manual of medical electricity pt7 appendix&index p383 396

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APPENDIX

USEFUL FORMUL:E

Ohm's Law.

THEcurrent-strength in amperes

the electro-motive force in volts

---resistance- in o E r n s

The electro-motive force in volts=he current-strength

in amperes x by the resistance in ohms.

The resistance in ohms

the electro-motive force in voltscurrent~:3trengthin amp-ere:.;

DIVIDED OR SHUNT CIRCUITS.

In divided circuits, each branch conducts a portion of a

current inversely proportional to its resistance. The con-

ductivity of the combined divided circuits is expressed by

the sum of the reciprocals of the resistances. The resist-ance is expressed by the reciprocal of this sum.

THE ENGLISH AND METRIC MEASURES.

Length.E1lXlis!,.

I inch -

I foot -

Iyard -Imile-

l'Vfdric.

Metric.

J millimetre

Imetre

Ikilometre

25'4 rniliimetres.

0.3048 metre.

0.9144 metre.r ·607 kilometres.

English.

0'0394 inch.

39·37 inches.

0'6214 mile.

I t is convenient to remember that 10 centimetres are roughly equiva-

lent to 4 inches.



Fnglish.

I square inch

square foot

EJlKlis!I,

Ipint

Igallon

iJ1etric.

I litre

lYle/ric,

centigrarnrne

Idecigramme

Igramme -

Ellglish.

Igrain (avoir.)

I ounce n

r pound "

Area.

Capacity,

Weight.

jvletric.

6'4314 square centimetres.

929 square centimetres.

lJfctri{.

0'5676 litre,

4'541 litres.

ElI/[lis l!.

0'2201 gallon.

E71;:!ish.

o:1543 grain (avoir.),

I 'S43 grains "

15'432 grains"

JIctric.

0'0648 gramme.

28'5 grammcs.

453"393 grammes.



INDEX

A.

ABDOMEN, galvano - faradizationof, 278

A.C.C. (anodal closing contrac-tion), 160

Accessories, 91Accumulators, 131. See Second-ary ba tteri es

Acne, 304, 377Acute diseases, Apostoli's treat-

ment in, 255

rheumatism, 295Actinomycosis, 306Adhesive electrode, 103Advantages of static electricity,

262

.!'Etiology of reaction of degenera-

tion, 314

Affections of brain and spinal

cord, 285

Ague, resistance of body in, 192

Air, ozonized, 155Albuminuria, 198, 2SIAlcoholic paralysis, 215, 289

Alimentary system, affections of,

297Alopecia, 304Alternating currents, 30, 121,122,

183, 277Alternatives, voltaic, 269

Amalgamation of zinc, !O7Amenorrhcea, 301

Ampere, 26

Ampere hour, 136

Anremia, resistance of urine in,

196of blood, 200

Ansesthesia, 220

estimation of, 22 r

faradic, 184

hysterical, 28Itreatment of, 280

Analogy between water circuit and

galvanic circuit, 66Anelectrotonus, 156Aneurism, electrolysis for, 229

by anastomosis, 229

cirsoid, 229

dangers of the operation, 232

Dr. John Duncan's method,

233indication for electrolysis of,

23[

resistance of blood in an,232

Angiomata, 233

Ani, prolapsus, 300

Animal electricity, 149: Anions, r6<)

Anode, 157, 169Apostolr's use of, 245bactericidal action of, 182how to recognise, 254

soothing action of, 269, 278Aphonia, 281Apostoli's methods, 245

galvano.pun;;ture, 255operation for fibroid tumours,

254requisites for, 251

Apparatus for electrical treatment,

139Appendix, 382

Applications, frequency and dura-tion of, 27I

self, 271Arc lamps, Finsen, 368

Lortet and Cenoud, 369condenser, 371Bang, 370

Arrangement of cells, 68Arsonval's (D') galvanometer, 89

artificial muscle, 152

experime nts ont

rophic action,153, 18r, 185, 260

2 5



Arsonval's (D') sinusoidal mag-neto-electric machine, 121

Arthritis, rheumatoid, 295chronic, 295

Artificial magnets, 15Ascites, resistance of body in, 192Ascitic fluid, resistance of, 199Astatic galvanometer, 83Ataxy, locomotor, 288Atmospheric electricity, 3Atrophy, progressive muscular,286

Attraction, magnetic and staticelectrical, contrasted, 18

Auditory nerve, 165galvanization of, 293hyperaesthesia of, 221reaction of, 166

B.

