los baños radio listeners' preferences for an environmental community radio program

8/14/2019 Los Baos Radio Listeners' Preferences for an Environmental Community Radio Program

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LOS BAOS RADIO LISTENERS PREFERENCES FOR ANENVIRONMENTAL COMMUNITY RADIO PROGRAM

MARY GRACE BULAONG ARROYO

SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THECOLLEGE OF DEVELOPMENT COMMUNICATIONUNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOS BAOS

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THEREQUIREMENTS FOR THE

DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN DEVELOPMENT COMMUNICATION(COMMUNITY BROADCASTING)

OCTOBER 2008


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This undergraduate research titled LOS BAOS RADIO LISTENERS

PREFERENCES FOR AN ENVIRONMENTAL COMMUNITY RADIO PROGRAM,

prepared and submitted by MARY GRACE BULAONG ARROYO in partial

fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Bachelor of Science in Development

Communication (Community Broadcasting), is hereby accepted.

________________________________PROF. JULIENNE V. BARIUAN

Adviser

________________________________Date

Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Bachelor of Science

in Development Communication

(Community Broadcasting)

________________________________PROF. JULIENNE V. BARIUAN

Chair

Department of Development Broadcasting and TelecommunicationCollege of Development CommunicationUniversity of the Philippines Los Baos

College, Laguna

________________________________Date


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gracey

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, I would like to extend my gratitude to the faculty and staff of the College

of Development Communication, most especially to the Department of Development

Broadcasting and Telecommunication, for the wisdom and learning youve shared with mefor the past three and a half years. I will treasure all these things as I go out of the university.

Ill miss college so much!

Of course, I would like to thank Prof. Julienne V. Bariuan for being a patient and

supportive adviser. Thanks for everything, especially for the tips youve shared on thesis

writing. Im so grateful to be one of your advisees and students. Youve inspired and taught

me so much. More power Maam Juls! Keep going!

To my former roommates, Dang and Rachel, thanks for the advice, especially for

being my shoulders to cry on. And to Mami Arianne and Dadi Paul, thanks for being our

second parents (Hehe..). I miss our apartment and I miss you guys! Hope to see you soon!

To Anne and Kuya Athan, Ill miss our food trip nights and scary stories. Thanks formaking my last semester full of bliss. You take good care of each other ha!

To my co-DevCom shiftees/blocmates-Dwight, Jhorace, Maggi, Romina, Kat,Karyll, weve made the right choice! This is it guys! Good luck to all of us!

Cyrus, Amy, Nicole and Ivy, Ill miss you guys! Go for cheeseburger!

To my academic organization, UP Engineering Radio Guild-LB, thank you for

making my college life full of fun and excitement. Ill miss you so much guys, take goodcare of our president ha! And to my varsitarian organization, Alyansa ng mga Kabitenyo sa

UPLB, I miss you guys, thanks for the wonderful moments.

Of course, to Jaety, thanks for being a wonderful part of my life, most especially for

the love, care, patience and understanding. You made everything worthwhile. Take good care

of our kids ha!

To my family, Pangsie, Mangsie, Kuya Lauren and Carlo, thanks for the love and

support. Youre my inspiration.

And most especially, thank you dear God for making all these things possible.

This is the time in you life when things seem to flash right before your eyes

at bullet speed. The events go fast; they are over before you know it. Highschool is now only the safety blanket youve outgrown but miss so much. Soon,

college will be the same.This is it!


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Acknowledgement 3

Table of Contents 4

List of Tables 7

List of Figures 8

Abstract 9

Chapter I Introduction

Structure and Rationale of the Study 11

Statement of the Problem 12

Objectives of the Study 13

Significance of the Study 14

Limitations of the Study 14

Operational Definition of Terms 14

Chapter II Review of Related Literature

Environmental Communication in the Philippines 16

The Use of Mass Media in Environmental Communication 17

Community Radio Broadcasting 18

Radio as a Tool for Community Communication 19

DZLB Listenership Studies 19

Theoretical Framework of the Study 22

Analytical Framework of the Study 23

Chapter III Methodology

Research Design 25

Locale of the Study 25

Respondents and Sampling Design 25

Data Collection and Research Instrument 26

Data Analysis 27


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Chapter IV Results and Discussion

Demographic and Socio-Economic Characteristics

Age 28

Sex 28

Civil Status 29

Religion 30

Educational Attainment 30

Source of Income 31

Monthly Household Income 33

Household Size 34

Environmental Information Needs and Programming Preferences

Environmental Information Need 35

Respondents Preferred Environmental Topics 35

Preferred Program Segments 37

Preferred Program Format 38

Program Duration 39

Program Length 40

Frequency and Day of Program Airing 40

Time of Airing 41

Program Host(s) and Characteristics 44

Suggested Participatory Techniques 45

Suggested Program Listenership Techniques 46

Radio Ownership and DZLB Awareness

Radio Ownership and Listening 46

DZLB Awareness 47

Source of Information about DZLB 48

Chapter V Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations

Summary 50

Demographic and Socio-Economic Characteristics 50

Environmental Information Needs and Programming Preferences 51


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Radio Ownership and DZLB Awareness 52

Conclusion 52

Recommendations 53

Bibliography 55

Appendices

Appendix A

Tables

Appendix B

Questionnaire

Appendix C

Received copy of letters submitted to barangay captains

Appendix D

BIMS 2006

Map of Los Baos


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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Respondents environmental topic prioritization 27

Table 2. Respondents choice for hosts characteristics 34

Table 3. Respondents distribution according to age 50

Table 4. Respondents distribution according to sex 50

Table 5. Respondents distribution according to civil status 50

Table 6. Respondents distribution according to religion 51

Table 7. Respondents distribution according to age educational attainment 51

Table 8. Respondents distribution according to source of income 52Table 9. Respondents distribution according to monthly household income 53

Table 10. Respondents distribution according to household size 53

Table 11. Environmental information need 53

Table 12. Respondents environmental topic preference 54

Table 13. Respondents program segment preference 54

Table 14. Respondents program format preference 55

Table 15. Respondents program duration preference 55

Table 16. Respondents program length preference 55

Table 17. Respondents preference regarding frequency and day of airing 56

Table 18. Respondents preference regarding time of airing 57

Table 19. Respondents choice for program host(s) 57

Table 20. Respondents suggested listener participation techniques 58

Table 21. Respondents suggested program promotion techniques 58

Table 22. Radio ownership and listening 59

Table 23. DZLB awareness 59

Table 24. Source of information about DZLB 59


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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Respondents distribution according to age 18

Figure 2. Respondents distribution according to sex 19

Figure 3. Respondents distribution according to civil status 19

Figure 4. Respondents distribution according to religion 20

Figure 5. Respondents distribution according to age educational attainment 21

Figure 6. Respondents distribution according to employment 22

Figure 7. Respondents distribution according to occupation 22

Figure 8. Distribution of unemployed respondents 23Figure 9. Respondents distribution according to monthly household income 24

Figure 10. Respondents distribution according to household size 24

Figure 11. Respondents environmental topic preference 26

Figure 12. Respondents program segment preference 28

Figure 13. Respondents program format preference 29

Figure 14. Respondents program duration preference 29

Figure 15. Respondents program length preference 30

Figure 16. Respondents preference regarding frequency and day of airing 31

Figure 17. Respondents preference regarding time of airing 32

Fugure 18. Respondents preferred morning time slots 32

Figure 19. Respondents preferred afternoon time slots 33

Figure 20. Respondents preferred evening time slots 33

Figure 21. Respondents choice for program host(s) 34

Figure 22. Respondents suggested listener participation techniques 35

Figure 23. Respondents suggested program promotion techniques 36

Figure 24. Radio ownership and listening 37

Figure 25. DZLB awareness 38

Figure 26. Source of information about DZLB 39


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ABSTRACT

ARROYO, MARY GRACE BULAONG. College of Development Communication.

