ecap ii_mcap ii user's guide

UG-1065 MCap II / eCap II

Users Guide

March 2010

Copyright 2009 by QEI Inc. UG-1065 e/MCAP II User Guide ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

NOTICE

The information in this document has been carefully checked and is believed to be accurate. However, no responsibility is assumed or implied for inaccuracies. Further more, QEI, INC., reserves the right to make changes to any products herein described to improve reliability, function or design. QEI, Inc. does not assume liability arising from the application or use of any product or circuit described herein; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others.

This manual and all data contained herein, constitute proprietary information of QEI, Inc. It shall not be reproduced, copied or disclosed to others, or used as the basis for manufacture without written consent of QEI, Inc.

QEI Inc. 60 Fadem Road Springfield, NJ 07081 Phone: (973) 379-7400 Fax: (973) 379-2138 Web Site: www.qeiinc.com

UG-1065 MCap II / eCap II Users Guide

Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc. Revisions i

Revisions Revision Description Date

A Initial Release March 2009

B Updated e-CAP Profile, added Modbus July 2009

C Added Temp Band and DOW Time Override Mar 2010


Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc. Contents i

Contents 1. Introduction ..............................................................................1

1.1. What this Manual Covers ....................................................... 1 1.2. Overview ................................................................................ 1 1.3. Model Differences .................................................................. 1 1.4. Definitions .............................................................................. 5 1.5. Specifications ......................................................................... 7

1.5.1. Size ......................................................................... 7 1.5.2. Optional Temperature Sensor Range .................... 7 1.5.3. Line Current Sensor Input ...................................... 7 1.5.4. Capacitor Switch Relays ......................................... 7 1.5.5. Supply Voltage ........................................................ 7 1.5.6. Line Frequency ....................................................... 7 1.5.7. RMS Value Measurement ...................................... 7 1.5.8. Power Consumption ............................................... 7 1.5.9. Historical Data Storage ........................................... 7 1.5.10. Environment ............................................................ 7 1.5.11. Enclosure ................................................................ 8 1.5.12. Switching Strategies ............................................... 8 1.5.13. Optional Neutral Detection ..................................... 8 1.5.14. Maintenance Port .................................................... 8 1.5.15. SCADA Comm Port / Radio Power (eCAP II) ........ 8 1.5.16. Mounting Configurations ......................................... 8

2. Installation ................................................................................9 2.1. Making Connections .............................................................. 9 2.2. Grounding ............................................................................ 10 2.3. 4-Wire System Installation ................................................... 11 2.4. 3-Wire System Installation ................................................... 13 2.5. Current Measurements ........................................................ 15 2.6. Current Sensor Placement .................................................. 16 2.7. Meter Socket Mounting ........................................................ 16 2.8. Pole Mounting ...................................................................... 17 2.9. Terminal Strip Mounting ....................................................... 18 2.10. Environmental Considerations ............................................. 19

3. Controls and Indicators .........................................................20 3.1. Front Panel Layout ............................................................... 20 3.1. LCD Display Screen ............................................................. 21 3.2. MODIFY/SELECT Switches ................................................. 21

3.2.1. SELECT Switches (MENU/ITEM, RIGHT/LEFT) 21 3.2.2. MODIFY Switches (X10 / 10 and UP/DOWN) . 22

3.3. AUTO/MANUAL Switch ....................................................... 22 3.4. OPEN/CLOSE Switch .......................................................... 23 3.5. YELLOW LED (Remote/Auto/Manual/Lockout) Indicator.... 23 3.6. Red LED (Close) Indicator ................................................... 24

MCap II / eCap II Users Guide UG-1065

ii Contents Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc.

3.7. Green LED (Open) Indicator ................................................ 24 3.8. USB Connector .................................................................... 24 3.9. Fuses.................................................................................... 24 3.10. Test Points: Voltage, Current, Neutral ................................. 24 3.11. TX and RX LEDs (eCAP II Models) ..................................... 25 3.12. Clock .................................................................................... 25

4. MANUAL, AUTO, and Remote Modes ...................................25 4.1. MANUAL Mode .................................................................... 25 4.2. AUTO Mode ......................................................................... 27 4.3. REMOTE Mode (eCAP II Models) ....................................... 28

5. Programming ..........................................................................28 5.1. Programming a STD Model ................................................. 28 5.2. Programming an EXT Model ............................................... 28

6. Switching Strategies ..............................................................29 7. Strategy Types ........................................................................30 8. Overrides .................................................................................31

8.1. Voltage Override .................................................................. 31 8.1.1. DeltaV and Learn Mode ................................................... 31 8.2. Emergency Voltage Override ............................................... 34 8.3. DOW (Day-of-Week) Override ............................................. 34 8.4. Holiday Override .................................................................. 34 8.5. Anti-Hunt .............................................................................. 34 8.6. Max Daily Ops ...................................................................... 36 8.7. Neutral Current, Neutral Voltage Override .......................... 36

8.7.1. Final Lockout Open ................................................. 37 8.7.2. Neutral Voltage ....................................................... 37

8.8. Reverse Power ..................................................................... 37 8.9. Minimum Current .................................................................. 38

9. Hardware Configuration.........................................................38 9.1. Voltage Constants ................................................................ 38 9.2. Switching Delta Voltage ....................................................... 38 9.3. Current Sensing ................................................................... 38 9.4. Switching Error Check ......................................................... 40 9.5. Accumulation Scale Factors ................................................ 40 9.6. Power Direction .................................................................... 40 9.7. Timing Parameters ............................................................... 40

9.7.1. Transient Delays ................................................... 40 9.7.2. Cap Discharge Delay ............................................ 41 9.7.3. Walk Away Time ................................................... 41 9.7.4. Switch Drive Time ................................................. 41 9.7.5. Random Startup Delay ......................................... 41