Bacteria, action of electricity on,182, IS 5, 381

Bang's lamp, 370Bath, electric, 274

Batteries, 139arrangement of cells in, 68care of, 104choice of, 139electro-motive force of, 54most suitable, 139portable, 140

Battery, bichromate, 37Bunsen, 50chloride of silver, 41

Daniell's, 48dry, 45excitant of, 22Gaiffe's, 43gravity, 48Grove, 50Hellesen,45internal resistance of, 58, 68Leclanche, 33

pla tes of, 19

polarization of, 25pole of, 26portable galvanic and faradic,

141

Reiniger's, 146secondary, 128, 131Smee'sv jz

persul phate of mercury, 42terms applied to a, 25testing of, lOS

Beard and Rockwell, Drs., 164,191,274, etc.

IKDEX

Bichromate solution, 38battery, 40testing- of, 173

Bidwell, Mr. Shelford, on theHellesen cell, 45, 337

Bipolar application, 223,269Bird, Dr. Golding, on interpolar

action, 176on chorea, 282

Bladder, diseases of, 30rBlood, electrolysis of, 175

resistance of, 60, 20[

Bone, resistance of. 193Bordier on tic douloureux, 290Bottini's cautery, 240Bottle bichromate cell, 40Boudet, Dr., 301Brain, diseases of, 285

galvanization of, 166Branch circuit. 88Bridge, Kohlrausch's, 65Bright's disease, resistance of theurine in, 196, ]98

Bunsen's battery, 50

Burners for ,gah'ano-cautery, 308

C.

Cabinet battery, 139Calibration of a galvanometer,

86Cancer, treatment by electrolysis,

257treatment by X rays andultra- violet light, 359

Capacity of accumulators, 138Capillary, electro-, theory ofD'Arsonval,IS3

Carcinoma, treatment of, 359Cardew, Dr., on exophthalmicgoitre, 283

Care of a battery, 104Carre machine, II

Cartilage resistance of, 193Catalvtic action of current, lSI

Cataphoresi" 180,275,295Cathode. See KathodeCautery, battery, 68, 140

instruments, 307rheostat, 307

Cells, 32. See Batteriesarrangement of, 68,essen rials of, I8parallel arrangement of, 69simple galvanic, 23single fluid and double fluid,

33,47



Central galvanization, 270Cerebral hzemorrhage, 285Cerebra-spinal fluid, resistance

of, 201

Charcot, Prof.,on body resistance,192

on the treatment of hysteria,

28rCharging an accumulator, 135

Chauveau's curves, 163

Chemical action in a galvanic

cell, 20

in a secondary cell, 134Chilblains, 304

Chloride of sil ver cell, 4 IChoice of batteries, 139

Chorea, 282

Circuit, galvanic, :q

Circuits, divided, 87primary and secondary, I IO

Clausius and Grottnuss, theory

of, 172Closing and opening a circuit, 2 16

Coils, Dubois-Raymond, II5

farad ic, I 13

medical, 119

primary, I 12

regula tion of, I 19

secondary, 112

Collectors, 92double-handed dial, 95plug, 92single-banded dial, 93sledge, 92

Commutator and r Cut-out,' 106

simple, 96Comparison between galvanic and

faradic currents, 129

between X - rays and ultra-

violet light, 379therapeutic effects of galvanic

and faradic currents, 259

Compass-needle, deflection of, 81

Condenser, 9, 14, 148spark lamp, 362, 37I

Conditions of occurrence, 222

Conducting wires, 102

Conduction, the converse of re-

sistance, See Resistance

electrolytic, 170, 173in the body, 174

Conductors, table of, 11. See

Resistance

for static electricity, q, 261Constant cells, 46

current, trophic effects of, I8r

I)l"DEX

Constipation, 298

Constitutional affecti ons, 295

Contact-breaker, r iS , 320, 328

Contact law, Volta's, 21

theory of electro-motive force,20

Continuous currents, 30

Contraction, anodal, IS 8

closing, 158

elements in the production

of, 169

faradic, 183kathodal, 158, 161

laws of, in man, 164

opening, 158Pritiger's law of, IS7

static. 154,260,263,285

tetanus, 164, 183

number of stimuli required

per second, 183

Contractures, 279Coulomb, 27

Counter E. IvL F_ of self-induction,[13

Cramp, writer's and telegrapher's,

284Crutch paralysis, 289

Current, alternating, 30

branch, 88break, II]