University of the Philippines Los Baos. Los Baos Radio Listeners Preferences for an

Environmental Community Radio Program. Bachelor of Science in Development

Communication Undergraduate Research. October 2008.

Adviser: Prof. Julienne V. Bariuan

This study was conducted to determine the profile of Los Baos, Laguna radio

listeners and their programming preferences for an environmental community radio program.

Systematic sampling was used to select fifty respondents each from three Los Baos

barangays. A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather data. All household

members 18 years old and above were selected as respondents as long as they have been Los

Baos residents for 5 years or more.

All ages and both sexes are well represented in the sample of survey respondents.

Most of the respondents are Roman Catholics, married, well-educated and employed. The

average household size is four members. More than one-third of the respondents belong to P

1,000-5,999 monthly income bracket.

Almost all of the respondents indicated the need for an environmental community

radio program. Most of the respondents preferred that the program be presented through the

news format, indicating that they preferred timely information on environmental issues and

concerns. Many of the respondents wanted the program to be regular or aired during

weekends. The 7-8 a.m. time slot is preferred so they can listen while preparing for work. A

male and a female who are knowledgeable about the topic, jolly, fluent in Filipino, and have

good voice qualities are preferred.


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Many of the respondents preferred to actively participate in the radio program

through live coverages in the barangay, phone ins, and the sending of comments and

suggestions. Many of the respondents suggested that the program be promoted through radioannouncements, TV advertisements, and posters.


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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Structure and Rationale of the Study

Radio is an indispensable communication tool that is very popular among rural and

urban listeners (Cabading, 1997). It is considered as the most pervasive and influential mass

medium in the country as it has the highest level of ownership. Apart from being informative,

radio increases listeners awareness on various issues, concerns and developments within

their immediate community or within society as a whole.

Community radio focuses on local issues. One such station is DZLB, owned and

managed by the Department of Development Broadcasting and Telecommunication, College

of Development Communication, University of the Philippines Los Baos. It first went on air

on August 2, 1964. It is the oldest existing educational, non-commercial community radio

station in the Philippines. But due to technical problems, the station went off the air on

October 2003. Finally, after five years, DZLB continued its operations on October 2008.

DZLB has the following objectives: to serve as a linker-facilitator among various

sectors of DZLB listeners and people and institutions concerned; to provide a venue for the

ventilation of issues relevant to the needs and interests of its audience; to be utilized as an

extension arm in popularizing science and technology research results form various

institutions; and to serve as training center for students and practitioners of broadcasting.


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Being an educational medium, DZLBs programs strive to instruct and motivate

people. It aims not only to serve the community though broadcasting programs which

empower and educate but also in assisting in training and molding future development

broadcasters (DZLB Factbook, 1993). Also, it won the 1994 KBP (Kilusan ng mga

Broadkaster ng Pilipinas) Golden Dove Award for best AM radio station.

One of DZLBs former programs is the environmental program called Ekolohiya

Para sa Atin aired every Thursdays, 10-11:00 am. In the listenership study of Cabrera

(2004), the program obtained a rate of 14% in terms of program preferences by the DZLB

listeners. The program aims to instill the value of environmental protection among its

listeners.

To ensure that its programs are suitable to its intended audience, DZLB initiated

several audience analysis surveys, each focusing on a specific subject matter. This study is

one such research. The station gives much importance on such researches as the lack of

attention given to listenership studies and audience analyses is one of the main causes why

radio is not used properly (Cabading, 1997). Thus, the results of this study will be used in

planning for a new community radio program that will focus on answering DZLB potential

listeners environmental information needs. This research focused mainly on the

characteristics and programming preferences of selected Los Baos residents.

Statement of the Problem

This study answered the question: What is the profile and programming preferences

of Los Baos radio listeners for an environmental community radio program? Specifically, it

addressed the following questions:

1. What is the demographic and socio-economic profile of Los Baos radio

listeners?


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2. What environmental information do Los Baos radio listeners want to hear from

an environmental community radio program?

3. What segments are appropriate for such a community radio program geared

towards the Los Baos community?

4. What do the respondents prefer in terms of format, duration, length, frequency,

day and time of airing of the program?

5. What characteristics do the radio listeners expect from such a programs host(s)?

6. What techniques/mechanisms can be used to encourage program listenership and

participation among the intended audience?

Objectives of the Study

The study ascertained the profile of Los Baos radio listeners and their programming

preferences for an environmental community radio program. Specifically, it:

1. Described the demographic and socio-economic profile of the intended listeners

of an environmental community radio program;

2. Identified environmental information that they wish to hear from the program;

3. Identified the appropriate segments for such a community radio program geared

towards the Los Baos community ;

4. Determined the respondents preferences in terms of format, duration, length,

frequency, day and time of airing of the program;

5. Determined the characteristics that the respondents expect from the proposed

programs host(s); and

6. Enumerated the techniques/mechanisms that can be used to encourage program

listenership and participation among the intended audience.


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Significance of the Study

The existing DZLB audience analyses and listenership studies were conducted several

years ago. Therefore, this research provides updated information that DZLB can use inconceptualizing a new community radio program on environmental issues that is suitable to

Los Baos listeners needs.

Limitations of the Study

This study focused only on getting the respondents preferences for an environmental

community radio program. Moreover, respondents were chosen based on their availability to

answer the self-administered questionnaire. Lastly, this study focused only on the Los Baos

community due to time constraint and limited financial resources. Out of its 14 barangays,

only three (3) barangays with environmental problems and concerns (e.g. waste management,

situated near the Laguna Lake, etc.) were selected.

Operational Definition of Terms

Demographic and socio-economic profile characteristics of the intended radio listeners

such as age, sex, civil status, religion, educational attainment, monthly

household income, occupation and/or livelihood, and household size

Environmental information any information or update regarding the current status of the

environment such as pollution, climate change and global warming, waste

management, deforestation, wildlife, and toxic and hazardous wastes. In this

study, the potential program listeners were asked to choose the top five (5)

specific environmental topics/themes that they would like to hear discussed in

the proposed environmental radio program.


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Programming preferences listeners inclination with regards to the different aspects of an

environmental radio program, such as:

Format refers to the type of presentation the program will use inimparting environmental information (i.e., news, drama, commentary,

school-on-the-air or magazine program)

Program Durationrefers to the period by which the program should air

over DZLB (i.e., 6 months, 1 year, etc.)

