capability

Scalablereliable

Low system cost, flexible

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Desirable MECD Features

• High processing power– Localized data processing

• Database management• Event detection• Alert generation

– Distributed infrastructure management • Security• Reliability• Real-time• Power efficiency

– Network management • self-configurable, self-diagnostic, self-healing• ZigBee, WiFi, WiMAX, Bluetooth, GPRS and Ethernet

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Desirable MECD Features (cont’d)

• Low power consumption– Mobile & unmanned

• Virtualization– Integrating various types of sensors from

different vendors

• MultiOS– Ease of development

• Low cost

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Exploring Multi-core Architectures

• High processing power• Low power consumption• Low cost

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Multi-core processor: high processing power

• Homogenous (symmetric): – Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP)

• Heterogeneous: Dedicated cores and diverse special purpose cores for hardware acceleration– Data processing– Distributed management– Network protocol– VPRO®

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Multi-core processor: low power consumption

• Reduced dynamic power• Each processor core can be individually turned on

or off• Each processor core can run at its own optimized

supply voltage and frequency• Fine-grain & ultra fine-grain power management

and dynamic voltage and frequency scaling• Dynamic task assignment

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Multi-core processor: low cost

• Reduced hardware– SDR (software defined radio) enabled by a multi-core

processor

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Approach & Deliverable• Approach

– Design & analysis to improve the understanding of multi-core processor’s application to MECDs

• Deliverable We will answer the following fundamental questions:

– A set of feasible multi-core based architectural designs that addresses the emerging requirements for MECDs

– An optimal multi-core based architecture (in terms of both computing and communication addressing multiple types of networks and topology) for MECDs

– Challenges and restrictions of using multi-core processors in MECDs

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RA Opportunity

• Motivated graduate student• Strong problem solving skills

Talk to Dr. Gupta