10. LCD Display Menu Organization ...........................................41 10.1. Main Menu 01> thru 11> : Live Values ........................... 42 10.2. Main Menu 12> General: General Configuration .............. 43 10.3. Main Menu 13> Strategies: When to Switch ...................... 44 10.4. Main Menus 14> thru 21> : Overrides ........................... 45 10.5. Main Menus 22> thru 27> : Hardware Config ............... 48


Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc. Contents iii

10.6. Main Menus 28> thru 31> : Timing Params .................. 50 10.7. Main Menu 32> thru 35>: Unit ID, Date/Time, SCADA .. 51

11. SCADA (eCAP II Models) ........................................................52 11.1. SCADA Protocol................................................................... 52 11.2. SCADA Address .................................................................. 52 11.3. SCADA Comm. Port Baud Rate .......................................... 52 11.4. RTS Delay Time ................................................................... 52 11.5. RTS Hold Time .................................................................... 52 11.6. CTS Enable .......................................................................... 52 11.7. DCD Enable ......................................................................... 53 11.8. Remote-Auto Timeout .......................................................... 53 11.9. SCADA Voltage Override ..................................................... 53 11.10. SCADA Monitor (eCAP EXT Models) ............................... 53 11.11. SCADA Point Filtering ....................................................... 53 11.12. SCADA Voltage Override .................................................. 54 11.13. SCADA Radio Installation ................................................. 55 11.14. DNP3 Device Profile w/Point List ...................................... 56 11.15. QUICS IV eCap2 Protocol Profile Document ................... 71 11.16. Modbus eCAP2 Protocol Profile Document ..................... 77

12. SmartWare II ...........................................................................85 12.1. Switching Strategies ............................................................ 86 12.2. Seasonal Overrides ............................................................. 86 12.3. Global Overrides .................................................................. 87 12.4. Basic Operation.................................................................... 89 12.5. Data Entry ............................................................................ 89 12.6. Data Restore ........................................................................ 89 12.7. Voltage Limits ....................................................................... 90 12.8. Creating a Controller Configuration ..................................... 92 12.9. SmartView Display ............................................................... 94 12.10. Historical Data ................................................................... 95 12.11. Trend Parameters ............................................................. 95 12.12. Event Log .......................................................................... 96 12.13. Trend Table ....................................................................... 97 12.14. Smart Trend ...................................................................... 98 12.15. Maintenance ...................................................................... 99

12.15.1. Calibration ........................................................ 99 12.15.2. Setting Time and Date ................................... 100 12.15.3. Reset .............................................................. 100 12.15.4. Flashload ....................................................... 100

12.16. Limited (LTD) Version ..................................................... 102 12.17. SmartWare II Quick Reference ....................................... 103

13. Ordering Information ............................................................106


Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc. Introduction 1

1. Introduction 1.1. What this Manual Covers

This manual covers the QEI MCAP II and eCAP II Capacitor Bank Control. It is subject to change depending on the firmware version installed. A later user guide may be available on the QEI website at www.qeiinc.com. Please consult QEI customer service (973-379-7400 or [email protected]). The firmware version can be determined as follows: Extended Models: it appears on the LCD display, when the controllers AUTO/MANUAL switch is set from AUTO to MANUAL. Standard Models (no display): the firmware version is read and displayed by the SmartWare software.

1.2. Overview

The QEI, Inc. MCAP II and eCAP II capacitor bank controls are designed to automatically switch a capacitor bank on-line (CLOSED) or trip the bank off-line (OPEN), depending on conditions.

Bank switching can be accomplished based on Voltage, kVAr, kW, Current, PF (Power Factor), Time, Date, Season, Day-of-Week, Holiday, or Temperature (option).

In the control, switching is accomplished by comparing the monitored and calculated values against a user configured set of limits, called the Switching Strategy.

Note: current based measurements and switching operations require a Line Post Sensor or CT (neither is provided).

Historical measurement data is stored in non-volatile (Flash) memory. Up to 196 days of data (e.g., voltage, kVAr, temperature, etc.) at 15 minute sampling intervals may be stored. Other faster sampling intervals are available. A separate operations log is provided, with a time tagged history of bank operations and other events. Enough information is saved so that a complete operating history is available.

1.3. Model Differences

MCAP II models are designed for stand-alone local automatic applications. They are housed in an 8 high x 8 wide x 4 deep enclosure.

eCAP II models are designed for both stand-alone local automatic and remote monitored (SCADA-type) applications. These models can support remote communications via data radios, etc. They are housed in a 12 high x 10 wide x 6 deep enclosure, which facilitates mounting of communications equipment by the end user. Support for various communications protocols (such as DNP3.0 or QUICS) is provided. The eCAP II also includes a +12Vdc 2.5A power supply and RS-232 serial port (special DB9 and DB25 cables included) for radio support, and front panel TX/RX LEDs to indicate radio communications activity.

Extended (EXT) models have a two line LCD Display and four extra toggle switches for changing configuration and viewing measurements without a laptop.


2 Introduction Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc.

This may be useful when working at the utility pole, or in situations where it may not be desirable to carry a laptop. The Extended models can also be configured via a USB link to a typical laptop computer (or other PC), running QEIs SmartWare II software. SmartWare II can be used to save configuration information for later use, such as when it is desired to quickly program many controls. The software is also used to retrieve and examine historical data stored by the controls. Data from multiple controls can be saved and viewed.

Standard (STD) models are identical in basic functionality, except they lack the LCD display and extra toggle switches, and therefore require a laptop and the Smartware II software exclusively for configuration and viewing of measurements.