Length refers to the length of each of the programs broadcast

Frequency refers to the number of times the program will be aired in a

week

Day and time of airing refers to the programs airing schedule

Program host(s) the specific traits (skills and competence) that the

listeners expect of the person(s) who will facilitate the broadcast

Inserts the segments which make up the program (i.e., news, interviews,

skit, radio features, trivia, songs/music, plugs, forum, and phone-in)

Participatory techniques possible mechanisms to enhance and encourage the involvement

of program listeners in the environmental community radio program

Mechanism for Program Listenership methods that can be used to promote listenership

of the environmental radio program among the community members


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CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Environmental Communication in the Philippines

The environment plays a significant role in the lives of humans. However, at these

times, because of natural disasters and human interactions like technological advancements,

continuous population growth, and others, the environment is now devastated. To answer this

issue, the people must be well-informed and be involved.

Schramm (1964) said, in order to take part in national development, people must be

properly informed about social changes and issues happening around them. They must feel

the need for such changes and become aware of how such changes can be brought about.

According to a study done by Revilla (1992), the publics awareness on

environmental issues can be attributed to medias environmental coverage and the peoples

direct experience of the problems concerning the environment.

Environmental communication is the study and practice of how individuals,

institutions, and societies shape, spread, receive, understand, and use environmental

messages. Also, it deals on how humans interact with the environment. This includes a wide

range of possible interactions, from interpersonal communication to virtual communities,

participatory decision making, and environmental media coverage (wikipedia.org).


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In a chapter written by Patindol and Cardenas in the handbook of Flor and Gomez

(1993), environmental communication is defined as a dynamic process of developing and

enhancing relationships to attain economic growth in a clean and green environment. Thepublic plays a vital function in this matter. Since the people have experiences and insights on

solving and managing environmental issues, it is expected that they have participation in the

process.

The Use of Mass Media in Environmental Communication

In the Philippines, according to Maturan (1997), people have already started

recognizing environmental issues. With this, various radio and TV programs on

environmental conservation were introduced to save the slowly diminishing nature.

The media generally promote and encourage people to protect and conserve the

environment, while researches are working hard to find solutions that will help manage the

problem (Asis, 1996). However, environmental issues are too complicated for the common

people. That is why there is a need to simplify environmental concepts into messages that

people can easily understand. The degree to which awareness regarding environmental issues

could be cultivated would rely heavily on the manner in which it is communicated (Agapito,

1998).

In the study of Revilla (1992), he found out that the main source of information of the

respondents is the mass media. Ninety-nine percent and 74 percent of the respondents rely on

getting information from the television and radio, respectively. Also, the study showed that a

significant relationship exists between the environmental awareness of the respondents and

their source of information.


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Meanwhile, Ambrosio (1994), as cited by Lamigo (1997), studied the sources of

information and awareness of agroforestry upland farmers. The studies results showed that

the majority of the respondents prefer getting information from radio than other media

sources. Also, the respondents said that they can hear environmental programs on the radio.

Community Radio Broadcasting

The evolution of radio broadcasting has been a phenomenon all over the world

(Manual on Broadcasting, 1979). It plays important role in disseminating information and

influencing the society. The use of broadcasting has been recognized as a powerful

instrument in creating awareness (Nuyles, 1979).

According to Librero (1990), community radio broadcasting is the systematic use of

radio for the purpose of facilitating consciously the development of the people within the

geographical area with clearly defined psycho-physical boundaries. Community broadcasting

goes beyond informing the people but serving the community (Allard, 1997). Also, it gives

the audience access to the medium - making it a unique attribute of community broadcasting.

This is done through bridging the gap between radio station planners and the target audience

(Villareal, 2000).

To shorten the gap between the two key players station planners and target audience

according to Librero (1975), community broadcasting has several characteristics. (1) It is

purposive. Any radio program must have a well-defined purpose which should be reflected in

its objectives and goals. (2) It is audience-oriented. The audience must be the basis of

developing any program. Knowing the needs and interests of the audience will help in

designing an interesting and successful program. Having the audience as the subject of a

program helps in catching audience attention. (3) It is participatory. Participation of the

audience in a program makes them feel that they are important and part of the program itself.

It becomes more effective when there is feedback from the audience.


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(4) It is educational. To educate means not only informing the listeners but teaching them to

identify and solve their problems. It is done through presenting information in simple and

comprehensible manner.

Radio as a Tool for Community Communication

Radio, as a medium, is the most influential tool in community development. Gomez

(1970) said, Not only does radio possess the intrinsic characteristics of speed, extensiveness,

portability and flexibility that give it a comparative advantage over the other mass media; it

also performs with great efficiency the information, education and entertainment functions.

Radio provides information and even creates the need for information (Jamison,

1978). All the information the listeners want can be aired all in one day in a community radio

which they can tune into anytime they want. Radio availability and listenership is high in the

community (Ancheta, 1994).

As Gomez (1970) stressed, The people prefer to listen to their station, the station that

gives them local news that concerns them, programs that help them with their problems,

economic or otherwise, programs in which they or theirs participate. With local radio station

there are so many chances in rendering so called public services that tie people to you,

which is definitely impossible with big stations located in the capital of the country, for

several million people.

DZLB Listenership Studies

There are several listenership studies conducted for Radyo DZLB-AM. The first

listenership study was conducted by Pabale, et al (1964) assessed the first three months of the

stations operation. Respondents were randomly selected from four barrios in Bay, Laguna.


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Results showed that out of 107 respondents, 71 (66.4%) were aware of the existence of

DZLB. This is followed by another study done by Gomez, and et. Al (1973), where the

results showed that out of 212 respondents from the 82 barrios is Laguna, 113 (55.3%)

listened to DZLB.

In 1988, Escobin conducted a listenership study in Los Baos, Laguna. Her study

aimed to find out the extent of DZLB listenership and the reasons why it is being listened or

not. In the data gathering, Escobin randomly selected five barangays and used the accidental

sampling technique. The results showed that 112 (93.3%) were aware of DZLB. However, 39

out of the 112 (34.8%) admitted that they do not listen to the station. Some of the reasons the

respondents answered why they do not listen to the station are because they dont have time,

they prefer listening to FM stations and they do not know the stations frequency. Moreover,

some answered that they really do not listen or do not own radio sets.

Bautista in 1993 conducted another audience analysis. Out of 192 respondents, 184

(82%) were aware of DZLB and 107 (58%) were listeners of DZLB. Besides, Bautistas

study also showed that radio is still one of the most accessible mass communication tools.

De Castro (1996) study, meanwhile, showed that 140 (15.3%) out of 917 respondents

listened to DZLB. It focused on the audience perception of DZLB. The results showed that

for most of the respondents, DZLB was distinct and unique in educating the people and

serving Los Baos as well as informing and broadcasting beneficial programs.

