ergonomia ambiental.docx

8/19/2019 ERGONOMIA AMBIENTAL.docx

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FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA INDUSTRIAL - EPE

INGENIERÍA DE MÉTODOS

TRABAJO

ERGONOMIA AMBIENTAL

INTEGRANTES DELGRUPO:

1) CAIRA BRAVO, KAREN2) CORZO GLANDEL, RAQUEL) MORENO LOPEZ, DALILA!) QUIROZ MOLINA, MARTIN") RAMOS ZURIC#AQUI, VICTOR

PROFESOR: J$%& C%'(* Q$+'


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ERGONOMIA AMBIENTAL

ERGONOMIA AMBIENTAL

I. FACTOR AMBIENTAL LUMINICO

1. Descripción

L% +($+&%.+/& 0* $& %.' %3+0&%( 4$0 +&0'0*% % (* 0'5&+*%* 6' *$+&($0&.+% 0& 0( 70*0608 70 (%* %'0%* 70 (* 9$%&* 0& 50&0'%(, (% +($+&%.+/&6$070 +&0'0'+' 0& (% %70.$%7% ;+*$%(+%.+/& 70 (* 3'0% $&7%0&%(0&0 0*$7+%& (* %.'0* 70(% ;+*+/&, (%* $0&0* 70 +($+&%.+/&, %*@ . (%* .%'%.0'@*+.%* = '04$0'++0&* 70(%* %'0%* = 0( 0&'&?

Confort lu!nico"

L% %=' 6%'0 70 (% +&'%.+/& (% '0.+3+* 6' (% ;+*%? P%'% 4$0 &$0*'% %.+;+7%7

(%3'%( *0 70*%''((0 70 $&% '% 0+.%, &0.0*+% 4$0 (% ($ = (% ;+*+/& *0.6(00&0& 6%'% .&*05$+' $&% %=' 6'7$.+;+7%7, *05$'+7%7 = .&'? L% ($ *070+&0 . $&% '%7+%.+/& 0(0.'%5&+.% .%6% 70 *0' 700.%7% 6' 0(


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ERGONOMIA AMBIENTAL

E( &+;0( 70 +($+&%.+/& 0* 0( &+;0( 70 ($ 4$0 +&.+70 *3'0 $& 3


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P'+&.+6+* 6%'% 7+*08%' .0&'* 70 '%3%6+7%0&0 % 07+7% 4$0 &* %(0 $+(+%' +($+&%.+/& %$+(+%' %'++.+%( 0& %(5$&%* 6%'0* 70( (.%( +&.($* 70 7@%?

E;+%' (% %$*0&.+% %( 70 ($ &%$'%(, %$& .& $&% %70.$%7% ($ %'++.+%(, 703+7 %(% *0&*%.+/& 70 0&.0''%+0& 4$0 0* *$6&0?

D+*'+3$+' $&+'00&0 (* &+;0(0* 70 +($+&%.+/&? L% 70*+5$%( 7+*'+3$.+/& 70 (%*(>6%'%* 6'7$.0 7+0'0&.+%* 70 +&0&*+7%7 ($+&*%? E;+%' (% +($+&%.+/& 70%*+%77+$*%? E*0 +6 70 +($+&%.+/& '07$.0 (* .&'%*0* 70 ($.0* = *3'%*,060'%&7 (% 60'.06.+/& 70 (* 36%'%* 4$0 6$07%& *0' ;+*%*, 70*70 .$%(4$+0' &% 70

'%3%& *$*60&7+7%*?

E;+%' (* 70*($3'%+0&* +&7+'0.* 6'7$.+7* 6' *$60'+.+0* '0(0.%&0**+$%7%* 0& (% &% 70 60'%.+/& *$* 6'++7%70*?

Ingeniería de Métodos


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E;+%' 0( 70*($3'%+0&, .&'(%&7 7%* (%* $0&0* ($+&*%* 0+*0&0*70&' 70( .%6 ;+*$%(? U+(+%&7 60'*+%&%* .'+&%* 0& (%* ;0&%&%*, %*@ . 0(06(0 70 ($+&%'+%* .& 7+$*'0* 6%&%((%* 4$0 +6+7%& (% ;+*+/& 70( .$0'63'+((%&0 70 (%* (>6%'%*?

C('0* 70( ($5%' 70 '%3%* %.$*%7* (* .&'%*0*?

L$.0* +&0'+0&0*? E;+%' (% 6'0*0&.+% 70 (%* (>6%'%* ($'0*.0&0* 700'+'%7%*=% 4$0 6$070& 6'7$.+' 6%'6%70* $= %.$*%7*?