Extended Limited (EXT LTD) and Standard Limited (STD LTD) models are also available. These simpler models switch the cap bank based on Voltage, Time, and Temperature only (individually or in combination).

All Models

All models include an AUTO/MANUAL switch, and an OPEN/CLOSE switch (for use with MANUAL mode). There are also three front panel test jacks provided (Voltage, Current, Neutral) which can be used to measure the actual line voltage and line post current sensor output, using an RMS voltmeter.

Two front panel mounted fuse holders are provided: one for the microprocessor board (LOGIC) and the other for the output relays (LOAD).

A panel mounted USB (type B) connector allows all models to be connected to a Windows (XP / Vista) compatible computer (using a standard A-B type USB cable) for configuration. QEIs SmartWare II software, installed on the computer, is used for editing and saving all of the configuration settings, as well as for historical data retrieval, and viewing measurements.

Internal timers and logic in the control provide safety for users and equipment. For example, some internal timers allow the user to initiate local bank operations and leave the vicinity of the control before the switching operation occurs. Other internal timers prevent excessive bank operations in automatic mode, which may be caused by rapidly changing loads, influence by adjacent cap banks, incorrect settings, etc.

Major feature differences between models are shown in the following table:



DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MODELS

FEATURES MCAP II STD

MCAP II EXT

MCAP II STD LTD

MCAP II EXT LTD

eCAP II STD

eCAP II EXT

eCAP II STD LTD

eCAP II EXT LTD

Two Line LCD Display X X X X

Four Configuration Switches X X X X

Last Op Open/Close LEDs X X X X X X X X

Auto/Remote/Manual LED X X X X X X X X

Auto/Manual Switch X X X X X X X X

Manual Close/Open Switch X X X X X X X X

USB Maintenance Port X X X X X X X X

Curr, Volt, Neut. Test Jacks X X X X X X X X

Optional Temperature Sensor X X X X X X X X

CT or LPS Curr Input Option X X X X X X X X

Neutral Curr/Volt Detection X X X X

SCADA / Radio Support X X X X

Front Panel TX/RX Leds X X X X

Mtg. Option: Meter Base X X X X X X X X

Mtg. Option: 7-Pin Circ Conn X X X X X X X X

Mtg. Option: Terminal Strip X X X X X X X X

Switching Strategies:

Time X X X X X X X X

No. of Daily Time Periods 3 3 1 1 3 3 1 1

Unscheduled Times 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Temp (Opt Sensor reqd) X X X X X X X X

Voltage X X X X X X X X

kVAr X X X X

kW X X X X

Current X X X X

PF X X X X

Bank Always Open X X X X X X X X

Bank Always Closed X X X X X X X X

No Operation X X X X X X X X

Seasons X X X X

Reverse Power X X X X

Holidays X X X X



FEATURES (CONTD.) MCAP II STD MCAP II EXT

MCAP II STD LTD

MCAP II EXT LTD

eCAP II STD

eCAP II EXT

eCAP II STD LTD

eCAP II EXT LTD

Measurements/Calcs:

Voltage X X X X X X X X

Current X X X X X X X X

kVAr X X X X X X X X

kW X X X X X X X X

kVA X X X X X X X X

Voltage (Cor) X X X X X X X X

PF X X X X X X X X

Phase Deg. X X X X X X X X

Temperature X X X X X X X X

Neutral Curr/Voltage X X X X



1.4. Definitions

Below is a list of special terms that are used throughout this users guide:

MCAP II, eCAP II, e/MCAP II Cap Bank Controller, Controller, Control, Unit. All these terms are interchangeable for the QEI MCAP II and eCAP II controls.

EXT. Short for Extended models. These models have a two-line LCD display, and four extra front panel switches. Together, the display and switches allow for configuration changes and display of measurements in the field without need for a laptop.

STD. Short for Standard models. These models lack the LCD Display and four extra switches for configuration changes and display of measurements. STD models require SmartWare II for configuration and display of measurements.

Main Menus, Main Menu Options, Main Menu Selections, Menus. These terms refer to the top level displays associated with configuring or reading data from the control. There are 34 main menu options. Press the MENU switch as many times as necessary to reach the numbered displays (any display numbered 01> thru 34>). These are the Main Menu options. Then use the LEFT and RIGHT switches to move from one Main Menu Selection to the next.

Sub-Menus. These are displays, which are available underneath each Main Menu Selection. Each of the sub-menus contains information related to the specific Main Menu Selection. Sub-menus may contain configuration settings, or may display measured values. From any Main Menu Selection, use the ITEM switch as many times as necessary to navigate down to the desired sub-menu. There may be several sub-menus for each Main Menu selection. The symbol >> on a sub-menu indicates that there is yet another sub-menu selection available underneath the present one.

To navigate back to the Main Menus from any sub-menu, press the MENU switch as many times as needed.

Switching Strategy. This is the set of switching conditions that can be programmed into the controller to determine when switching of the cap bank should occur.

SmartWare II. This is a PC-based program that is used to configure the controls and view measurements, calculations, etc.

LPCS, LPS, Line Post Current Sensor, Line Post Sensor. These terms refer to the Current-to-Voltage sensor used to measure the Primary Phase Current when kVAr, kW, Curr, PF readings/switching are desired (see ordering information).

CT, Phase Current CT. These terms refer to the Phase Current Transformer used to measure the Primary Phase Current when kVAr, kW, Curr, PF readings/switching are desired (see ordering information).



Neutral CT. Refers a current transformer used for neutral current detection in a 4-wire Wye system.

Neutral PT. Refers to a voltage transformer used for neutral voltage detection in a 3-Wire Delta system.