cataphoric action of, 180

catal ytic actio n of, 181

chemical effects of, 24

collectors, 92

combiner, 103

continuous, 30

density of, 266

differences between faradic

and galvanic, 129

diffusion of. 266

direction o f , 24, 270dvnamo , 122

elcctroivtic action of, 170

electrotonic, 153

extra, 113

heating, effects of, 24, 68induced, 115

interrupted, 30

lines of force around, 18

magnetic, effects of, 24, 80measurement of, 78

methods of measuring, 78of action, 153

physiological effects of, 24,

54,158, IS3, 186

primary, 11325-2



Current, regulation of, I05reversed, 31, 128

secondary, 110self-induction of, 113

sinusoidal, 12r, 260

strength of, 66, 271thermal effects of, 24transformer, I22, 126

Curve showing current of an ac-cumulator, 133

Curves of current!', 30D'Arsonval's, 12I

Cutaneous currenrs, 150Cystoscope, 309

D.

Daniell's cell, 48

Deafness, 292Degeneration, reaction of, 212Density of current, 266Depolarizers, 33De Waiteville on electrotonus,

161, 278

Diabetes, 281, 296

resistance of urine in, 195Diagnosis, 189

of feigned diseases, 222

reactions of muscles andnerves, 20r

resistance of body, 189, 192resistance of tissues, 189, 192

resistance of urine, 193

of blood, 200

Dial coIlectors, 92

Difference of potential, 6, 22, 53Diffusion of current, 266

Digestive organs, 297

Dilatation of stomach, 297Direction of current, 270Directions for using : - . r lne-l\Iur-ray switch-board, r 26

Diseases of women, 245of the genito-urinary organs,

300of the skin, 303principles of treatment of,

279Divided circuits, 87Dose of electricity, 90Double-headed dial collector, 95Double fluid cells, 46Drake and Gorham's curve, !33Dropsical fluid, resistance of, 61,

199Dropsy, resistance of body in,

19z

INDEX

Dry cell" 41, 45Dubcis-Reymond coil, IIS

theory of animal electricity,

lS ~

Duchenne, 292, 298, etc.Duncan, Dr. John, on aneurisms

and angiomata, 233

Dynamo, 122

Dysmenorrhcea, 257membranous, 257obstructive, 257

Dyspepsia, 297

E_

Ear, subjective noises in, 293Earth, the, a magnet, 18

Eczema, 276, 304, 377Edelmann's galvanometer, 88

Effects, sedative, 260

stimulating, 259

trophic, 260

Tesla, 144, ISS

Electric bath, 263, 274

Dr. Hedley's experiments,2 7 4 -

indications for, 263, 276requisites for, 2 7 - +

Electric breeze (souffle). 263charge (static bath), 263douche, 277friction, 264

light currents, 122, 125soujjlc, 263

sparks. 26+torpedo, 149, 153Electrical condition of living

tissues. r 49condition of man, 3currents. See Currentsdepartment of the Salpctriere,262

currents, frictional, 10

induction: Carre, Glaser,Holtz, Voss, \Vimshurst,1t , 261

machines, II

organs, 149phenomena, Tesla and ElihuThompson's, 142

resistance. See Resistanceresistance of the body, I89resistance of the urine, 193stimulus, the elements in, r69

Electricity, animal, 149

atmospheric, 3



Electricity, faradic, 109, 183,

272gal vanic, 20, 156, 266induced, 109

of high potential and rapidoscillation, 142, 186

one kind of, 1relations to heat and light, 1

physiological effects of, 149static, 3, 154, 260surgical uses of, 223

Electrodes, 103adhesi ve, 103

Apostolis, 252

carbon, !O3cataphoric, 181clay, 1,250, 251handle, !O3non-polarizable, T 50positive and negari ve, 156,