E0.* 0*'3*./6+.*? E*0 00. *0 6$070 %&+0*%' 6'+&.+6%(0&0 0& (%*>4$+&%* 5+'%'+%*? D030* 0;+%'(, 6'4$0 6$070 '0*$(%' (0* .$%&7%6%'0.0 0& %'0%* 4$0 '04$+0'0& $&% %0&.+/& **0&+7%, = %3+& 6$070 *0' 60(+5'* .$%&7 7% ($5%' % (% +6'0*+/& 70 4$0 (%* 6%'0* '%+;%* 70 $&% >4$+&%5+'%& % 6.% ;0(.+7%7, 0*>& 6%'%7%* 5+'%& 0& *0&+7 .&'%'+?

S0 (++%'> 0( '+0*5 70 7%8* % (%* 60'*&%* . .&*0.$0&.+% 70 $&%

+($+&%.+/& +&%70.$%7% 0& &%* 70 .+'.$(%.+/& 70 (* 07++.+*, %& +&0'+'0* .00'+'0*, +&.($* 0& .%* 70 00'50&.+% 70 %(( 70( %($3'%7 &'%(?

#. Re$ul%ción N%cion%l

L% '05(% *0 0&.$0&'% %6'3%7%

VISTOS: E( O+.+ N 2!2-2-MTPEH2 70( D0*6%.9 70( V+.0 M+&+*' 70 T'%3%


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Q$0, 0( (+0'%( ) 70( %'@.$( " 70 (% L0= N 211, L0= 70( M+&+*0'+ 70 T'%3%&+.% 70(P70' E*+.% 70E'5&@% = 70 P'.07++0& 70 E;%($%.+/& 70 R+0*5 D+*0'5&/+., 0& '+ %(* $&7%0&* 06$0** 0& (% 6%'0 .&*+70'%+;% 70 (% 6'0*0&0 '0*($.+/&+&+*0'+%(, 4$0 0& %&0 '% 6%'0 70 (% +*%? A'@.$( 2?- L% A$'+7%7 A7+&+*'%+;% 70 T'%3%


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3?- I&*60..+/& 70 0


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&0.0*+%& 5%%* .& 6'0..+/& (%0'%(? P0' *+ 0( 60(+5' ;+0&0 70*70 %''+3% 70*70%3%* $&+'0 6*+3(0?

) M%&0&0' $&* &+;0(0* = .&'%*0* %70.$%7* 0&'0 (* 3& *+*0%* $0&0* 70 ($ 4$0 60'& *+*0%* $0&0* 70 ($ 4$0 6'7$.%& $&% +6'0*+/& ;+*$%( 70+&0'+0&.+% 4$0 6$07%& 7%' ($5%' % 00.* 0*'3*./6+.*?

6%'%* ($'0*.0&0* *0 7030 6'.070' % *$ '>6+7%*$*+$.+/&?



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3. Uso )e e*uipos )e protección person%l

L% 6'0..+/& .$(%' 7030 .$6(+' (* *+5$+0&0* '04$0'++0&*, 0&+0&7 0& .$0&%4$0 *( *& %6* 6%'% *$ $* %4$0((* EPP 4$0 *0 0&.$0&'%& 0& .''0.%*.&7+.+&0*:

D030 *0' ./7% %7%6>&7*0 .''0.%0&0 %( '*')? D030 0&.&'%'*0 0& 3$0&%* .&7+.+&0* 70 $* & 7030 6'0*0&%' '%=&0*,6%.+7%70* &+ +&.'$*%.+&0*, & 7030 9%30' *$'+7 4$03'%7$'%* &+ 6'0*+&0*+&703+7%* *3'0 *$ 0*'$.$'%, 0.?)?

D030 60'%&0.0' 0& .''0.%* .&7+.+&0* 70 9+5+0&0 & 7030& 4$07%' +'%7* *3'0 0*%* 70 '%3%


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R0*6&70'> % .%3+*, 70 *0' &0.0*%'+, 70 %.$0'7 % (% 060'+0&.+% 4$0

*$'(+*+* 0'5&/+. 70 (* 0*6%.+* 70 '%3%


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7+0&*+&0* '07$.+7% % .6%'%.+/& 70 (%* 5'%&70* *%(%* 70 '%3%


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Tipos )e rui)o en el %+iente l%+or%l