1.5. Specifications

1.5.1. Size

MCAP II: 8 High x 8 Wide x 4 Deep

eCAP II: 12 High x 10 Wide x 6 Deep

1.5.2. Optional Temperature Sensor Range

0 Deg. F to 140 Deg. F (-15 Deg. C to 60 Deg. C)

1.5.3. Line Current Sensor Input

Line Post Sensor Models: Max Input = 25 Vrms.

Current Transformer (CT) Models: Max input = 5 Amps.

Note: Connecting a CT to a Line Post Sensor Model may cause damage to the controller.

1.5.4. Capacitor Switch Relays

Electro-mechanical relays rated at 20 amps continuous duty at 240 VAC.

1.5.5. Supply Voltage

120 VAC or 240 VAC. The supply voltage is also used to sense the line voltage.

1.5.6. Line Frequency

50 Hz or 60 Hz

1.5.7. RMS Value Measurement

True RMS values are calculated through rapid and simultaneous voltage and current sampling.

1.5.8. Power Consumption

6-8 VA

1.5.9. Historical Data Storage

The average of all electrical parameters is saved on a 2-minute interval (26 days), 5-minute interval (65 days), or 15-minute interval (196 days).

1.5.10. Environment

-40 Deg. F to 149 Deg. F (-40 Deg. C to 65 Deg. C) Temperature; 95% Humidity (non-condensing)



1.5.11. Enclosure

NEMA 4X rated, weatherproof outdoor type.

1.5.12. Switching Strategies

Capacitor bank can be switched on Voltage, current, kVAr, Watts, PF, temperature, time/date, holidays, day-of-week.

1.5.13. Optional Neutral Detection

Neutral detection is available on certain models. See ordering information for further details.

Neutral Current: from CT. Max control input = 5 Amps. Maximum measureable Neutral Current determined by CT ratio (XXX:5A).

Neutral Voltage: from PT. Max control input = 150VAC. Maximum neutral voltage dependent upon PT ratio.

1.5.14. Maintenance Port

Front Panel USB port.

1.5.15. SCADA Comm Port / Radio Power (eCAP II)

Isolated RS232 Port w/ support for handshaking.

Baud rate: programmable from 1200 to 115.2 kbps (default = 9600)

Protocols: DNP3.0, QUICS.

[email protected] power supply.

Special DB9 and DB25 cables included.

1.5.16. Mounting Configurations

Meter Socket or Surface Mount.


Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc. Installation 9

2. Installation 2.1. Making Connections

The diagram below shows how to connect the capacitor control to the capacitor bank switches, the 120VAC transformer and the line post current sensor. The 120VAC transformer furnishes the power to the capacitor control and also serves as the voltage sensor for the control.

C = Close, O = Open, N = Neutral, L = Line, G = Green, W = White, B = Black, CSH = Phase Current Sensor High Signal, NSH = Neutral Current Sensor High Signal. Connect the low side of the sensor signals to Neutral in the junction box. Note: sensor wiring colors may differ from that shown below. Always consult the sensor manufacturers installation guides for further information. In any event, the sensors high side should be wired to the B connections shown below.


10 Installation Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc.

2.2. Grounding

Proper grounding is critical when wiring a QEI capacitor control. The neutral of all elements (the capacitor switches, the 120VAC transformer, and the Line Post Sensor) should be connected to a common point in a junction box on the pole near the top of the pole. A separate ground wire should run down the pole to a ground rod driven into the soil at the base of the pole. The earth ground must not be connected at or through the capacitor control. The diagram on the next page illustrates the correct method of connecting the capacitor control and grounding. See previous section 2.1, as well as the 4-wire and 3-wire installation pictorials on the following pages for the correct method of connecting the capacitor control and grounding up in the junction box.



2.3. 4-Wire System Installation

The installation block diagram for a 4-Wire system is shown below. Please note the following installation guidelines for proper installation of the MCAP II capacitor control units on a 4-Wire system.

The placement of the LPS (Line Post Sensor) must be located in between the Source and Capacitor Bank for proper electrical VAR sensing.

All components must be star grounded at the Neutral Support Point shown in the 4-Wire System Installation Pictorial Diagram below.

Voltage and Current signals should come from the same phase on a 4-Wire System in order for the cap control to indicate correct electrical value readings. If this is an inconvenience, please consult the factory for recommendations.

4-Wire System Block Diagram



4-Wire Installation Pictorial



2.4. 3-Wire System Installation

The installation block diagram for a 3-Wire system is shown below. Please note the following installation guidelines for the e/MCAP II capacitor control units on a 3-Wire system :

The placement of the LPCS (Line Post Current Sensor) should be located in between the Source and Capacitor Bank for proper electrical VAR sensing.

It is recommended that the customer place the LPCS on the untapped phase. This LPCS setup allows the customer to use a known phase shift (90o) of the current and voltage signals without knowledge of the rotation of the system. The customer may use either of the tapped phases if the rotation of the system is known. This will only apply to customers using current sensors. For example, if supply voltage on the control were applied from A Phase and B Phase, the customer would place the LPCS on the C Phase.

3-Wire System Block Diagram



3-Wire Installation Pictorial



2.5. Current Measurements

Phase current measurements are made using either a LPS (Line Post Sensor) or a CT (Current Transformer).

The line post sensor converts the measured primary phase current to a low level secondary voltage signal. The usual ratio is 60 Amps input = 1 Volt output.

The CT converts the primary phase current to a lower level secondary current. The usual secondary is 5 Amps. The primary to secondary ratio is chosen by the user, for example, 150:5 Amps, 200:5 Amps, 300:5 Amps, etc.

Different MCap II and eCap II models are available for either a line post sensor input, or a CT input.