242, 253rectal, 299standard sizes, 6 r, r 90

urethral, 236

uterine, 252Electrolysis, 168anions, 169anode, 169body as an electrolyte, 174,

175conductivity of electrolytes,

173decomposition of body by,

179electro-chemical series, 169electrolytes, 168Grotth uss's th eory of, I,' 2indications for, 23Iinterpolar action, 176kations, 169M. Weiss's experiments in,

179of blood, 175of dropsical rluids, 176of muscle, 175

of urine, 175primary, 174secondary, 174surgical uses of, 223

Electro-magnets, 16in ophthalmic practice, 313physiology, 149therapeutics, 259

Electromotive force, 53analogy to head of water, I

53

INDEX 389

Electromotive counter E. M. F.of self-induction, 113

how to increase, 54measurement of, 56

of batteries, 54unit of, 26

Electro-physics, 3surgery, 223

Electroscope, 7

experiments, 365Electrotonus, 56

i Elephantiasis arabum, 305

Elihu Thompson phenomena, 142Endometritis, 257

Enlarged tubercular glands, 376Enlargement of prostate, 239Enuresis nocturna, 300Epilation, 225Erb, Professor, on R. D., 218

on self-application, 27rEustachian tube, stricture of, 242Excitability, alterations in, in

disease, 211, 2I2of nerves and muscles. See

ElectrotonusExhaustion, nervous. See Neur-asthenia

Exophthalmic goitre, 283External resistance, 28, 68Extra current, 113Extra-uterine preg-nancy, 258Eyelashes, ingrowing, 225

F .

Facial neuralgia. 29D

paralysis, 289

prognosis of, 220

Faraday's discoveries, I09

law, II), 170

Faradic anrcsthesia, r84

bath, 274coil, I15currents, uses of, in thera-peutics, 272

electricity, I09, 272electricity, compared to gal-vanic, 129

super- and sub - excitability,

::no,213Faradization, galvano-, 278

general, 273local, 272

Faure's secondary battery, 132

Favus, 377

Feigned diseases, 222



390

Fevers, body resistance in, 192Fishes, electric, I4-9, 153Fibroid tumours, 245Finsen light, 358, 37I

advantages, 372apparatus, 371disadvantages, 37 i:

Fluorescence, 325, 364Focus tube, 318Fcetation, extrauterine, 258Force, electromotive, 43, 53Franklinization, internal, 298Frictional electricity, 3Frictions, electric.izoa

G.

Gaiffe's battery, 43D'Arsonval galvanometer, 89

Galactagogue effects, 303Galvanic and faradic currents,physical differences, I29

Calvauic circuit, 24electricity, 20, 156, 266interruptions, effects of, 158

super- and sub-excitability," 2 I2, 213

Galvanism, bactericidal action of,IS2

cataphoresis by means of,180

general indications for, 270in diagnosis, 214in medicine, 265in physiology, 157

in surgery, 223trophic effects of, disputed.lSI .

Galvanization of the brain. 166central, 270 -of tbe head, 270snbaural, 269

Galvano-cautery, 307faradization, 278puncture, 255

Galvanometer, 80astatic, 83calibration of, 86D'Arsonval's, 89Edelmann's. 88for medical 'men, 86, goin diagnosis, 90.. 189, 268portable, 90reilectinR, 84

shunts, 86sine, 83tangent, 83

IKDEX

Galvanoscope, 86Gastralgia, ~98Gastroscope, 313Gautier, Dr., and Dr. Larat, 155,276, 306, etc.

General faradization, 273Genito-urinary organs, diseasesof the, 300

Glands, enlarged, 376Glaser machine, 1 I

Glycosuria, 296Goitres, 228

exophthalmic, z83

Corl's lamp, 362

Gout, 296Graphite rheostat, 99Gravity cell, 48

Grenet cell, 37Grotthuss and Clausius, theoryof, 172

Grove's battery, 50Gull, Sir Wi llia rn, on chorea, 282Gustatory nerve, 166, 222

H.Haemorrhage in uterine diseases,

245post-partum, 303

Hternorrhoids, 242Hairs, removal of, 223Hairy moles, 225Hand, as an electrode, 273Head, galvanization of, 166,270Headache, in neurasthenia, 263