Pallers (1997) study aimed to determine the percentage of the respondents who listen

to DZLB. It also determined their socio-demographic characteristics, exposure to radio,

awareness of the station and reasons for their listenership. Results showed that 87.2% were

aware of the existence of DZLB but only 54.2% listen to the station. Some of the

respondents answered they like listening to news about Laguna, the stations programs are

informative and related to their work, entertaining. Generally, the study showed that majority

of the Los Baos community were conscious of the stations existence.


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In 2004, Cabrera made a study regarding the perception of the listeners about DZLB-

AM in terms of usefulness, understandability, credibility, and effectiveness. Results were

taken from 65 randomly selected respondents from Los Baos, Laguna. The data showed that

the respondents perceived DZLB AM as educational (82%), provides relevant information

(97%) and gives timely information (95%). On the other hand, 59 favored that the DZLB

announcers were credible and believable. Cabreras study also showed the importance of

knowing the audience. The involvement of the audience was stressed out in the study as a

way of determining the relevance and effectiveness of media programs.


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THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY

In communication, knowing the audience is essential. Conducting an audience

analysis is very important to ensure a communication programs success. This research was

guided by the Pragmatic Model of Audience Choice. The model was influenced by the

work of Webster and Wakshlag (1983), who wanted to explain the choice of television

viewers. Figure 1 shows the framework of the Pragmatic Model of Audience Choice.

AUDIENCE SIDE

(1) Social Cultural Background

(2) Media-related needs

(4) Availability

(3) Tastes and preferences

(5) Awareness of Choice plus (6) Context

(E) Timing / Presentation

(B) Structure of Provision (D) Publicity

(C) Available Options

MEDIA SIDE

Figure 1. The Pragmatic Model of Audience Choice

The Pragmatic Model of Audience Choice illustrates the audiences general choice-

making process. The model has two sides, the Audience side and the Media side.

PERSON

General content

reference set

Specific content

choiceMEDIA USE

(A) MEDIA SYSTEM


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The Audience side considers the audience tastes and preferences, what motivates

individuals to join audiences and the balance of forces that maintains them (McQuail, 1997).

Thus, there are several factors in the audience side that should be considered according to

their order and distance from the moment of choice or attention (media use): (1) socio-

cultural background, (2) media-related needs, (3) personal tastes and preferences, (4)

availability, (5) awareness and (6) context. Most distant is the social and cultural background

and set of tastes and preferences. This implies that these factors have great and strong effects

on our choices.

On the other hand, media use is largely shaped by certain relatively constant

elements of social structure and media structure (McQuail, 1997). The media side consists of

media system, structure and media provision, available content options, media publicity and

time and presentation. These elements are the characteristics of any type of mass media.

The general content preference set and specific content choice are shaped through the

combination of the audiences perception and evaluation of their preferences. It is a

hypothetical construct which reflects the tastes of the intended audience for a certain

program.

ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY

The Pragmatic Model of Audience Choice was used to identify the characteristics of a

possible environmental community radio program for DZLB-AM. The theory shows that the

audience factors and media elements have a relationship with each other, but this study only

focused on describing the characteristics of DZLBs intended audience. It answered the main

problem of the research: What is the profile and programming preferences of the Los Baos

radio listeners for an environmental community radio program?


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With this model, the type of environmental information that the audience wish to

receive was based on their own choices and interests. The demographics and socio-economic

characteristics together with the listenership and participatory mechanisms helped in shaping

the entire environmental program.

In this study, the variables of the model on the audience side were modified as input

factors. The demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the respondents were

identified to determine their socio-cultural background. Their preferred environmental

information was identified to find out their media-related needs with regards to the proposed

environmental program.

Their personal tastes and preferences were defined by determining their programming

preferences. Their availability was identified by determining their preferences in terms of the

programs duration, length, day and time of airing and frequency.

Since this study is an audience analysis, the media side will not be included. The

gathered data will be interpreted and will be used to recommend the possible characteristics

of an environmental community radio program for DZLB.

INPUT OUTPUT

Figure 2. Analytical Framework of the Study

Demographic and Socio-economic Profile

Programming Preferences

Mechanism for programlistenership

Participatory techniques

Characteristics of a

DZLB environmental

radio program


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CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

Research Design

A one-shot survey design was used to gather the information needed for designing an

environmental community radio program for DZLB. Survey was used because it is

appropriate when the main aim of the study is to picture out peoples awareness, knowledge,

attitude and/or behavior towards a certain phenomena (Mercado, 1994).

Locale of the Study

Due to time and financial constraints of the researcher, the study focused on Los

Baos. Los Baos, being DZLBs hometown, is a first class municipality in the province of

Laguna, Philippines. Of the 14 barangays in Los Baos, three barangays with environmental

problems and concerns were selected. The three barangays that fit the criteria set by the

researcher are Anos, Bayog and Timugan. Each barangay has their own environmental

concerns. Flooding caused by improper waste management was the main environmental

concern in Anos. Bayog, on the other hand, is situated near the Laguna de Bay. Lastly since

Los Baos maintains a dumpsite for its waste management program Timugan, were the

dumpsite is situated was also chosen.

Respondents and Sampling Design

Systematic sampling was employed to select the studys respondents from Anos,

Bayog and Timugan. The criteria used in choosing the respondents are as follows:


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They had to be aged 18 or above; and

They have been Los Baos residents for at least five years.

The researcher started getting respondents from the first household on the right side

of the barangay hall, continuing on every other household going to the right. The researcher

moved to the next household if the target household does not have respondents. On dead

ends, the researcher crossed the street and continued on the first house on the right side of

that street.

Before the actual data gathering, the researcher requested for a list of barangayhouseholds from the municipality. According to the BIMS 2006 from the Municipal Planning

and Development Office (MPDO), Anos has a total of 1588 households, Timugan with 853

households and Bayog with 1747 households. Fifty respondents per barangay were selected

using the sampling per household method.

Data Collection and Research Instrument

Data were gathered using the survey method. A self administered questionnaire

written in Filipino was used to gather the desired information for the study. It is divided into

four parts.

The first part is about information needs and preferences for an environmental

community radio program which includes the possible environmental topics and

characteristics of the program in terms of segments, format, duration, length, day and time of

airing, host(s) characteristics and segments. However, those who answered that there is no

need for an environmental program will not answer parts two and three were asked to

proceed to part four of the questionnaire. The second part gathered suggestions on

listenership and participatory techniques.


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The third part is about radio ownership and awareness of DZLB. The last part is about the

demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the respondents particularly on age, sex,

religion, civil status, household income, occupation and/or livelihood, and household size.

Questionnaires were pre-tested with 20 respondents from Brgy. Batong Malake from

July 22 to July 23, 2008. Pre-testing was done to ensure the comprehensibility of the

instrument. Brgy. Batong Malake was chosen because the characteristics of its residents are

similar with the intended respondents.

Filipinos are known for the tradition of having siyesta in the afternoon. Thus,

questionnaire distribution and collection were done only in the morning. Questionnaires weregiven to household members with ages 18 and above and were collected before 12 noon.

Availability of a respondent in a household during the scheduled data gathering was

considered. If there was no respondent in a household, the researcher moved to the next

household. Two questionnaires were misplaced by two of the respondents so it was

immediately replaced by the researcher. Weekdays of the first three weeks of August served

as the actual data gathering period.

