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Food Adulteration

Vinu Food Productswww.vinufoods.in

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We are going to discuss.....

What constitutes ‘Food Adulteration’?

How serious is it – What motivates?

Generally used Adulterants,

Tests with Demos for Identification,

Explanation of the legislation introduced. 

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What is Adulteration?

To adulterate is defined as “to makeimpure by addition” which thus leads to

adulteration.In relation to food, we can take this to

mean “the addition of foreign substances,

being contaminated by chemicals, orbefouled by animal and humanexcrement” 

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Adulteration – Serious?

  Times of India – New Delhi .

  Times of India – Chennai.

  TV- 9 Video – Daily Food = cancer.

   Aaj Tak - Sweets 

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Adulteration – Serious?

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!! Historical Note !!

Throughout history food has been

subject to adulteration.

Henry VIII cherished saffron so much

that he condemned saffron adulterersto death

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Fredrick Accum’s 1820 Book

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Exposé….

The book was titled "A Treatise on Adulterations of Food and CulinaryPoisons".

The book included a reference to 2 KingsChapter IV Verse 40. - "There is Death inthe Pot", a reference to the fact that thefood being consumed could not be eaten.

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Adulteration……..

The deliberate adulteration of food was acommon and, until 1860, virtually

unrestricted practice.For example, because of the Englishman's

dislike for brown bread, bakers regularly

whitened their flour with alum.Conditions for the processing and sale of 

foods were unsanitary.

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Foods that were

Adulterated

pepper - gravel, leaves and twigs added

tea - exhausted tea leaves and other

leaves added and glazed with black leadbread - grit, sand, ashes and mashed

potato were added and alum used for

bleaching.

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Foods that were

Adulterated

rum and beer - strychnine, cocculus inculus(both are hallucinogens) and copperas wereadded

pickles, bottled fruit, wine, andpreserves - sulphate of copper added

mustard - lead chromate

chinese tea - ferric ferrocynanide, limesulphate, and turmeric

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Foods that were

Adulterated

copper carbonate, lead sulphate,bisulphate of mercury, and Venetian lead

in sugar confectionery and chocolateRed lead gave Gloucester cheese its

'healthy' red hue

flour and arrowroot a rich thickness tocream

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Adulterants – Health

effects and Tests

  Common Adulterants and their effects.

  Common Adulterants Tests 

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Food Legislation…

Prevention of Food Adulteration Act,1953.

Covers all foods available in retail including milk,confectionaries, Pulses, Rice etc.

Standards have been defined for all itemsavailable under items

  A view of the act

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PFA act, 1953 – 

Implementation - Earlier 

  Central Commitee on Food Standards Chairman – DG Heath.

Members from Central Food Laboratory, State Food Authority, Food Experts

  Local health authorities  Inspection of processing facilities , retail stores and eateries by Municipal

health officials.

Lab Analysis Central Food Laboratory.

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Future – Food Safety and

Standards Authority of India - 2006

Multiple Laws such as FPO, PFA, MPOunder one umbrella.

It is yet to be fully implemented

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Online - Resources

Food Safety and Standard

Authority of India

  Food Safety Helpline