Line Post Sensor Models:

QEI recommends a Lindsey Multicore Line Post Sensor for use with the QEI MCap II and eCAP II controls. The controls will also accommodate Lindsey TrueCT Line Post Sensor or Fisher-Pierce Series 1301 and 1701 Line Post Sensors. Other types can be accommodated as necessary. Please contact the factory.

Line Post Sensors will have an input/output ratio of 60 amps/1 volt. Line Post Sensor models can accommodate up to 24Vrms on the phase current (CSH) measurement input. This would allow up to 1440 Amps (60 x 24) of primary phase current to be measured.

CT Models:

CT models can accommodate up to 5 Amps on the phase current (CSH) measurement input.

NOTE: Please indicate whether the desired model should have a CT input (0-5 Amps) or a current-to-voltage type LPS input (0-24VAC) when ordering. It is absolutely necessary that the customer indicate which one will be used. Using the wrong type of sensor for the specific model of control may cause damage to the unit.

WARNING: Do not connect a CT to a unit labeled with a LPS (Line Post Sensor) Sticker. Also, a Line Post Sensor cannot be connected to a unit with a CT sticker. Failure to follow the units markings may also result in unit damage.

WARNING: Current Transformers can have very high voltages present on the un-terminated secondary. CT secondaries should be shorted prior to disconnection from any system. When disconnecting CTs, make certain that your companys shorting procedures are followed prior to disconnection. Failure to follow this may result in damage to the unit and/or personal injury or death.



2.6. Current Sensor Placement

It is very important to pay attention to the placement of the LPS or CT in the cap bank system. Incorrect placement of the sensor can result in inaccurate kVAr readings.

The sensor must be located in between the source and the cap bank. The cap bank must be located before the loads.

Also, in a 4-wire Wye system, the current sensor must be placed on the same phase as the service transformer feeding the cap control.

In a 3-wire Delta system, the sensor should be placed on the untapped phase (for example, if the service transformer primary is across A-B, place the current sensor on phase C, and subtract 90 degrees from the phase shift.

2.7. Meter Socket Mounting

Meter Socket mounted units are available in 9 socket configurations as shown in the figure below. Inspect the capacitor control unit and verify that the unit matches the available socket. Configurations shown below are as viewed looking into the meter socket on the pole. Consult ordering information and the sticker on the inside of the unit cover. Note that options A, C, D, E, and F do not support neutral current/voltage detection. CSH = Phase Current Sensor High, CSL = Phase Current Sensor Low, NSH = Neutral Detection Sensor High, NSL = Neutral Detection Sensor Low.



Units should be secured in place with a locking collar to prevent the capacitor control from being removed from its socket by unauthorized personnel. Note: Meter bases A,C,D,E and F do not support neutral imbalance detection.

2.8. Pole Mounting Pole mount units are fastened to a flat surface using four corner bolts or to a pole using a standard mounting plate. These units are shipped with an optional cable terminated at one or both ends with seven pin circular AMPHENOL connectors. For cables terminated at one end, the other end of the cable is 5 un-terminated wires. The functions and color code of each pin is listed below:



F A

B

CD

E G

Circular Style Connector Pin-Outfor Pole-Mounting

(as viewed from outside of enclosure)A Line BlackB Open Green C Close RedD Not UsedE NSH BlueF CSH Orange G Neut, CSL, NSL White

CSH = Phase Current Sensor HighCSL = Phase Current Sensor LowNSH = Neutral Detection Sensor HighNSL = Neutral Detection Sensor Low

2.9. Terminal Strip Mounting

A barrier-type .375 spacing terminal strip is provided, with #5-40 x 3/16" L screws which will accommodate fork or ring-type wire crimp lugs. Drilling an access hole at the bottom of the enclosure, and bringing wiring in through the hole makes attachment. A cord-grip connector (not supplied) is typically used to provide a strain relief and watertight connection for wiring entering at the bottom of the enclosure.



12

34

56

CSH = Phase Current Sensor High, CSL = Phase Current Sensor Low, NSH = Neutral Detection Sensor High, NSL = Neutral Detection Sensor Low.

2.10. Environmental Considerations

To maintain the weatherproof characteristics of the controller enclosure, it is important that the controller is properly oriented, with the connectors on the bottom edge of the controller (if any) facing down toward the ground, such as can be seen from the front panel layout illustrations in the next section of this guide.


20 Controls and Indicators Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc.

3. Controls and Indicators 3.1. Front Panel Layout

MCap IIU

U SE

F

SE F

E

SF U

UF S EFE

S

FE

SU

U

MCAP II Extended model shown for reference. Other models may differ.


Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc. Controls and Indicators 21

3.1. LCD Display Screen A 2 line by 16 character LCD Display shows all live (measured and calculated) values, as well as configuration settings. All settings can be changed via the front panel toggle switches, and the Display. A small hole near the upper left corner of the display allows for insertion of a small flat blade pot adjustment tool (or screwdriver) for display contrast adjustment.

When the AUTO/MANUAL switch is set to AUTO, the display will continuously scroll the measured Voltage, Current, kW, kVAr, PF, Neutral Current Status, and Switching Mode (model dependent).

3.2. MODIFY/SELECT Switches There are four toggle switches on the MiniCap front panel, located directly underneath the LCD display. These switches are used for viewing measured or calculated values, as well as changing configuration settings. Each switch is momentary, either up or down, with a center resting position:

3.2.1. SELECT Switches (MENU/ITEM, RIGHT/LEFT) Use the MENU switch to go to the Main Menu selections. Main Menu selections contain the major functions of the control. These Menus are organized on displays numbered 01> through 34> for easy reference. Once you have arrived at the Main Menu selections, use the RIGHT/LEFT switches to reach the desired Main Menu Screen. Once the desired Main Menu Screen is reached, use the ITEM switch to navigate to the desired sub-menu.