Data Analysis

Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics frequency counts, averages and

percentages. Tables and graphs are used to present and summarize the results.


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CHAPTER 4

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Demographic and Socio-Economic Characteristics

Age

All ages are well represented in this sample of survey respondents as they are mostly

well-distributed among all the different age categories (Figure 1). However, many of the

respondents (37%) are middle-aged (46-60 years old).

Figure 1. Respondents distribution according to age

Sex

Likewise,there is a relatively even distribution between males (47%) and females(53%) (Figure 2).


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Figure 2. Respondents distribution according to sex

Civil Status

Most of the respondents (62%) are married while twenty-five percent (25%) are

single (Figure 3). Only seven percent (7%) are separated and six percent (6%) are widowed.


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Figure 3. Respondents distribution according to civil statusReligion

More than three-fourths of the respondents are Roman Catholics (76%) (Figure 4).

The rest are distributed among other denominations: Born Again (9%), Christians (7%),

Iglesia ni Cristo (3%), Seventh Day Adventist (3%), Jehovahs Witness (2%) and Pentecostal

(1%).

Figure 4. Respondents distribution according to religion

Educational Attainment

The respondents are mostly well-educated (Figure 5). They were mostly college

graduates (29%), college undergraduates (25%), or high school graduates (19%).


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Figure 5. Respondents distribution according to age educational attainment

Source of Income

Most of the respondents (72%) are employed (Figure 6). Many of those employed are

business owners (24%), private employees (15%), and public employees (12%) (Figure 7).

The rest are mostly blue-collar workers, such as tailors (4%) and agricultural workers (4%),

consisting of farmers and fishermen. Those unemployed (28%) are mostly retired (9%) or

are still students (8%) (Figure 8).


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Figure 6. Respondents distribution according to employment

Figure 7. Respondents distribution according to occupation


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Figure 8. Distribution of unemployed respondents

Monthly Household Income

Majority of the respondents (36%) were part of the P 1,000-5,999 bracket followed

by the respondents belonging to P 6,000-10,999 bracket (23%) (Figure 9). These figures can

be attributed to Figure 7 were most of the employed respondents have their own business,

mostly sari-sari stores.


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Figure 9. Respondents distribution according to monthly household income

Household Size

The average household size was at least four members per family (59%) (Figure 10).

This shows that most of the respondents belong to big families.

Figure 10. Respondents distribution according to household size


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Environmental Information Need

Almost all of the respondents (99%) answered that there is a need for an

environmental program on radio (Table 9). According to them, this type of radio program

will increase their awareness about recent issues on the environment and provide them with

updates on local environmental developments in their barangay.

However, the remaining one percent (1%) answered that there is no need for an

environmental radio program because according to them, there are other more important

issues that the government should give attention to.

Respondents Preferred Environmental Topics

Almost three-fourths of the respondents preferred to hear about the following

environmental topics: waste management (72%), pollution (70%), and maintenance of

cleanliness (67%) (Figure 11). More or less one third of the respondents wanted the

following topics to be discussed on an environmental community radio program: forest

conservation (45%), climate change and global warming (39%). The findings show that most

of their choices are based on current and local environmental issues.


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Note: Multiple responses. Percentage based on N=150

Figure 11. Respondents environmental topic preference

The respondents wished to hear about waste management (30%) in the proposed

programs initial broadcasts (Table 1). According to them, it should be given utmost attention

since it is the first and foremost problem of the people. Also, some are still unaware of the

municipalitys waste management program. However, they emphasized that all the topics

enumerated in the questionnaire are important and are interrelated with each other.


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Table 1. Respondents environmental topic prioritization

Topic Frequency PercentageWaste Management 45 30

Pollution 29 19Cleanliness 24 16

Climate Change And Global Warming 16 11

Environmental Laws 9 6

Toxic and Hazardous Wastes 7 5

Local Environmental Issues 5 3

National Environmental Issues 5 3

Forest Conservation 3 2

Marine Resource Conservation 3 2

International Environmental Issues 1 1

(others) National Laws 1 1

Flooding 0 0

Wildlife Protection 0 0

Burning Of Garbage 0 0

Total 148 100

Preferred Program Segments

Many of the respondents wanted to hear the above topics through expert interviews

(61%) (Figure 12). Almost half (49%) also preferred man-in-the-street interviews. This

partiality to interviews indicates that they wish to learn about environmental issues by

hearing information from credible sources.

Segment treatments preferred by a significant number of the respondents also include

feature stories about environmental organizations (39%) and successful environmentalists

(32%). Thirty-one percent (31%) wanted to have a forum in the program. Again, this shows

that they are partial to hearing about environmental issues from those who are directly

involved in such issues.


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Trivia (29%) were also a preferred segment.


Figure 12. Respondents program segment preference

Preferred Program Format

Most of the respondents preferred the news format (57%), indicating that they prefer

timely information on environmental issues and concerns (Figure 13). Almost one-fourth also

prefer the commentary format (23%). This further indicates that they prefer that the

environmental issues be discussed in an in-depth manner. This corresponds with their

preference for interviews as this treatment involves elaboration and clarification of the

featured topic.


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Figure 13. Respondents program format preference

Program Duration

Thirty-four percent (34%) of the respondents wanted the program to be regular

(Figure 14). However, twenty-five percent (25%) wanted the program to air for only six

months and another twenty-five (25%) wanted it to be for one year.

Figure 14. Respondents program duration preference


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Program Length

The respondents preferred that the program air for either one-hour (41%) or thirty-

minutes (39%) per broadcast (Figure 15).

Figure 15. Respondents program length preference

Frequency and Day of Program Airing

Almost half (47%) of the respondents want the proposed environmental community

radio program to broadcast everyday (Figure 16). Many (37%) prefer it to air only once a

week, Saturday being the most preferred day for it to be broadcast with Sunday being the

second most preferred day of airing (Table 17). The weekend was also preferred by those

who wish to hear the program twice a week. Very few (5%) prefer to hear it thrice a week.


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Figure 16. Respondents preference regarding frequency and day of airing

Time of Airing

Almost half (48%) prefer that the program be aired during the morning (Figure 17),

with 7-8 a.m. being the preferred time slot (Figure 18). They reasoned that it is the best time

for radio listening since they can do it while preparing for work and their minds are still

fresh. For those who preferred it to be broadcast during the afternoon, the 1-2 or 2-3 timeslot

are indicated as the most preferred slots (Figure 19). Evening listeners prefer the 7-8 timeslot

the most (Figure 20).


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Figure 17. Respondents preference regarding time of airing

Figure 18. Respondents preferred morning time slots


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Figure 19. Respondents preferred afternoon time slots

Figure 20. Respondents preferred evening time slots


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Program Host(s) and Characteristics

Most of the respondents (83%) wanted a pair of male and female hosts for variation

of opinions and a balanced representation of both genders (Figure 21). Only five percent(5%) chose a male host, which for them represents authority and clarity of opinion.