Heart, tachycardia in Graves'e l i sease, 284

Heat and electricity, 1

Heating effect of current, 24,68Joule'S law, 307

Hedley, Dr., researches, 274, 277Hellesen battery, 45Hemiansesthesia, 191Hemiplegia, zSS

Herman's views, ISS

Herpes zoster, 304High potential electricity, 147physiological effects of, 186

Holland, n-, 374Holtz machine. 1r

Horse-power, 30Human body, resistance of, 189.See Resistance

Hydrometer, 136Hypercesthesia, 220, 281Hypochondriasis, 282

Hysteria, 281



1.Ice, transparency of, 368Impotence,30IImprovements in Rontgen appar-

atus, 327Incandescent lamps, 76, 308Incontinence of urine, 301Indican in urine, disappearanceof, 28 I

Induction, 109coil, II5

coil, oil, 44laws of, 113self, 113static, 12

Infantile paralysis, 286Influence machines, II

Injuries of nerves, 215, 289Insanity, melancholia, 282

Insomnia, 282Insulated Lcclanche cell, 37Insulating stool, 260Insulators, I I

Internal resistance, 28, 58, 68Interossei, in writer's cramp, 285

Interpolar changes in electrolysis,176Interrupter, automatic, 118Interrupters, 328

dipping, 328Davidson, 328jet, 329

\Vehnelt, 329

Dawson Turner, 332

Interruptions, effect of galvanic,

158

slow and quick, 119, 148Interstitial electrolysis, 306

Involuntary muscles, 164, 18+

299Ions, 169

J ,

Jar, Leyden, 9oscillating discharge of, 144,148

Taint arlectinns, 295

joule's law, 307

K.

Katelectrotonus, 157KathodaI contracnon, IS8, 161

Kathode, 157, 159Kations, 172

KC.C. (kathodal closing contrac-tion), 160

INDEX 391

Kind of electricity, 1

Kohlrausch's bridge, 65

L.

Labile method, 269Lachrymal obstruction, 243Lamps, incandescent, 76, 308

batteries for, 76, 139, Larat, Dr., and Dr. Gautier, 276

Laryngoscope, 309Larynx, electrical applications tothe, 281

Lateral sclerosis, 287Law, of contraction, 164

Faraday's, 03

Joule's, 307Lenz's, 113

Lead paralysis, 215, 289

poisoning, 276

Leclanche cell, 33dry, 45insulated, 37of low resistance, 36

Lenz's law, 113Lewis Jones, 227, 277, 356

Levden jar, 9, oscillating discharge of, 144,

q8

Lizbt, Finsen, ultra-violet, 358,37 I

Light, battery for the electric, 76,

139Lighting currents from a dynamo,122, 125

Lines of force, 16Lippmann's experiments, 153

Localization of foreign bodies,

346

Local faradization, 272Locomotor ataxy, 288Lortet and Genoud lamp, 369Lumbago, 295

Lupus, 373erythema tosu 5, 376

iVl.

~I'lachines, electrical, 11

influence, II

magneto-electrical, 119

::\Iackenzie Davidson, 327, 328,

337::\Iagnetic field, lines of force inthe, 16

Magnetism, ISMagnetism, resemblance of, tostatic electricity, 18



392

Magneto-electric machines, 119

D'Arsonval's, 121

D' Arsonval's, physiological

effects of, 185curves to represent the cur-rents of, 121

current of, compared to gal-vanic currents, 129

Magnets, 15poles of, 16

properti es of, 18Malignant tumours, 257, 358Mammary gland, stimulation of,

303Matteuci's experiment, 152McClure, Dr., on static applica-tions, 265

Measurement of current-strength,

73Melancholia, 282Menorrhagia, 257Metallic poisoning, resistance ofbody in, 192

Metals in air, contact series of,

20Methods of measuring current-strength, 78

Metrorrhagia, 257Milk, secretion of, 303Milliampere, 26Milliampere meter, 90Miller, L., 362Milne-Murray switch-board, T : : : ;

sound, 249, :::::;2Moles, 225

Molluscum conragiosurn , 377Motor, electro-, for static

machines, 13, 262points, 202

Mr. Shelford Bidwell on theHellesen cell, 45

Multiple arc arrangement, 72Muscle, conductivity of, 193, 20r

currents, 151electrolysis of, 175

frogs', M. "Neiss's researches,177reaction of degeneration of,213

stimulation of, 157, 167,186

striped, 164, 18:3unstriped, 164, 18), 299

Muscular atrophy, 286rheumatism, 295

Myoma uteri, 245

I};"DEX

N " .