C$%&7 &* '00'+* % '$+7 0& 0( >3+ 70 '%3%


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L% e)ición )el rui)o

E& 0( ($5%' 70 '%3%


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'0.$'** &%$'%(0* 4$0 6$07%& +&0'0'+' .& 0( &'%( 70*%''(( 70 7% '% 70;+7% = 70 (% *.+07%7

Q$0, 0( A'@.$( 1" 70 (% L0= G0&0'%( 70 S%($7, L0= N 2!2, 0*%3(0.0 4$0.''0*6&70 % (% A$'+7%7 70 S%($7 .600&0 7+.%' (%*07+7%* 6%'% +&++%' = .&'(%' (* '+0*5* 6%'% (% *%($7 70 (%* 60'*&%*70'+;%7* 70 0(00&*, %.'0* = %50&0* %3+0&%(0*, 70.&'+7%7 .& ( 4$0 0*%3(0.0, 0& .%7% .%*, (% (0= 70 (% %0'+%

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I&7$*'+% 0%('5+.% 0& 50&0'%(, 0& 7&70 *0 '0%(+%& %'0%* 70 60''%.+/& 706+0%* 0>(+.%*, (%+&%7, '0+(%7, 0*+'%+0&, .'0, 0.?

U+(+%.+/& 70 90''%+0&%* &0$>+.%* . 60''%7'%*, %'+((*, %(%7'*?

O60'%.+/& 70 %4$+&%'+%* 0+(0*?

T'%3%&+.%*, *+0''%* .+'.$(%'0*, .06+((%7'%*?

L% (+0&7% 70 .%$.9, 70 6(>*+. = (% +&=0..+/& 70 0** %0'+%(0* 6%'% (70?

E( '%3%


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*+& $&% 0*.%(% (5%'@+.%, ( .$%( 4$+0'0 70.+' 4$0 $& 604$08 %$0& 70( &+;0( 7070.+30(0* 0*, 0& '0%(+7%7, $& 5'%& %$0& 70( &+;0( 70 '$+7?

(. Enfere)%)es

• Disinución )e l% c%p%ci)%) %u)iti%

L% 7+*+&$.+/& 70 (% .%6%.+7%7 %$7++;% 6$070 7030'*0 % $& 3(4$0 0.>&+. 70 (%'%&*+*+/& 70( *&+7 %( @7 +&0'& 6'7+7% 70 %$7+.+/& .&7$.+;%) % (0*+&0* 70(%* .($(%* .+(+%7%* 70 (% ./.(0%, 4$0 '% 6%'0 70( @7 +&0'& 6'7+7% 70 %$7+.+/&*0&*&0$'>(5+.%)? E& '%'%* .%*+&0*, 0( 700'+' %$7++; %3+& 6$070 *0' 6';.%7 6' '%*'&* 70 6'.0*%+0& %$7++; .0&'%( .$%&7 (* .0&'*%$7++;* 70( .0'03' *0 ;0& %0.%7*)?

• ,4r)i)% )e %u)ición prooc%)% por el rui)o

L% 6'7+7% %$7++;% . .&*0.$0&.+% 70( '$+7 0* (% 0&0'07%7 6'0*+&%( >*.& 0& E$'6%, = '06'0*0&% %6'+%7%0&0 $&% 0'.0'% 6%'0 70 (%*0&0'07%70* 70 '+50& (%3'%(, 6' 70(%&0 70 (* 6'3(0%* 70 (% 6+0( = 70( *+*0%'0*6+'%'+? P' ( 50&0'%(, (% 6'7+7% %$7++;% . .&*0.$0&.+% 70( '%3%


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6'3(0% 4$0 6(%&0% 0( 0.0* 70 '$+7, (% .%6%.+7%7 %$7++;% 70 (% 60'*&%.&+&$%'> 700'+'>&7*0, 9%*% ((05%' % 0&0' 6'3(0%* 6%'% 700.%' (* *&+7*

70 & >* 3%


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/. Tipos )e controles" )e in$enier!% 0 %)inistr%tio

Me)i)%s Or$%ni6%ti%s

E* +6'%&0 +&7+.%' 4$0 0( &+;0( 7+%'+ 04$+;%(0&0 70 6'0*+/& *&'% 4$0 '0.+30 $&'%3%


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R0*$(% 0;+70&0 4$0 *0 .&'+3$+'@% % 7+*+&$+' (% 06*+.+/& 70 '$+7 '0.+3+7% *+ (*'%3% %.0'.%' (* .&.++0&* &0.0*%'+* 6%'%700.%' 0( '+0*5 = *%30' %6(+.%' (%* 07+7%* 6'0;0&+;%* +6'0*.+&7+3(0* 6%'% '07$.+' +&++%' (%* .&*0.$0&.+%* *$'+7%*?E& 0*0 %6%'%7 9%3'> 4$0 9%.0' 0*60.+%( 9+&.%6+ 0& (% '%.+/& 0 +&'%.+/&4$0 *0 (0* 6'6'.+&0 % (* 70&+&%7* '%3%