Figure 21. Respondents choice for program host(s)

Meanwhile, the respondents wanted a program host who is knowledgeable about the

topic (87%) (Table 2). Thirty-five percent (35%) of the respondents wanted a jolly host while

29% gave importance to voice quality. More than a quarter (27%) wanted a host who is

fluent in Filipino. Only nineteen percent (19%) wanted a serious host.

Table 2. Respondents Choice for hosts characteristics

Host characteristics Frequency Count PercentageKnowledgeable 131 87Jolly 52 35

Good voice quality 43 29

Fluent in Filipino 41 27

Serious 29 19

Total 148 100Note: Multiple responses. Percentage based on N=150


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Suggested Participatory Techniques

Many of the respondents preferred to participate in the radio program through live

coverages in the barangay (45%), phone ins (41%), and the sending of comments andsuggestions (39%) (Figure 22). These results show that the respondents prefer active

participation during the program.

However, these results do not correspond with the previous results shown on

preferred program segments. Very few respondents prefer phone in (18%) and town visit

(1%) segments (Figure 12).


Figure 22. Respondents suggested listener participation techniques


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Suggested Program Listenership Techniques

Many of the respondents suggested that the program be promoted through radio

announcements (56%), TV advertisements (51%), and posters (45%) (Figure 23). The resultsshow that the respondents have access to the tri-media.


Figure 23. Respondents suggested program promotion techniques


Radio Ownership and Listening

Majority (89%) of the respondents own a radio (Figure 24). Eleven percent (11%) do

not own radio sets.


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Among those who own a radio set, more than half (52%) regularly listen to it. They

find it to be an interesting, informative pastime. Meanwhile, forty-four percent (44%) seldom

listen to their radio and four percent (4%) do not listen at all because of their busy schedule

and because they prefer to watch television.

Figure 24. Radio ownership and listenership

DZLB Awareness

Most of the respondents (69%) know about DZLB, most of whom (72%) have

listened to its programs (Figure 25). Meanwhile, in those who are not aware of the station

(31%) are mostly (89%) willing to listen to its new programs while only a few (11%) are not

interested in listening because of their busy schedule and because they prefer listening to

other AM and FM stations.

Listen regularly 52%

Seldom listen 44%

Do not listen 4%


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Figure 25. DZLB awareness

Source of Information about DZLB

The respondents learned about DZLBs revival mostly through interpersonal sources

(40%) or by tuning in to the radio and coming upon the station (38%) (Figure 23). The rest

simply reported that they found out because they are students or employees of UPLB or

because they are residents of Los Baos (21%).

Willingness to listen - 89%

Not interested to listen - 11%

Listened to DZLB program - 72%

Have never listened to the station - 28%


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Figure 26. Source of information about DZLB


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CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary

The study determined the profile and programming preferences of the Los Baos,

Laguna radio listeners for an environmental community radio program. Specifically, it: 1)

described the demographic and socio-economic profile of the intended listeners of an

environmental community radio program; 2) identified environmental information that they

wish to hear from the program; 3) identified the appropriate segments for such a community

radio program geared towards the Los Baos community; 4) determined the respondents

preferences in terms of format, duration, length, frequency, day and time of airing of the

program; 5) determined the characteristics that the respondents expect from the proposed

programs host(s); and 6) enumerated the techniques/mechanisms that can be used to

encourage program listenership and participation among the intended audience.

Fifty respondents each from barangays Anos, Bayog and Timugan were selected.

Households were chosen through systematic sampling. All household members 18 years old

and above were selected as respondents as long as they have been Los Baos residents for 5

years or more. Data was gathered through a self-administered questionnaire. Also, the

availability of the respondents to answer the questionnaire during the data gathering period

was considered.

Demographics and Socio-Economic Characteristics

All ages are well represented in this sample of survey respondents as they are mostly

well-distributed among all the different age categories. Likewise,there is a relatively even

distribution between males (47%) and females (53%).


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Most of the respondents (62%) are married. More than three-fourths of the respondents are

Roman Catholics (76%). The respondents are mostly well-educated with the majority being

college graduates (29%), college undergraduates (25%), or high school graduates (19%).

Most of the respondents are employed. Many of them are business owners (24%), private

employees (15%), and public employees (12%). The average household size is four

members (59%). Lastly, the average monthly household income of the respondents was P

1,000-5,999 (36%).


Almost all of the respondents (99%) indicated the need for an environmentalcommunity radio program. They want to hear about the following environmental topics:

waste management (72%), pollution (70%), and maintenance of cleanliness (67%), forest

conservation (45%), and climate change and global warming (39%).

Many of the respondents wanted to hear the above topics through expert interviews

(61%) and man-in-the-street interviews (49%). This partiality to interviews indicates that

they wish to learn about environmental issues by hearing information from credible sources.

Radio features, a forum and trivia segments were also preferred by many. Most of the

respondents preferred that the program be presented through the news format (57%),

indicating that they preferred timely information on environmental issues and concerns.

Many (34%) of the respondents wanted the program to be regular. The respondents

preferred that the program air for either one-hour (41%) or thirty-minutes (39%) per

broadcast.

Almost half (47%) of the respondents wanted the proposed environmental community

radio program to broadcast everyday although many (37%) preferred it to air only once a

week, Saturday being the day most preferred it to broadcast. Almost half (48%) preferred


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that the program be aired during the morning, with 7-8 a.m. being the preferred time slot so

they can listen while preparing for work.

Most of the respondents (83%) wanted a pair of male and female hosts for a balancedrepresentation of both genders. The respondents wanted a program host who is

knowledgeable about the topic (87%), jolly (35%), fluent in Filipino (27%), with a good

voice quality (29%).

Many of the respondents preferred to actively participate in the radio program

through live coverages in the barangay (45%), phone ins (41%), and the sending of

comments and suggestions (39%). Many of the respondents suggested that the program bepromoted through radio announcements (56%), TV advertisements (51%), and posters

(45%).


Eighty-nine percent (89%) of the respondents own radio, in which more than half

(52%) regularly listen to radio. They find it an interesting and informative pastime. Those

who seldom listen to the radio (44%) and do not listen at all (4%) reasoned their busy

schedule and that they prefer watching television.

Most of the respondents (69%) are aware of DZLB and seventy-two percent (72%) of

those who are aware have listened to its programs. They discovered DZLB through

interpersonal sources (40%) and through radio (38%).


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Conclusion

1. All ages and both sexes are well represented in the sample of survey respondents.

Most of the respondents are Roman Catholics, married, well-educated and employed.

More than one-third of the respondents belong to P 1,000-5,999 monthly income

bracket. The average household size is four members.

2. There is a need for a community radio program about the environment. The

respondents wanted a program that will give them knowledge regarding current

environmental issues in their community.

3. The respondents wanted a program consists of different segments that will make the

program interesting to the audience. Moreover, they prefer to hear environmental

information from credible sources who are directly involved in the issues.

4. They prefer broadcast topics that are timely, informative, and discussed in an in-depth

manner. Also, the respondents wanted that the program be aired in a morning timeslot

that does not conflict with their work.

5. The respondents preferred credible and lively experts to host the program.

6. They prefer active participation in the program. However, their program segment

preferences show otherwise. Moreover, the respondents have access to various types

of media that can be used to promote the program.

