lecture 2 the political system in the united states 13 states in the new nation: in the northeast...
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Lecture 2 The Political SystemLecture 2 The Political System in the United States in the United States
13 States in the new nation:13 States in the new nation:In the Northeast In the Northeast
Massachusetts Massachusetts ConnecticutConnecticut Rhode IslandRhode Island New HampshireNew Hampshire
Lecture 2 The Political SystemLecture 2 The Political System in the United States in the United States
Mid- AtlanticMid- Atlantic MarylandMaryland PennsylvaniaPennsylvania DelawareDelaware New YorkNew York New JerseyNew Jersey
Lecture 2 The Political SystemLecture 2 The Political System in the United States in the United States
SouthSouth
VirginiaVirginia
North Carolina North Carolina
South CarolinaSouth Carolina
Georgia Georgia
Lecture 2 The Political SystemLecture 2 The Political System in the United States in the United States
建国初期的建国初期的 1313 个州个州 马萨诸塞 马里兰 弗吉尼亚马萨诸塞 马里兰 弗吉尼亚 康涅狄格 宾西法尼亚 北卡罗来纳康涅狄格 宾西法尼亚 北卡罗来纳 罗德岛 特拉华 南卡罗来纳罗德岛 特拉华 南卡罗来纳 新罕布什尔 纽约 佐治亚新罕布什尔 纽约 佐治亚
Lecture 2 The Political SystemLecture 2 The Political System in the United States in the United States
I Articles of Confederation (I Articles of Confederation ( 联邦条款）联邦条款） and Constitand Constitutionution （宪法）（宪法）
1.1. Why the Articles of Confederation was needed?Why the Articles of Confederation was needed?
the situation when the war of Independence was ovethe situation when the war of Independence was overr
Lecture 2 The Political SystemLecture 2 The Political System in the United States in the United States
1)1) It was not one unified nation.It was not one unified nation.
2)2) Each state made its own laws and handled all of its Each state made its own laws and handled all of its internal affairs.internal affairs.
3)3) The Congress had little power.The Congress had little power.
2. What was it supposed to do? P 212. What was it supposed to do? P 21
Lecture 2 The Political SystemLecture 2 The Political System in the United States in the United States
3. Why did it (AC) fail?3. Why did it (AC) fail? -- The states did not cooperate.-- The states did not cooperate. -- It could not pay debts nor could it tax any cit-- It could not pay debts nor could it tax any cit
izen.izen.
4. The Constitutional Convention(4. The Constitutional Convention( 制宪会议）制宪会议）May 1787, Philadelphia May 1787, Philadelphia
Lecture 2 The Political SystemLecture 2 The Political System in the United States in the United States
-- To discuss to strengthen the AC.-- To discuss to strengthen the AC.
-- Rhode Island did not participate.-- Rhode Island did not participate.
-- The Constitution was made, setting up a feder-- The Constitution was made, setting up a federal system with a strong central government.al system with a strong central government.
3 branches: the executive 3 branches: the executive 行政行政 the legislative the legislative 立法立法 the judicial the judicial 司法司法
Lecture 2 The Political SystemLecture 2 The Political System in the United States in the United States
5. 5. Bill of Rights ( Bill of Rights ( 权利法案）权利法案） added to the Constitutioadded to the Constitution in 1791n in 1791
--10 amendments guaranteeing the freedoms or the basi--10 amendments guaranteeing the freedoms or the basic rights and privileges of citizens P58c rights and privileges of citizens P58
6. Amendments to the Constitution as of(6. Amendments to the Constitution as of( 截止）截止） 1991 1991 P59P59
Lecture 2 The Political SystemLecture 2 The Political System in the United States in the United States
II Legislative Branch (II Legislative Branch ( 立法机构）立法机构） --Congress --Congress (( 国会国会 ))
1.1. Functions of the legislativeFunctions of the legislative
2.2. Congress: Congress:
the House of Representatives the House of Representatives 众议 众议 2 years 2 years
the Senate the Senate 参议院参议院 6 years6 years
Lecture 2 The Political SystemLecture 2 The Political System in the United States in the United States
3. The main duty of the Congress—to make la3. The main duty of the Congress—to make lawsws
bill/ proposal bill/ proposal 提议提议 // 案案 lobby lobby 院外游说团院外游说团4. How can a bill become a law?4. How can a bill become a law?
a bill the Congress the presidenta bill the Congress the president
Lecture 2 The Political SystemLecture 2 The Political System in the United States in the United States
III Executive Branch– PresidentIII Executive Branch– President
1.1. 4-year term4-year term
2.2. The power of the president P 56The power of the president P 56
3.3. The cabinet ( The cabinet ( 内阁内阁 ) –P57) –P57
Lecture 2 The Political SystemLecture 2 The Political System in the United States in the United States
13 main government departments:13 main government departments:
State, Treasury, Defense, State, Treasury, Defense,
Justice, Interior, Agriculture, Justice, Interior, Agriculture,
Transportation, Energy, EducationTransportation, Energy, Education
Commerce, Labor Commerce, Labor
Health and Human Services, Health and Human Services,
Housing and Urban Development, Housing and Urban Development,
Lecture 2 The Political SystemLecture 2 The Political System in the United States in the United States
Judicial Branch– the Supreme Court (Judicial Branch– the Supreme Court ( 最高法院最高法院 )) the Supreme Courtthe Supreme Court : 1 : 1 chief justicechief justice
8 associate justices8 associate justices most important function –determining whether the comost important function –determining whether the co
ngressional legislation or executive action violates the ngressional legislation or executive action violates the ConstitutionConstitution
Lecture 2 The Political SystemLecture 2 The Political System in the United States in the United States
V Checks and Balance V Checks and Balance 制约与平衡 制约与平衡 P 58P 58 VI Political PartiesVI Political Parties 2 major political party2 major political party
the Democratic Party ( donkey) the Democratic Party ( donkey)
(more liberal )(more liberal )
the Republican Party ( elephant)the Republican Party ( elephant)
(more conservative) (more conservative)
Lecture 2 The Political SystemLecture 2 The Political System in the United States in the United States
Summary Summary Question :What do you know about American Question :What do you know about American
political system?political system?