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L* 6'0.'0* %$7++;* *& 04$+6* 70 6'0..+/& +&7+;+7$%( 4$0, 703+7 % *$*6'6+07%70* 6%'% (% %0&$%.+/& 70 *&+7, '07$.0& (* 00.* 70( '$+7 0& (%

%$7+.+/&, 6%'% 0;+%' %*@ $& 7%8 0& 0( @7? L* 6'0.'0* 70 (* @7* '07$.0& 0('$+7 3*%.$(+%&7 *$ '%=0.'+% 70*70 (% $0&0 9%*% 0( .%&%( %$7++;

OREERA-

L%* '0*+. 4$0 *$


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3(%&7 4$0 0( $*$%'+ %7%6% % *$ .%&%( %$7++; 70 7 4$0 '0 $&% 3%''0'%%.*+.%? L* %6&0* % (% 07+7% *0 %3'+.%& +&7+;+7$%(0&0 6%'% 4$0 0&.%.+.%* 70 +&0'* 0& (* %*60.* 70 $* = %&0&++0& 70(6'0.' *&:

• L* 6'0.'0* %$7++;* 7030'>& ((0;%'*0 +0&'%* 7$'0 (% 06*+.+/& %( '$+7,

*$ '0+'%7% 06'%( '07$.0 *0'+%0&0 (% 6'0..+/&? #%= 4$0 '0*%(%' (%+6'%&.+% 70( %& %(%


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II. FACTOR AMBIENTAL TERMICO

1. Descripción

L% E'5&@% 0* $&% $(+7+*.+6(+&% 4$0 6%'% 0


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F%ctores A+ient%les E5teriores

L* %.'0* %3+0&%(0* 00'+'0* *& (%* ;%'+%3(0* 4$0 70+&0& (%* .%'%.0'@*+.%*@*+.%* 70( %3+0&0 00'+' 70 $& 07++.+, 0* 70.+' 0( .(+% (.%(?

E* +6'%&0 '0.'7%' 4$0 0( 93'0 & *+0&0 (% 060'%$'% 70 (% 9%3+%.+/&, (

*+0&0 (% 6'7+7% 70 0&0'5@% 70( .$0'6? L* 6%'>0'* 4$0 7030& 07+'*0 *&%4$0((* 4$0 %0.%& (% 6'7+7% 70 0&0'5@%:

• T060'%$'% E0'+' 70( A+'0 C)• T060'%$'% 07+% '%7+%&0 C)• V0(.+7%7 70( A+'0 H*)• #$07%7 70( %+'0 P%)• T060'%$'% E0.+;%

F%ctores ,erson%les

S& (%* .%'%.0'@*+.%* 70( .$6%&0 70( 0*6%.+?

• S0• E7%7• R05$(%.+/& 70 (% T060'%$'% 70( C$0'6• M0%3(+*• T%*% 70 M0%3(+* +6 70 %.+;+7%7)• R0(%.+/& 0&'0 (% T%*% 70 M0%3(+* = (% V0*+0&%• C&*+$.+/& C'6'%(

• C&'+3$+;



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• #+*'+%( T'+.• T+06 70 P0'%&0&.+%•

E60.%+;%* 70 C&'• V0*+0&%• C&%. V+*$%( .& 0( E0'+'

,%r7etros A+ient%les Interiores

• T060'%$'% I&0'+' 70( A+'0• #$07%7 R0(%+;%• T060'%$'% R%7+%&0•

V0(.+7%7 70( A+'0

,%r7etros Ar*uitectónicos

E** *0 '0+0'0& % (%* .%'%.0'@*+.%* 70( 07++. 4$0 +&($=0& 0& (% 60'.06.+/& 70(%3+0&0 '+. 6' 0( $*$%'+ = 4$0 7++.>&7(*, *0 6$070 ((05%' % .%3+%' 0(+.'.(+% 4$0 '70% %( .$6%&0?