:\ revi, cases suitable for treat-ment by electrolysis, 226

needles for, 226treated by electrolysis, 226

Natural electric phenomena, 149:\ eedles for aneurism, 231

electro-surgery, 223galvano-puncture, 253

X eef's hammer, I 17

Negative pole, action of, 15i, 228,

246Negative variation, 152Xerves, conductivity of, 193,201

currents in, 151excitability of, in tetany, 284.injuries of, 21),289of special sense, 165, 184, 187reaction of degeneration of,212

sensory, 164, 184, 187, 221Nervous system, diseases of, 285Neuralgia, facial, 290

herpetic, 305

sciatica, 291treatment of, 263, 270, 277

378uterine, 302

Neurasthenia, treatment of, 263,

276,280Keuritis, alcoholic, treatment of,

290diagnosis of, 217reaction of degeneration in,21_)

:--:;cturnal incontinence, 30TNutrition, trophic effects of elec-tricity, 155, 184, 185, 260, 278

O.

Ohm, 27Obstruction, 298Oerstedt's discovery, i8Ohm's law, 28Optic nerve, 165

atrophy of 221reactions to faradism, 184reactions to galvanism, 166reactions to high potentialelectricity, 188

reactions to sinusoidal cur-rents, 18S

Osmosis, 296. See CataphoresisOvarian pain, 302Ozone, physiological and thera-peutical effects of, ISS



P.

Pain, treatment of, 279. SeeNeuralgia

Parallel arrangement of cells, 69Paralysis agitans, 282facial, prognosis of, 220facial, treatment of, 289infantile, 286lead, 215, 289of bladder, 301of bowel, 298pressure, 289spastic, 287treatment of, 279, 285value of the reaction of de-generation in localizationand prognosis, ZI9

value of static sparks, 264,286

Parasitic affections, 305 , 377

Partial reaction of degeneration,217

Peripheral affections, 289Pernicious ansemia, the resistance

of the urine in a case of, 199 ;of the blood, 200

Persulphate of mercury battery,

42Pfiiiger's law of contraction, 157Phenomena, electrical, Tesla and

Elihu Thompson's, 142natural electrical, 149simple static, 4

Photography, Rontgen, 3I3

Phthisis, pulmonary and laryn- !

geal, 359Physical differences between gal-vanic and faradic currents, 129

Physics, electro-, 3Physiological effects of electricity,

149Physiological effects of D'Arson-

val's sinusoidal currents,

185, 276

of faradic electricity, IS3of galvanic currents, 15 7

of high potential electricity,186

of static electricity, 154Physiology, electro-, 149 .Plan of apparatus for the Apostol!treatment, 253

Plates of a galvanic cell, 20

Plug collector, 93

rheostat, 97

IKDEX 393

Plumbism, 289Pneumonia, effect of, upon theresistance of the urine, 195

Polarization. 25

depolatizer, 33in accumulators, 131Poles, choice of, 223, 225, 235,

268, etc.how to distinguish, 25. 254in Apostoli's treatment, 246in goitres, 229of a magnet, 16

Portable galvanic and faradicbattery, 14I

Port-wine mark, 234. 378Positive and negative charges, 4,q, 262, 263

Positive variation, 152

Post-partum heemorrhage, 303I Potential, r , 2 I, 53

difference of, 6, 22, 53electricity of high, 142

Pressure paralysis, 289Primary coil, I IO

current, 113

electrolysis, I74Prime conductor. II

Progressive mu~cular atrophy,286

Prolapsus ani, 300

Properties of a magnet, 18Prostate, enlargement of, 239

Pruritus, 305

Psoriasis, 377

Q.Qualitative changes, 2 [4Ouantitative changes, 208Quant:ty of electricity, -.q

R.