The SELECT switches are active whether the Control is in AUTO or MANUAL mode. In AUTO mode, toggling any of these switches will interrupt the scrolling display. The switches can then be used to view any Main Menu selection or sub-menu selection. However, changes to configuration settings are not allowed when the Control is in AUTO mode. The message *Only In Manual* will appear on the display.



When in AUTO mode, the display will return to scrolling values 10 seconds after the last switch is toggled. Toggle the MENU switch to return to the last accessed menu.

When in MANUAL mode, all configuration settings may be viewed and/or changed, using the SELECT switches.

3.2.2. MODIFY Switches (X10 / 10 and UP/DOWN)

The MODIFY switches are used together with the RIGHT/LEFT switches to change the configuration settings in the controller. Use the MENU/ITEM switches to navigate to the desired sub-menu. Once you are there, use the RIGHT/LEFT switches to go to the desired configuration setting, if more than one exists. For settings that require a numeric value (such as a voltage limit setting, etc.) the UP/DOWN switches are then used to raise or lower the number. Some settings consist of several fixed selections (for example, current sensor type, etc.), and in these cases the UP/DOWN switches are used to step through the various selections.

For fields that require numeric values, the 10 / X10 switches move the cursor to the desired digit in a numeric field.

Use the X10 switch to move the cursor left one digit (for example, from the ones digit to the tens digit.)

Use the 10 switch to move the cursor right one digit (for example, from the tens digit to the ones digit.)

To change a voltage setting of 120.0 Volts to 121.0 Volts:

You can use one of several methods to do this, whichever is easier:

Toggle and release the UP switch as necessary to increase the value from 120.0 to 121.0 Volts. The UP switch will increase the voltage setting by .1 volt each time it is pressed.

Or...

Use the 10 and X10 switches to move the cursor to the ones digit and toggle the UP switch once to change the setting from 120.0 to 121.0 Volts.

3.3. AUTO/MANUAL Switch The AUTO/MANUAL is a 2-position toggle switch.

When this switch is set to AUTO, the control will use its internal logic (Switching Strategy, etc.) to decide when to open or close the capacitor bank, or will receive remote commands via radio (depending on model.)


Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc. Controls and Indicators 23

When the switch is set to MANUAL, the control will not use its internal logic to open or close the cap bank, but will respond only to the manual operation of the OPEN/CLOSE switch. Remote radio commands are also ignored.

The AUTO/MANUAL switch must be set to MANUAL before making any configuration changes via the front panel switches. If not set to MANUAL, the control will ignore any attempts to change configuration settings from the front panel, and display the message: *Only In Manual*.

3.4. OPEN/CLOSE Switch The controllers AUTO/MANUAL switch must be set to MANUAL to use this switch.

If the control has closed the bank (Red LED on), toggling this switch to OPEN will command the control to execute an OPEN command 10 seconds. The green LED will begin to flash to indicate the pending operation, and the LCD display (if equipped) will count down the seconds until the OPEN operation occurs. The LED begins blinking rapidly when the control is within 10 seconds of executing the command.

If the control has opened the bank, (Green LED on), toggling this switch to the CLOSE position will command the control to execute a CLOSE command in 45 seconds (subject to the cap discharge timer, this time may actually be up to 600 seconds). The red LED will begin to flash to indicate the pending operation, and the LCD display (if equipped) will count down the seconds until the CLOSE operation occurs. The LED begins blinking rapidly when the control is within 10 seconds of executing the command.

3.5. YELLOW LED (Remote/Auto/Manual/Lockout) Indicator

When the AUTO/MANUAL switch is set to MANUAL, the Yellow LED is off. When the AUTO/MANUAL switch is set from MANUAL to AUTO, the Yellow LED blinks twice, and then turns on, to indicate that it has entered AUTO mode. While in AUTO mode, the LED may begin to flash for the following reasons:

1) Three Fast Flashes, then a pause: Neutral Lockout Mode

Neutral Current Lockout (this indication can appear only if Neutral Current is enabled, and optional neutral current sensor is connected)

2) Two Fast Flashes, then a pause: Remote (SCADA) Mode

Control has been set to Remote mode via radio command (eCAP models only). 3) Slow Flash (1-second rate, on and off): Anti-Hunt Lockout / Max Ops

Lockout due to excessive switching of the cap bank bank (Anti-Hunt).

4) On Continuously: AUTO Mode 5) Off Continuously: MANUAL Mode



The lockout modes above can be cleared by toggling the AUTO/MANUAL from AUTO to MANUAL, then back to AUTO. The cause of the lockout should be investigated before leaving the job site.

3.6. Red LED (Close) Indicator The red (CLOSE) LED is on if the last cap bank command performed was a CLOSE operation.

When a CLOSE operation is pending, the red LED will flash to indicate the pending operation. The LCD display (if equipped) will count down the remaining time until the CLOSE operation occurs.

3.7. Green LED (Open) Indicator The green (OPEN) LED is on if the last cap bank command performed was an OPEN operation.

When an OPEN operation is pending, the green LED will flash to indicate the pending operation. The LCD display (if equipped) will count down the remaining time until the OPEN operation occurs.

3.8. USB Connector The front panel USB type B connector allows the control to be connected to a laptop PC (Windows, XP or later) using any standard type A-B USB cable. Special QEI SmartWare II interface software allows a convenient means of programming configuration settings into the control. The software also has facility for editing and saving configuration files, and for retrieving and graphing historical data from the control.

3.9. Fuses There are two front panel fuses associated with the capacitor controls:

The LOAD fuse protects the cap bank switches. It is a 10 Amp Slo-Blo type 1-1/4 inch 250VAC ceramic body cylinder fuse (QEI No. 10-003669-028, Littelfuse 326.010).