&. E'eplos

(. Enfere)%)es *ue oc%sion% el f%ctor t4rico

Estrés térmico: S0 6$070 6'7$.+' 0( '+0*5 *0 0*'* '+. 6' .%(' 0& (*%3+0&0* . 060'%$'% 70( %+'0 %(% &%* 70 .(+% .%($'*, ;0'%&), '%7+%.+/&'+.% 0(0;%7% $&7+.+&0*, %.0'@%*, >3'+.%* 70 (%7'+(( = 70 .0'>+.%, 6(%&%* 70.00&, 9'&*, 6%&%70'@%*, 0.?), %(* &+;0(0* 70 9$07%7 +&%*, (%;%&70'@%*,>3'+.%* 70 .&*0';%*, 0.?), 0& ($5%'0* 7&70 *0 '0%(+% $&% %.+;+7%7 +&0&*% 7&70 0* &0.0*%'+ ((0;%' 60&7'%* 70 6'0..+/& 4$0 +6+70& (% 0;%6'%.+/& 70(*$7'?

E( '+0*5 70 0*'* 6' '+ 6$070 7%'*0 0& %%70'*, +&7$*'+%*, %5'%(+0&%'+%*,+&7$*'+% %'%.$+.%, 0.?

E& '%3%


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T%3+& (% 06*+.+/& % .&7+.+&0* '+.%* 0'0%* 6&7'> 0& %'.9% 7* (*0.%&+** 70 ( 4$0 7+*6&0 0( .$0'6 9$%& 6%'% '05$(%' 0( 70*04$+(+3'+6'7$.+7, = 7 0(( .& 0( 3 %&0&0' 70 %&0'% .&*%&0 (% 060'%$'% +&0'&%? A 6%'+' 70 0*0 0&, 0( '5%&+* 67'> *$'+' .+0'* '%*'&*, =% *0%&703+7* % (% 6'7+7% 70 .%(' 0*'* 6' '+) 3+0& % (% 5%&%&.+% 70 *0 0*'* 6' .%(')?

L* '%*'&* 6';.%7* 6' *+$%.+&0* 70 06*+.+/& % &+;0(0* 0(0;%7* 70060'%$'% *0 6$070& .(%*++.%' 0& '0* +6* 70 %(0'%.+&0*:

1? A(0'%.+&0* *+*0>+.%*: 5(60 70 .%(', %5%+0& 6' .%(' *+&.60 70 .%('),70*9+7'%%.+/&, 7+.+ 70 *%(0*, .%(%3'0* 6' .%(' = *$7'%.+/& +&*$+.+0&0?

2? A(0'%.+&0* .$>&0%*: 0'$6.+/& 6' .%('?



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ERGONOMIA AMBIENTAL

? T'%*'&* 6*@4$+.*: %+5% .'/&+.% (0;0 6' .%(', 6'7+7% %5$7% 70( .&'(0.+&%(?

,l%n )e control )e estr4s t4rico

S+ $& '%3%.+. +6(00&%' (* .&'(0* 70+&50&+0'@%, 0( 06(0%7' 7030 6'6'.+&%' .&'(0* %7+&+*'%+;* %( . $&.+.( %70.$%7 70 '%3%* 6'00'+7% = 0+.% 70 '07$.+' (% +&.+70&.+%70 06*+.+/& 0.0*+;% %( .%('? E** *& %(5$&* 0


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ERGONOMIA AMBIENTAL

Controles %)inistr%tios

S+ & 0* 6*+3(0 +6(00&%' .&'(0* 70 +&50&+0'@% X ( 4$0 % 0&$7 *$.070.$%&7 0( '%3%


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6$070 *0' &0.0*%'+ $*%' '6% 0*60.+%( 70 6'0..+/& .&'% 0( .%('? E*0 +6 70'6% 6'0.'% 6$070 $*%'*0 %3+& 0& %3+0&0* 70'%7%0&0 .%($'** .& 0(

+& 70 '%3%* (%'5*? E* 6'0.+* +70&++.%' %70.$%7%0&0 7%* (%*$0&0* 70 .%(' 6%'% 670' 700'+&%' .$>( +6 70 '6% 0*60.+%(, *+ 0* 4$0 *0&0.0*+%, *0'> %70.$%7% 6%'% '07$.+'0( 0*'* '+.? E*0 +6 70 '6% 7030 *0' $*%7 */( 6' '%3% ;+3'%&7, . *$0(0 .$''+' 0& 7%* (%* '%* 70'%&*6'0 = 0& (%* %.+;+7%70* 0& 4$0 (* '%3%


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E& %4$0((* .%** 0& 4$0 (* '%3%* '0.+0&0* 70 4$0 *0 7+*6&5% % &+;0( &%.+&%( 0+&0'&%.+&%(?