Raynaud's disease, 277Reaction of degeneration, 214

atypical, 2IS

causes of, 2 I 5course of, 215curves of muscular contrac-tion in, 216

diagnostic value of, in local-ization and prognosis, 219

muscle in, 215nerve in, 215partial, 218pathology of, 217

phenomena of, 2 I 5



394

Reaction, progress of a case of,

216

varieties of. 218

Reactions, auditory, 166, 221

Reactions of nerves and muscles,examination cf, 202

Rectal electrodes, 299

Rectum, stricture of, 241

Reflecting galvanometer, 84

Reiniger's acid battery, 146

Resistance, 58

coils, 97

effect of temperature on, 62,

192

galvanometer unreliable inthe measurement of, 65

influence of electrical dis-

charges on, 59influence of light on, 62

influence of molecular condi-

tion on, 59

internal and external, :;8

laws of, 59

measurernen t of, 62

of batteries, 68of cautery burner, 308

of electrodes, r03

of electrolytes, 60, 173

of lamps, 309

of the blood, 60, 200, 232 .

of the bodv in ascites and

dropsical-conditions, 192

of the body in fevers, 192

of the body in Graves' dis-

ease, 191of the body In health,

I9°of the body in hemianses-

thesia, 19I

of the body in hemiplegia,

19[

of the body in metallic

poisonings, 192

of the bones, 203

of the cerebra-spinal fluid,200

of milk, 201

of the muscles, 193, 201

of the nerves, I93, 20I

of the skin, 6r, I90' 193

of the tiSSUES, 189

of the urine in Bright's dis-

ease, I96, 19Sof the urine in diabetes mel-

litus, 195of the urine in health, 193

bWEX

Resistance of the urine in health:

its relation to the salts

present, 195of the urine in health: its

relation to the specific

gravity, 193

of the urine in pneumonia,

19;of the urine: its value in

diagnosis and prognosis,

195, 196specific, 59

unit of, 27

Reverser, current, 96

Rheophores, 102

Rheostats, 97

Rheumatism, acute, 295

Rheumatoid arthritis, 295

Rhinoscope, 313

Rocher, Dr. Boisseau du, on

dilatation of stomach, 297

Rock-salt, transparency of, 368

Rodent ulcer, 372

Rontgen ray therapeutics and

Finsen light, 37IRontgen rays, 3I3

RuhmkorfCs coil, I14, I~7

S.

Sciatica, 29I

Scleros:s, lateral, 287

Seances, duration and repetition

of,27I

Secondary batteries, I3I

capacity of, 138charging, 133

curve of curren t-strength of,

133estimation of degree of ex-

haustion of, 136

Faure's improvement in, I32

medical uses of, 138

regulation of, 138

the modern, I32

Secondary and primary coils, t I2,IJ4

currents of, compared, 125

Secondary electrolysis, I74

Secretion of milk, 303

Selenium, resistance of, affected

by light, 62

Self-induction of current, II 3

Self-treatment by patients, 271

Sensory nerves, 164 , 184, 187,

221Series arrangement of cells, 54



Shenton's (Mr. W. H.) X-raycases, 356

Short circuit, secondary batteries,

138Shunts, 86

Silver chloride cell, 4ISimple static phenomena, 4

rheostat, 99Sine galvanometer, 83Single-handed dial-collector, 93Sinuses, 377Skiagraphy, 3I3Skin, diseases of, 303

acne, 304, 377actinomycosis, 306

alopecia areara, 304ansesthesia, 281chilblains, 304eczema, 276, 304, 376elephantiasis arabum, 305herpes, 304hyperrcsthesia, 220, 281parasitic affections of, 305,

377pruritus, 305

sycosis, 306, 377treated by interstitial electro-lysis, 306

urticaria, 304Skin, resistance of, 6I, 190, I92Sledge collector, 92Smoe's cell, 32Spamer's, Dr., induction coil, 144Sparks, physiological effects of,treatment by, 264

Spasm of the muscles, 279Spastic paralysis, 287Special senses, reactions of, 163,221

Specific resistance, 59Spermatorrhcea, 301Sphincter, relaxation of, 300Spinal cord, diseases of, 285Stabile method, 269Standard electrodes, 261, 190Statical apparatus, I3, 160

Static electricity, 3, 154, 26DStatic induction, 12

physiological effects of, 154treatment by, 26z

Steavenson, Dr., 3, 237, 243, 296,etc.

