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MPACTIArizona State
Exploring Multicore-based Hardware/Software Architectures for
Mobile Edge Computing Device
IMPACT Lab
Arizona State University
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MPACTIArizona State
Outline
• Mobile edge computing, mobile edge computing devices (MECD)– Wireless sensor network (WSN) applications
• Desirable MECD features
• Explore multi-core architectures for MECD
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MPACTIArizona State
Wireless Sensor Network Hierarchy
WLAN
WLANWLAN
Back-end servers
MECDMobile edge computing device
Networked Sensors
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MPACTIArizona State
WSN Applications
• Botanical garden (Ken)
• Ayushman (Krishna)
• Smart container (Guofeng)
• Kids network (Su)
Pay attention to:
• Structure hierarchy
• Potential term project topic
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MPACTIArizona State
Botanical Garden
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MPACTIArizona State
Physical layer impact
• High temperatures reduce transmission range. 8 dB at 65 C.
• No WiFi farther out. Extension requires self-powered nodes. Solar power [1,2]
• Node power consumption. How to measure?
[1] http://www.ee.ucla.edu/~kansal/papers/sensys_hsu_05.pdf[2] http://camalie.com/WirelessSensing/WirelessSensors.htm
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MPACTIArizona State
Operating system projects
• TinyOS vs. Contiki comparison– Both run on Tmote– Contiki adds protothreads and dynamic program
swapping
• TinyOS documentation– Hardware abstraction: MSP430, AVR128L;
CC1000, CC2420
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MPACTIArizona State
AyushmanRationale:• Aging Population• Increasing healthcare cost • Shortage of medical personnel
Goals: • Remote health monitoring (HM)• Test-bed for HM systems• Employ off-the-shelf components
– Wireless biosensors– Wearable/in-vivo
Desirable Properties:• Self-configuring • Real-time • Scalable
Challenges:• Integration of diverse technologies• Minimize data loss• Reliability • Maintaining safety & security
Status:• System development and Integration
Vision
Environmental Sensors (Temperature, Humidity)
Biomedical Sensors(EKG, BP)
Body Based Intelligence
Home/Ward Based Intelligence
External Gateway
Central Server
Medical Facility Based Intelligence
MedicalProfessional
InternetLocalGateway
OrganizationPatient
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MPACTIArizona State
Kids Networks
Su Jin Kim
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MPACTIArizona State
Social Science Project• How children’s social interactions (especially
preschool) relate to their school success
• Observation:
– For 10 seconds, observe a target child
– Identify the peers that he or she is interacting with
– Collect data about interactions (e.g. positive emotions, negative emotions, aggressive behavior)
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MPACTIArizona State
KidNet Project
• Motivation– Apply it to older children who may not stay
in the same classroom all day
• Goals– Record the peers and duration of interacting
• Interacting: within some small distance (2-3 ft.)
– Track students’ location for safety and security
• Advantages – Automatic, Real-time, Scalable
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MPACTIArizona State
Proximity & Localization
Wearable Proximity Sensors•Detection of proximity•Duration of proximity
Localization using fixed nodes•Location of each child
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MPACTIArizona State
Challenges
• Accuracy– Detecting an object within 2-3 ft.
• Energy– Should operate at least 10 hours
• Wearable and Safe Devices– Should not be heavy and hurt kids
• Reliable Communication– Indoor: reflection, blockage etc.
• Scalability– Need to be expand to an entire school
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MPACTIArizona State
Smart Shipping Container• Rationale
– government needs– business needs
• Goals– RFID, environmental
sensing, communication, event detection, …
• Challenges– mobile, large number, non-
technical issues, …
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MPACTIArizona State
Container: architecture
Internal Wireless Internal Wireless Sensor NetworksSensor Networks
2.4 GHz2.4 GHz
External HostsExternal Hosts
802.11802.11
Cellular Cellular NetworkNetwork
RFID Reader
MICAz mote
Container(s)Container(s)
StargateStargate
USB Memory Card
MICAz mote 2.4 GHz
Stargate Managing Internal network (hardware, power and security); data processing, & routing outgoing packets to external interface.
GPS Receiver 1
51-pin
PCMCIA Compact Flash
USB
Eth
ernet
RS
232GPRS PCMCIA Modem
802.11 Compact Flash card
MICAz mote
Mobile ComputingComputers at point of work (Handhelds) & at the Data Center. Held by custom officers and load/unload workers. Querying current and historical data and DB downloading from the logging systems.
Enterprise Servers:Computers at the Data Center.Collecting real-time data from containers, managing DB & responding to critical events reported by containers.
Sensors
MICAz mote
Sensors
MICAz mote
TelosB mote
TelosB mote
ML Cargo Tag
MICAz mote
INTER-Container TelosB mote INTER-Container TelosB mote Attached to nearby containers. Attached to nearby containers.
Proximity motes form an ad hoc (multi-hop) Proximity motes form an ad hoc (multi-hop) inter-container network.inter-container network.
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MPACTIArizona State
Container: picturesRFID Reader + MicaZ Mote
Stargate
MicaZTeloB
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MPACTIArizona State
Mobile Edge Computing Device (MECD)
WLAN
WLANWLAN
Back-end servers• High computing power• Global decision/policy maker• Interface to users• Physically fixed
MECD• Mobile• Unmanned• Comm. with server & sensors via multiple types of networks• Dealing with large amount of sensors
Networked Sensors• Large number• Mobile • Small form factor • Sensing and limited wireless comm. capability
Scalablereliable
Low system cost, flexible
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MPACTIArizona State
Desirable MECD Features
• High processing power– Localized data processing
• Database management• Event detection• Alert generation
– Distributed infrastructure management • Security• Reliability• Real-time• Power efficiency
– Network management • self-configurable, self-diagnostic, self-healing• ZigBee, WiFi, WiMAX, Bluetooth, GPRS and Ethernet
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MPACTIArizona State
Desirable MECD Features (cont’d)
• Low power consumption– Mobile & unmanned
• Virtualization– Integrating various types of sensors from
different vendors
• MultiOS– Ease of development
• Low cost
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MPACTIArizona State
Exploring Multi-core Architectures
• High processing power• Low power consumption• Low cost
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MPACTIArizona State
Multi-core processor: high processing power
• Homogenous (symmetric): – Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP)
• Heterogeneous: Dedicated cores and diverse special purpose cores for hardware acceleration– Data processing– Distributed management– Network protocol– VPRO®
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MPACTIArizona State
Multi-core processor: low power consumption
• Reduced dynamic power• Each processor core can be individually turned on
or off• Each processor core can run at its own optimized
supply voltage and frequency• Fine-grain & ultra fine-grain power management
and dynamic voltage and frequency scaling• Dynamic task assignment
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MPACTIArizona State
Multi-core processor: low cost
• Reduced hardware– SDR (software defined radio) enabled by a multi-core
processor
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MPACTIArizona State
Approach & Deliverable• Approach
– Design & analysis to improve the understanding of multi-core processor’s application to MECDs
• Deliverable We will answer the following fundamental questions:
– A set of feasible multi-core based architectural designs that addresses the emerging requirements for MECDs
– An optimal multi-core based architecture (in terms of both computing and communication addressing multiple types of networks and topology) for MECDs
– Challenges and restrictions of using multi-core processors in MECDs
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MPACTIArizona State
RA Opportunity
• Motivated graduate student• Strong problem solving skills
Talk to Dr. Gupta