L%s i+r%ciones se cl%sific%n se$:n"

-L% 6%'0 70( .$0'6 % (% 4$0 %0.%&: V+3'%.+&0* 5(3%(0*: %0.%& %( .$0'6 0& *$%(+7%7? V+3'%.+&0* 6%'.+%(0*: %0.%& % 6%'0* 70( .$0'6? L%* >* .&.+7%* *&(%* ;+3'%.+&0* %&-3'%?

-S$* .%'%.0'@*+.%* @*+.%*: V+3'%.+&0* (+3'0*, 60'+/7+.%* *+&$*+7%(0*: *0 7%&.$%&7 0+*0& $0'%* 00'&%* 4$0 7++.%& (% %6(+$7 70 (%* *$.0*+;%* &7%*?

V+3'%.+&0* & 60'+/7+.%*: *& 0&/0&* '%&*+'+* 5(60*, .94$0*, 0.) 0& (*4$0 *0 6'7$.0 $&% 70*.%'5% 70 0&0'5@% 0& $& .' 60'@7 70 +06?

V+3'%.+&0* %(0%'+%*: S0 7%& .$%&7 0( ;++0& 70 (%* 6%'@.$(%* 0* +''05$(%',703+0&7 70*.'+3+'*0 % 6%'+' 70 $&.+&0* 0*%7@*+.%*?

-S$ '+50&: V+3'%.+&0* 6'7$.+7%* 0& 6'.0** 70 '%&*'%.+/&: L%* +&0'%..+&0*6'7$.+7%* 0&'0 (%* 6+0%* 70 (% %4$+&%'+% = (* 0(00&* 4$0 ;%& % *0' '%&*'%7*, 50&0'%& .94$0* '060+7* 4$0 *0 '%7$.0& 0& ;+3'%.+&0* %0'+%(0*= 0*'$.$'%*, *$ '%&*+*+/& *0 00.$%'> 7+'0.%0&0 % '%;* 70 07+* 706'6%5%.+/& %70.$%7*? E+.* = %(5$&%* 90''%+0&%* %&$%(0*?



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ERGONOMIA AMBIENTAL

V+3'%.+&0* 50&0'%7%* 6' 0( $&.+&%+0& 70 (% %4$+&%'+% (*%0'+%(0*: D0&' 70 0*0 5'$6 0&.&'%* (%* 6'7$.+7%* . .&*0.$0&.+% 70

$0'%* %(0'&%+;%* & 04$+(+3'%7%* . '0*, %(0'&%7'0*, +(0* 60'.$'0* =(%* 6';0&+0&0* 70 +''05$(%'+7%70* 70( 0''0& *3'0 0( 4$0 .+'.$(%& (* 07+* 70'%&*6'0?

V+3'%.+&0* 703+7%* % %((* 70 (% %4$+&%: 0* '0.$0&0* *0 6'7$.0& 6' (0'%&.+%*70 %3'+.%.+/&, 70*5%*0* 70 *$60'+.+0*, 70*04$+(+3'+* 70 0(00&* 5+'%'+*,.* *+5&++.%+;* 4$0 (%*;+3'%.+&0* 6'7$.0& 0& 0( .$0'6 9$%& *& 70( +6 ;%*.$(%', *0$*.$(%' =&0$'(/5+.?


Nor% le$%l

O'5%&+%.+/& +&0'&%.+&%( 70( '%3%


33/46

ERGONOMIA AMBIENTAL

.6'+** 70( E*%7 60'$%& .& '0*60. % (%* &'%* +&0'&%.+&%(0* 4$00*%3(0.0& (% &%$'%(0% 6'+'+%'+% 70( 70'0.9 % (% *05$'+7%7 = % (% *%($7 0& 0(

'%3%&7*0 0& 0*60.+%( 0& (%6%'0 I, %'@.$( , +&.+* 3) (% *05$'+7%7 0 9+5+0&0 0& 0( +*" ?