Recommendations

Based from the results of the study, the following are recommended for an

environmental community radio program:

DZLB should collaborate with institutions like the Department of Environment and

Natural Resources (DENR), School of Environmental Science and Management

(SESAM), Environment Research and Development Bureau (ERDB) and others to

gather experts that will be helpful in providing credible information.

The program should have a forum where environmentalists and experts can be invited

and listeners can phone in or send their questions, comments and suggestions.


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Man-in-the street (MIS) interviews and trivias can be interspersed within the program

to lighten up the discussion. Moreover, a segment featuring successful stories and

environmental organizations should also be included in the program clock.

The program should be aired from 7 to 8 in the morning either regularly, from

Mondays to Sundays, or once a week, during Saturdays, if sustainability is an issue.

A combination of news and commentary formats can be designed to fit the audiences

preferences. Since it will be a regular program, the topics can be subdivided into

specific topics.

The hosts should be a pair of male and female. Since the audience want credible

sources knowledgeable in the field, they can be experts in environmental science or

from an environmental institution (e.g. DENR secretary).

Since more than three-fourths are still not aware of the DZLBs existence, extensive

promotion should be done. DZLB must utilize different types of media in promoting

the stations programs. Although most of those who are unaware are willing to listen,

capturing and keeping their interest is still a challenge. Thus, the strategies should be

creative and appealing. It can be in a form of jingle played as a radio announcement, a

short video advertisement or posters placed in public places.

The following are recommended for further study:

Respondents were chosen from only three Los Baos barangays because of financial

and time constraints. It is recommended that a similar study be done to the other

eleven (11) barangays to fully represent the Los Baos residents.

It is also recommended that other areas of Laguna be surveyed regarding their

programming preferences for an environmental community radio program.


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APPENDICES


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APPENDIX A


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Table 6. Respondents distribution according to religion

Table 7. Respondents distribution according to age educational attainment

Educational Attainment Frequency PercentageElementary Undergraduate 1 1

Elementary Graduate 11 7High School Undergraduate 12 8

High School Graduate 28 19College Undergraduate 37 25

College Graduate 44 29Vocational 9 6Masteral 4 3

Doctorate 3 2With law degree 1 1

TOTAL 150 100

Religion Frequency PercentageRoman Catholic 114 76

Born Again 13 9Christian 10 7

Iglesia ni Cristo 4 37th Day Adventist 5 3Jehova's Witness 3 2

Pentecostal 1 1TOTAL 150 100


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Table 8. Respondents distribution according to source of income

Occupation/ Livelihood Frequency Percentage

Employed 108 72

Business owner 36 24

Private employee 22 15

Public employee 18 12

Tailor 6 4

Agricultural workers 6 4

Driver 5 3

Self-employed 4 3Vendor 4 3

Housekeeper 2 1

Construction worker 2 1

Architect 1 1

Technician 1 1

Welder 1 1

Unemployed 42 28

Retired 14 9

Students 12 8

Housewives 9 6

Job seekers 7 5

TOTAL 150 100


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Table 9. Respondents distribution according to monthly household income

Income Bracket Frequency PercentageP 1,000-5,999 54 36

P 6,000-10,999 34 23P 999 23 15P 6,000 and above 20 13

P 11,000-5,999 19 13TOTAL 150 100

Table 10. Respondents distribution according to household size

Number of Household members

(except respondent)

Frequency Percentage

4 and above 88 592 21 143 18 121 16 110 7 5

TOTAL 150 100


Table 11. Environmental information need

Answer Frequency Percentage

Yes 148 99

No 2 1

TOTAL 150 100


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Table 12. Respondents environmental topic preference

Environmental topics Frequency PercentageWaste management 108 72

Pollution 105 70Cleanliness 101 67Forest conservation 68 45

Climate change and global warming 58 39Local environmental laws 55 37

Marine resource conservation 52 35toxic and hazardous wastes 33 22Local environmental issues 32 21

Flooding 30 20Effect of garbage burning 28 19

Wildlife protection 27 18

National environmental issues 20 13International environmental issues 10 7

(others)National laws1 1

Laguna Lake 1 1TOTAL 148 100

Table 13. Respondents program segment preference

Program segment Frequency PercentageExpert interview 92 61MIS 74 49

Stories of environmental organizations 59 39Stories of success 48 32

Forum 46 31Trivia 44 29

Phone in 27 18Plugs 23 15Skit 15 10

Music 14 9

(others)mayor's segmenttown visit

11

11

TOTAL 148 100


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Table 14. Respondents program format preference

Program format Frequency PercentageNews 86 57

Commentary 34 23Magazine Program 12 8SOA 11 7

Drama 5 3TOTAL 148 100

Table 15. Respondents program duration preference

Table 16. Respondents program length preference

Program length Frequency Percentage

Regular programming 51 346 months 38 251 year 37 251 1/2 year 22 15

TOTAL 148 100

Program duration Frequency Percentage1 hour program 62 4130 minute-program 59 3915 minute-program 19 1345 minute-program 8 5

TOTAL 148 100


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Table 17. Respondents preference regarding frequency and day of airing

Frequency and day of program

airing

Frequency Percentage

Everyday (Monday-Sunday) 70 47

Once a week 55 37

SaturdaySundayFridayTuesdayMondayWednesdayThursday

291932110

201321110

Twice a week 15 10

Saturday and SundayTuesday and ThursdayMonday and FridayWednesday and FridayMonday and Wednesday

112110

51110

Thrice a week 8 5

Monday, Wednesday, FridaySunday, Tuesday, FridayTuesday, Thursday, SaturdaySunday, Wednesday, FridayMonday, Thursday, Saturday

Monday, Wednesday, SaturdaySunday, Tuesday, Thursday

62000

00

41000

00

TOTAL 148 100


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Table 18. Respondents preference regarding time of airing

Time of airing Frequency PercentageMorning (48%) 72 49

6-7 4 37-8 33 22

8-9 12 8

9-10 10 7

10-11 8 5

11-12 5 3

Afternoon (22%) 36 24

12-1 5 3

1-2 9 6

2-3 8 5

3-4 4 3

4-5 7 5

5-6 3 2

Evening (20%) 40 27

6-7 9 6

7-8 15 10

8-9 8 5

9-10 8 5

TOTAL 148 100

Table 19. Respondents choice for program host(s)

Gender and number of host(s) Frequency Percentage1 Male and 1 Female 124 83

1 Male 8 51 Female 5 3

1 Male and 2 Females 5 32 Males and 1 Female 2 1

3 Females 2 12 Males 1 1

2 Males and 2 Females 1 12 Females 0 0

3 Males 0 0TOTAL 148 100


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Table 20. Respondents suggested listener participation techniques

Participatory techniques Frequency PercentageLive coverage in barangay 67 45

Phone-in 61 41Comments and suggestions 59 39Guesting in the program 25 17

Greetings sent in drop-box 22 15Texting 3 2

Youth activities 1 1E-mails 1 1

TOTAL 148 100

Table 21. Respondents suggested program promotion techniques

Program listenership techniques Frequency PercentageRadio announcements 84 56

TV advertisements 76 51Posters 68 45

House-to-house 38 25Giving of leaflets and fliers 32 21

Announcements in every brgy using megaphone 21 14Features a brgy 1 1

word of mouth 1 1TOTAL 148 100


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Table 22. Radio ownership and listening