Stenosis of cervix, 257Stoehrcr's battery, 145Stomach, dilatation of, 297Strength, current, 66, 27I

INDEX 395

Stricture of the Eustachian tube,242

of the lachrymal canal, 243of the cesophagus, 243of the rectum, 241of the urethra, 2}6

Subaural galvanization, 269Subinvolution, 303Sugar in the urine, disappearance

of, under treatment, 296effectof,on the resistance, 195

Surgery, electro-, 223general requisites for, 224

Surgical uses of electricity, 223Switch-board, 11ilne-Murray, 125

Sycosis, 377Sympathetic nerve, galvanizationof,269

T_

Tabes dorsalis, 288Tables, conductors and insulator S,

II

contact series of metals inair,2T

electro-chemical series, 169E. M. F. of cells, 54English and metric measures,

383, 384resistance of electrolytes, 60resistances of the humanbody, 191

resistances of the tissues, 193,201

resistance of the variousunnes, I96.I99

Tangent galvanometer, 83Telegrapher's cramp, 284Temperature, effect of, on resist-ance,62

Tesla phenomena, 142theories to explain immunityof body to, 187

Tetanus, I64, 183Tetany, 284Theory of Grotthuss and Clausius

172Therapeutic uses of X rays, 358Therapeutics, electro-, 259Tic douloureux, 290Tinnitus auriurn, 292Tonic effect of electricity, 264,

273, etc.

Torticollis, rheumatic, 282Transparency and opacity to ultra-

violet light, 367



Transformer, 128Traumatic paralysis, 2I2, 290

Treatment, duration of, 271Treatment of neuralgia, 263, 270,

277, 378of neurasthenia, 263, 276,280

Trichiasis, 225Trophic effects, 153, 181, 185,260,278

Tumours, malignant, 257

treatment by electrolysis, 225

by X rays, 359Two fluid cells, 46

U.

Ulcers, 377Ultra-violet light, q8, 361

comparison with X rays, 379

effects of, 380employment of, 367nature of, 379production, 36rrecognition of, 363therapeutics of, in cancer,rodent ulcer, lupus, etc.,361, 372 et seq.

transparency and opacity to,

365Unipolar action, 223, 269

application, 223Units, electrical, 26

Unpolarizable electrodes, 151Urethra, chronic inflammation of,

239stri cture of, 236

Urethroscope, 313Urinary organs, diseases of, 300Urine, resistance of, 193Uterine electrodes, Apostoli's, 252

pain, 302tumours, 257

Uterus, Apostoli's claims, 245,etc.

Apostoli's operation, 254criticisms on Apostoli's treat-

ment,249dysmcnorrbcaa, 237endometritis. 257extra-uterine fcetation, 258

IJ:\DEX

Uterus, fibroid tumolirs of, 245galvano-puncture,255menorrhagia, 257

requisites for Apostoli's treat-ment, 251

V-tubes, 177

V.

Vacuum tube, 318Vasa-motor effects, 175, 183, 19DVigouroux, Dr., 19 [,282,298, etc,Volt, 26Volta's contact law, 21Voltaic cell, simple, 23Voltameter, 79

Voltolini's battery, I42Voluntary muscles, 164, 184

Vomiting, 298

Voss mach ine, II

W.

Wallace, Dr., on the cystoscope,

30\Valsham, Hugh, 340

\\'arts, 236, 378

,Vater, head of, analogous toE. ::'II. F., 53flow of, analogous to an elec-nical current, 66

rheostat, 99Watteville, Dr. de, On electro-

tonus, 161

on galvano-faradization, 278Watts, 30Weiss, Mons., researches on cata-

phoresis, 180researches on inrerpolar

action, 177\Vimshurst's machine, II

vvires. See Rheophores,Vomen, diseases of, 245Writer's cramp, 284

X.

X rays, 313therapeutic uses of, 358

Z .

Zero potential, 53Zincs, how to amalgamate, 107

THE E::\D

manual of medical electricity pt7 appendix&index p383 396

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