E&'0 (* %8* 11 = 21, (% O'5%&+%.+/& I&0'&%.+&%( 70( T'%3%


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ERGONOMIA AMBIENTAL

.&'( 70( '+0*5) = '0*6&7+0&7 % (% $(+6(+.+7%7 70 '+0*5* = .&7+.+&0* 70'%3%


35/46

ERGONOMIA AMBIENTAL

', 0*> 3(+5%7 % '06%'%'(? E*0 %'@.$( .&*%5'% $& 6'+&.+6+ 70'0*6&*%3+(+7%7 7+'0.%0&0 3


36/46

ERGONOMIA AMBIENTAL

.) T'%3%4$+&%* 70 .*0'

7) $* 70 (% *+0''% 0(.'+.%

• 8i+r%ciones )e cuerpo copleto" S& %4$0((%* ;+3'%.+&0* 4$0 *0 6'7$.0&

.$%&7 5'%& 6%'0 70( 60* 70( .$0'6 9$%& 70*.%&*% *3'0 $&% *$60'+.+0

;+3'%&0? S0 '%&*+0& 50&0'%(0&0 % '%;* 70 (* %*+0&* 70 (* 6+0*?



37/46

ERGONOMIA AMBIENTAL

• 8i+r%ciones )e %no;+r%6o" S0 '%&*+0& 6' (%* %&* 70( '%3%


38/46

ERGONOMIA AMBIENTAL

8i+r%ciones %no;+r%6o

L% '%&*+*+/& 70 (%* ;+3'%.+&0* 7060&70 70 *$* .%'%.0'@*+.%* @*+.%* +&0&*+7%7 ='0.$0&.+%), 70 (% 7+'0..+/& = 70 (% '0*6$0*% 7+&>+.% 70 (% %&? L* 00.*%7;0'** %3+& ;%& % 7060&70' 0&'0 '* %.'0* 70 (% 6'0*+/& 70 %5%''0, 70 (%$0'% 0*>+.% %6(+.%7%, 70 (% 6*$'% 70 (% 0'0+7%7 *$60'+', %*@ . 70( +0670 06*+.+/& = 70 '0.$60'%.+/&?

L* '%*'&* 67'>& *0':

T'%*'&* ;%*.$(%'0*: 0( >* .&.+7 0* 0( ((%%7 0&/0& 70 R%=&%$7 707 3(%&. +&7$.+7 6' ;+3'%.+&0*)? C&*+*0 0& $&% .($*+/& 06'%( 70 (%.+'.$(%.+/& *%&5$@&0% % (* 707*, 6';.%&7 $&% *0&*%.+/& 70 6%(+70 707

3(%&.? M+0&'%* *0 6'7$.0, 0( '%3%&+.% 70 (%* ;+3'%.+&0* *3'0 0( 7+%'%5% = 0( 60.9?



39/46

ERGONOMIA AMBIENTAL

T'%*'&* $*.$(0*4$0(+.*: 0& %(5$&* 0*$7+* *0 9% 3*0';%7 4$0 (%*;+3'%.+&0* %.+;%& %(5$&* *.$(*? E*% %.+;%.+/& 6'7$.0 ;++0&*

$*.$(%'0* 6%*+;* 0 +&;($&%'+*? T'%*'&* *0&*'+%(0* = 70( *+*0% &0';+* .0&'%(: (%* ;+3'%.+&0* 70 5'%&%6(+$7 6';.%& ( 4$0 *0 .&.0 . %( 70( ;++0& %'0 +&7$.+7 6' 0( ;++0&?

O'* 00.*: 6$070& %6%'0.0' 6'3(0%* . %$0& 70 (% '0.$0&.+% .%'7+%.%,70 (% 6'0*+/& %'0'+%( = 70( .&*$ 70 @50&? T%3+& *0 9%& 3*0';%7 .%3+*0& (* &+;0(0* 70 %(5$&%* 9'&%*, %(0* . (%* .%0.(%+&%* = (%%7'0&.'+.'/6+.%?

Efectos -u+'etios

L% 06*+.+/& % ;+3'%.+&0*, +&.($* 6' 703%70 7+*+&%* ;%'+%3(0* 0&'0 (%* 4$0 *0 0&.$0&'%& (%* .%'%.0'@*+.%* 60'*&%(0*, (%%'0% 4$0 *0 '0%(+% = (% 6'6+% ;+3'%.+/&? L% 60'.06.+/& *$3& $& ;++0& '0(%+; 0&'0 (*


40/46

ERGONOMIA AMBIENTAL

L$3%(5+%*, ($3.+>+.%*, 90'&+%*, 6+&%+0&*, 7+*.%(0*, +&.+70&.+% *3'0'%&*'&* 703+7 % ;+.+* 6*$'%(0*, *@&%* &0$'(/5+.*: ;+3'%.+/& 70( '+

.0'03'%(, %(0'%.+&0* 70( 04$+(+3'+? T'%*'&* 70 ;+*+/& 6' '0*&%&.+%?"?-

R07$.+' (%* ;+3'%.+&0* 0&'0 (%* 6+0%* 70 (%* >4$+&%* = (* 0(00&* 4$0 ;%=%& %*0' '%&*'%7*

M0


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42/46

ERGONOMIA AMBIENTAL

7) E;+%' (%* '0.$0&.+%* 70 '0*&%&.+% 0& (* 7+*+&* .6&0&0* 70 (% %4$+&%'+%= 0( 04$+6?