The LOGIC fuse protects the control microprocessor board. It is a Amp Slo-Blo type fuse (QEI No. 10-003669-045, Littlefuse 313.250).

If the control is not operating properly, one of the first steps would be to verify that either of these fuses is not blown.

3.10. Test Points: Voltage, Current, Neutral Three test points on the front panel allow for convenient testing of the AC line voltage (Voltage-Neutral test points), and LPS current sensor output voltage (Current- Neutral test points).


Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc. MANUAL, AUTO, and Remote Modes 25

3.11. TX and RX LEDs (eCAP II Models) Two red LEDs indicate communications activity on the eCAP RS-232 SCADA port. The RX LED flashes on incoming data from a radio to the port. The TX LED flashes when the eCAP sends data from the port to the radio.

3.12. Clock The capacitor controls have an internal clock for time keeping when switching is based on Date, Time, or DOW (day of the week). Another function of the clock is as a reference to keep track of trending (historical) data. The internal clock will adjust for Daylight Savings time. An hours worth of historical data is overwritten during the DST fallback hour. The clock uses a SuperCap for back-up power, and thus does not require a battery to maintain the correct time and date during power failures of up to several weeks at a time.

4. MANUAL, AUTO, and Remote Modes The QEI cap bank controls can function in one of three modes: MANUAL, AUTO, or REMOTE:

4.1. MANUAL Mode

In MANUAL mode, the controller functions basically as a dumb-switch. The operator toggles a CLOSE/OPEN switch to switch the cap bank open (off-line) or closed (on-line) as required. Some safety timers provide delays for capacitor discharge time, and to allow the operator to move away from the bank before the operation occurs.

Set the AUTO/MANUAL front panel toggle switch to MANUAL.

When set to MANUAL mode, the CLOSE/OPEN switch may then be used to manually set the cap bank switches to either the open or closed position.

While in MANUAL mode, the control is NOT using its internal logic (Switching Strategy) to automatically open or close the bank. All open/close operations must be done using the manual OPEN/CLOSE toggle switch.

Switching actions initiated by the user under MANUAL mode are governed by the following set of inherent safety features:

5-Minute Cap Discharge Delay Timer. At power up, and after any OPEN operation, a timer prevents the capacitor from closing until five minutes after the last OPEN operation. This feature cannot be disabled. The timer is settable to five minutes (IEEE, US standard) or ten minutes (International standard).


26 MANUAL, AUTO, and Remote Modes Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc.

Walk Away Timers. This timer allows the user to move away from the cap bank after initiating a manual open or close operation. Two separately programmable timers are available one for OPEN operations and one for CLOSE operations.

Using Manual Mode:

This section describes the operation of the capacitor control using the OPEN/CLOSE switch on the front panel, when the AUTO/MANUAL switch is set to MANUAL. As mentioned previously, there are a number of inherent delays built into the controller firmware that govern the operation of the control. These delays are explained in the section below.

1. Place the control in its MANUAL mode by placing the AUTO / MANUAL switch in the MANUAL position. When this is done the yellow LED will turn off.

2. The Red and Green LEDs next to the CLOSE / OPEN switch will show the last bank command, or may both be off if the control is being powered up for the first time.

3. If the last bank command was CLOSE, the Red (Close) LED is on. In this case, the capacitor bank can be removed from the line by operating the CLOSE / OPEN switch to its OPEN position.

4. When this is done, the Green (Open) LED will begin flashing. This indicates that an OPEN operation is pending. There is a delay built into manual operations to allow the operator to move away from the capacitor bank if desired. The minimum delay is 10 seconds for an OPEN operation and 45 seconds for a CLOSE operation. The countdown appears on the LCD Display (if equipped).

5. When the delay expires, the capacitor control will cause the capacitor bank switches to OPEN, disconnecting the capacitor bank from the line.

6. The Green LED will stop flashing and turn on continuously, and the Red LED will turn off.

7. At this point if the operator wishes to reconnect the capacitor bank to the line, the CLOSE / OPEN switch must be operated to the CLOSE position.

8. When this is done, the Red LED will begin flashing. This indicates a pending Close operation. In this case, the Close operation may not happen for up to 5 minutes. There is a 5-minute Cap-Discharge Timer delay (sometimes called a re-close block) built into the controller for all Close operations occurring immediately after an Open operation. The reason for the delay is that when the capacitor bank was removed from the line it retained an electrical charge. The capacitor bank must be allowed to discharge for safety, before it is reconnected to the line.

9. If the capacitor bank has been disconnected for 5 minutes or longer before the Close operation is requested, the 5-minute delay expires and does not happen, however, there is still a 45 second delay (default, programmable) to allow the operator to move away from the control and


Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc. MANUAL, AUTO, and Remote Modes 27

capacitor bank. The capacitor control remembers when the capacitor bank was last disconnected from the line (regardless of the operating mode when it was disconnected) and always allows a minimum of 5 minutes to elapse before allowing reconnection of the capacitors to the line.

10. When the delay expires, the capacitor bank is reconnected to the line. The Red LED will stop flashing and turn on continuously, and the Green LED will turn off.

4.2. AUTO Mode

In AUTO mode, the control compares the measured line conditions to a set of programmed limits (called the Switching Strategy) and automatically opens or closes the cap bank as required. Safety timers provide delays for capacitor discharge time, and prevent excessive switching (or hunting) of the cap bank, which may be caused by rapidly changing line conditions, or other events.