Table 23. DZLB awareness

DZLB Awareness and Listening Frequency PercentageAwareness of DZLB

Aware of DZLB 104 69Not aware of DZLB 46 31

DZLB ListenershipListened to DZLB programs 75 72Have never listened to the station 29 28

Willingness to listen to DZLBWilling 41 89Not interested 5 11

Table 24. Source of information about DZLB

Source Of Information Frequency Percentage

Interpersonal sources 42 40

Through radio 40 38As a UPLB constituent/Los Baos resident 22 21

TOTAL 104 67

Answer Frequency PercentageYes 148 89

Listen regularly 69 52

Seldom 59 44

Do not listen 5 4

No 2 11

TOTAL 150 100


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APPENDIX B


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Panuto: Makikisagutan ang mga sumusunod na katanungan.

I. IDEYA UKOL SA ISANG PROGRAMANG PANGKALIKASAN(Para sa mga katanungang may kahon, lagyan ng tsek ang kasagutang iyong napili.)

1.Kinakailangan bang magkaroon ng isang programang pangkapaligiran sa radyo? Oo

Hindi

1.1 Bakit?

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

______(KungHindi ang iyong kasagutan sa bilang 1, dumiretso sa bilang 14, pahina 6)

2.Anu-ano ang mga paksa tungkol sa kapaligiran ang nais mong talakayin sa radyo?(Pumili at mag-tsek ng 5 paksa) Polusyon (sa hangin, tubig, atbp.)

Pagsasa-ayos ng Basura

Pagsusunog ng Basura Pagpapanatili ng Kalinisan

Pagbabago-bago ng Klima (Climate Change o Global Warming)

Pangangalaga sa Kagubatan Pangangalaga sa mga Hayop

Pangangalaga sa Yamang Dagat

Mga toxic at nakakalasong kemikal

Mga isyung lokal tungkol sa kapaligiranMga isyung pambansa tungkol sa kapaligiran

Mga isyung pang-internasyonal tungkol sa kapaligiran

PagbahaMga batas panglokal para sa kalikasan

Iba pang isyu (Tukuyin)

____________________________________________________

3.Sa iyong palagay, anu-ano ang dapat na maging laman ng isang programangpangkapaligiran sa radyo na pangkomunidad ang sakop? (Maaring magtsek ng higit sa isa)

Interbyu ng ordinaryong mamamayan

Interbyu ng isang eksperto sa pag-aaral sa kapaligiran Skit (maiikling drama)

Kwento ng kilalang tao na naging matagumpay sa larangan ng pag-aaral sa

kapaligiran

Kwento ng mga tao o organisasyon na nagtatanggol sa kalikasan o environmentalists Trivia (maikling dagdag-kaalaman)

Tugtugan (mga musika)

Plugs (maiikling anunsiyo)


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Forum (talakayan ng eksperto at tagapakinig na pupunta sa istasyon sa oras ng

programa)

Phone-in (pag-uusap sa telepono ng eksperto at tagapakinig sa oras ng programa) Iba pa (Tukuyin)

__________________________________________________________

4.Sa anongformatmo nais marinig ang programang pangkapaligiran?

(Magtsek ng isa lamang)

Balita (lokal o sa buong bansa) Drama (ginaganapan ng ibat-ibang karakter at may dayalog)

Komentaryo (pagbibigay ng saloobin tungkol sa paksang pag-uusapan)

Paaralang Panghimpapawid (mga mag-aaral na nakiking sa mga aralin sa radyo)Magazine Program (mas malalim na pagtatalakay sa ibat-ibang paksa)

Iba pa (Tukuyin)

__________________________________________________________

5. Gaano katagal mo gustong maisahimpapawid ang ganitong klase ng programa sa radyo? 6 na buwan 1 taon 1 na taon

Iba pa (Tukuyin)

__________________________________________________________6. Gaano ang tamang haba ng ganitong programa para sa iyo?

15 minuto 30 minuto

45 minuto

Isang oras Iba pa (Tukuyin)

__________________________________________________________

7. Gaano kadalas mo nais marinig ang ganitong programa? (Sa ilalim ng iyong sagot ay

pumili rin kung anong araw mo nais itong mapakinggan)

Araw-araw (Lunes hanggang Linggo)

Isang beses sa isang linggo Linggo

Lunes

MartesMiyerkules

Huwebes

Biyernes Sabado

Dalawang beses sa isang linggo

Lunes at Miyerkules Lunes at Biyernes

Miyerkules at Biyernes


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Martes at Huwebes

Sabado at Linggo

Tatlong beses sa isang linggo Lunes, Miyerkules at Biyernes

Martes, Huwebes at Sabado

Miyerkules, Biyernes at Linggo Huwebes, Sabado at Lunes

Biyernes, Linggo at Martes

Sabado, Lunes, at Miyerkules Linggo, Martes at Huwebes

Iba pa (Tukuyin)

_________________________________________________

7.1 Bakit iyon ang iyong napili?

_______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

8. Anong oras mo nais mapakinggan ang programa? (Pumili lamang ng isa)

7-8 ng umaga

8-9 ng umaga 9-10 ng umaga

10-11 ng umaga

11-12 ng umaga 12-1 ng hapon

1-2 ng hapon

2-3 ng hapon

3-4 ng hapon 4-5 ng hapon

5-6 ng hapon

6-7 ng gabi 7-8 ng gabi

8-9 ng gabi

9-10 ng gabi Iba pa (Tukuyin) ___________________________

8.1 Bakit iyon ang iyong napili?_______________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

___


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Iba pa (Tukuyin)

__________________________________________________________

12. Anong paraan ang iyong maimumungkahi upang makilala ng tao ang programa at

mahikayat makinig? (Maaring magtsek ng higit sa isa o magbigay ng sariling mungkahi)

Pag-aanunsiyo sa radyo Paglalagay ng poster sa mga lugar na madalas puntahan ng tao

Pagmimigay ng leaflets o fliers sa mga naglalakad

Patalastas sa telebisyon Pagroronda sa mga barangay at pag-aanunsiyo gamit ang megaphone

Pagbabahay-bahay

Iba pa (Tukuyin)__________________________________________________________

13. Sa mga napili mong paksa tungkol sa kapaligiran sa bilang 2 sa ikalawang pahina, alindito ang nais mong unang mapakinggan?

________________________________________________

13.1 Bakit iyon ang iyong napili?_______________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

___

III. KAALAMAN TUNGKOL SA RADYO DZLB

14. Mayroon ka bang radyo?

MeronWala (Dumiretso sa bilang 16)

15. Madalas ka bang makinig sa radyo? Oo

Bihira

Hindi

15.1 Bakit?

________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___


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16. Alam mo ba ang Radyo DZLB sa

los baños radio listeners' preferences for an environmental community radio program

Documents