0) U+(+%' 0& *$* 6'7$.*, 9%*% 7&70 *0% 6'%.+.%3(0, 06$8%7$'%* %&+;+3'%'+%*, .& %''05( % (% (05+*(%.+/& = (%* '05(%0&%.+&0* &%.+&%(0*?

E& 0( 0& 70 .6'%' 04$+6 = ;09@.$(* +&7$*'+%(0*, (* 06(0%7'0* 7030'@%&;0'++.%' 4$0 (* &+;0(0* 70 ;+3'%.+/& % 4$0 *0 06&7'>& (* $*$%'+* *0%& .&'0*.& (%* &'%* &%.+&%(0* 0& (% %0'+%, = 4$0 0& 7 .%* & *$6&5%& $&%*+$%.+/& 70 60(+5' $& '+0*5 *+5&++.%+; 6%'% (% *05$'+7%7 = *%($7 70 (*'%3%*+.* 6%'% '07$.+' (% 06*+.+/& % (%* ;+3'%.+&0* 50&0'%7%* 6'

90''%+0&%*, 7030'@%& *0' (* *+5$+0&0*:

%) L% 06$8%7$'% 7030'@% 670' %*+'*0 70 (% %&0'% >* 7+*0&7+7% 6*+3(0?3) L%* 90''%+0&%* 60*%7%* 7030'@%& '06*%' *3'0 6$&* 70 %6= 6%'%

60'++' $&% %&+6$(%.+/& >* '0(%4$+&%*= 90''%+0&%*? C$%&7 (* '%3%4$+&%*$0&0 70 ;+3'%.+&0* 7030'@%& *0' &%7%* *3'0 7+*6*++;* %+*(%&0* *6'0*%&+;+3'%'+*), *+5$+0&7 (%* +&*'$..+&0* 70( %3'+.%&0 6%'% *$ .''0.% +&*%(%.+/&

'% %(0'&%+;% .&*+*0 0& '0;+*%' 0( 7+*08 = (% %3'+.%.+/& 70 0*%* >4$+&%*



43/46

ERGONOMIA AMBIENTAL

0&.%'5%' *$ 7++.%.+/& *05& &'%* +&0'&%.+&%(0* '0.&.+7%* 0& %0'+% 70+&*%(%.+&0* = 04$+6*?

L% %4$+&%'+% = (%* 90''%+0&%* 4$0 ;+3'0& 7030'@%& *0' '0;+*%7%* 60'+/7+.%0&0,7%7 4$0 (* '7%+0&* 5%*%7*, (% 70*%(+&0%.+/& 70 (* 0& %0.%7* =% 6' 0( *@&7'0 70 R%=&%$7, 70 '+50& &

6'0*+&%(, 0( *@&7'0 .&.+7 . \;+3'%.+/& 70 707 3(%&.] 6'7$.+7 6' $& '%3%


44/46


45/46

ERGONOMIA AMBIENTAL

+&.+.% &%.+&%(0* 7030'@%& 6'0;0' $& '0.$'*?

Me)i)%s preenti%s )e in$enier!%

D+*+&$+' 0( +06 70 06*+.+/&

E*%3(0.0' $& *+*0% 70 '%.+/& 70 ($5%'0* 70 '%3%


46/46

ERGONOMIA AMBIENTAL

• T+6B+&

• D+*6&+3+(+7%7VIGENTE

• F%3'+.%.+/&I&=0..+/& 7+'0.% %( .'0

• M%0'+%(C$0' 0&5'%*%7

• C('N05'

• F''P$&% 0& *6(+ 5%$%7

• F$0((0I&05'%7 %( %6%'%7

•

T3+((0'%A.(.9%7% .& 0*6$% 70 %(% 70&*+7%7• C*$'%*D3(0* = '+6(0* .& 9+( N=(& T-2 +6$'0*.+3(0

• C&'%$0'0T0''%7 70 1? 70 0*60*'

• P(%&+((% +&0'+'I&0'.%3+%3(0, S C(%**+. PI 11

• P(%&+((% 70 %'%'M%0'+%( & 0

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