When the AUTO/MANUAL switch is set to AUTO mode, the Yellow front panel LED blinks twice and then turns ON. The capacitor controller is now using its internal logic to evaluate line conditions and automatically switch the cap bank. Switching is based on the configured Switching Strategy. This mode is only in effect when the AUTO/MANUAL switch is in the AUTO position. See the Switch Strategy descriptions elsewhere in this guide.

Switching actions initiated by the control under AUTO mode are governed by the following set of inherent safety features:

60 Minute Anti-Hunt Timer. This feature prevents switching from occurring more than once per hour (or other settable time interval). This feature can be configured using the front panel switches, or through a PC using the SmartWare II software. Default is 60 minutes (settable).

Anti-Hunt Lock-out Counter. The control enters lock-out mode after 10 consecutive switching operations (default, configurable) in 10 consecutive hours. This feature can prevent excessive bank switching (Hunting) caused by rapidly cycling loads, influence by other nearby switched cap banks, or improper Switching Strategy setup. It can be configured through the front panel switches or through a PC using the SmartWare II software.

5-Minute Cap Discharge Delay Timer. Prevents transients caused by switching in a charged capacitor bank. A timer prevents the capacitor from closing until five minutes after the last OPEN operation. This feature cannot be disabled. Settable to five minutes (IEEE, US standard) or ten minutes (International standard).

Transient Delay Timers. The transient delay timer runs after the cap discharge and Anti-Hunt timers have expired. Transient delay timers prevent the controller from switching due to short transient events (such as a voltage spike, etc.)

NOTE In AUTO mode, the user will not be able to use the manual OPEN and CLOSE toggle switches on the front panel.


28 Programming Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc.

Max Ops Counter. The control counts the number of daily operations (beginning at midnight of the present day). If the count is exceeded, further bank operations are prevented for that day. This counter automatically clears at midnight of the next day.

4.3. REMOTE Mode (eCAP II Models)

This mode is set via SCADA command from the Master Station, and can only be set when the front panel AUTO/MANUAL switch is in the AUTO position. When set to REMOTE mode, the control is NOT using its internal logic (Switching Strategy) to automatically open or close the bank. It is under control from the SCADA Master Station via radio, etc. The bank is operated only by SCADA commands issued by the Master, based on monitored measurements.

The exception to this is the local SCADA Voltage Override feature. If this override feature is enabled, the control will monitor the voltage levels locally. It will either inhibit or force a bank operation to keep the local voltage in-band, regardless of remote SCADA commands. As long as local voltage remains in-band, the control accepts SCADA commands to open or close the bank.

In REMOTE mode, the Yellow front panel LED is flashing (two flashes, then a pause).

5. Programming Before being placed into service, the control must be configured.

5.1. Programming a STD Model

Standard (STD) models have a front panel USB port for configuration of all operating parameters (see the SmartWare II software section of this user guide.) All of the STD model configuration settings must be entered using QEIs SmartWare II software. All measurements (such as Voltage, current, etc.) are viewed using this software.

5.2. Programming an EXT Model

In addition to the front panel USB port and SmartWare II, Extended (EXT) models also have four front panel configuration toggle switches and an LCD display, which can be used to set up or modify most of the configuration settings directly from the front panel, without the use of a computer.


Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc. Switching Strategies 29

6. Switching Strategies The Switching Strategy defines the conditions that the e/MCAP II control will use

to switch the bank opened or closed. The strategy can be set differently on a per- seasonal basis. Up to four different seasons can be defined.

Within each season, up to three scheduled time periods can be uniquely set. Each scheduled time period can contain its own type of limits (such as kVAr, Voltage, Temperature, always open, always closed, no operation, etc.) and its own limit values. A single set of limits can be defined for all unscheduled times throughout the day.

Depending on model, Override functions can be used during Switching Strategy operations. These include Voltage override (for non-voltage based switching strategies), Neutral imbalance detection, Day-of-Week Override, Holidays, reverse power, etc. More information on override functions follows later in this guide.

The example below illustrates a Switching Strategy setup for a particular season (times shown are 24 Hr time):

In the example above, there are two scheduled time periods during the day.

Time period #1 is scheduled during the hours of 8AM to 12 Noon, and consists of voltage based switching, with an open limit of 124.0V and a close limit of 120.0V

Time period #2 is scheduled during the hours of 1:30PM to 6:30PM, and consists of temperature based switching, with a close limit of 90F and an open limit of 78F.

During the other unscheduled hours of the day (midnight to 8AM, 12 Noon to 1:30PM, and 6:30PM to midnight) the bank will be open.


30 Strategy Types Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc.

The e/MCAP II Switching Strategy defaults are as follows:

Number of Seasons: All year (same switching strategy used all year).

Number of Time Periods: Continuous (same switching strategy used all day).

7. Strategy Types The following strategies may be used for switching the bank during scheduled time periods:

Voltage Close the bank on low voltage limit, and open the bank on high voltage limit.

Temperature Close the bank on a high summer (or low winter) temperature, and open the bank on a low summer (or high winter) temperature.

kVAr Close the bank on high lagging (+) kVAr, and open the bank on high leading (-) kVAr. The number line below illustrates how the e/MCAP II treats kVAr values.

0

-100 kVAr-200 kVAr +100 kVAr +200 kVAr

MORE LEADING (CAPACITIVE)

MORE LAGGING (INDUCTIVE)

kW Close the bank on high kW, open the bank on low kW.

Current Close the bank on high current, open the bank on low current.

Power Factor Close the bank when lagging (+) PF falls below a limit. Open the bank when leading (-) PF falls below a limit.

Always Open The bank will open and remain open during the entire scheduled time period.

Always Closed The bank will close and remain closed during the entire scheduled time period.

No operation The control does not move the bank during the entire scheduled time period.

Temp Band Temp Band allows the user to set up a single set of temperature limits that covers both summer and winter requirements. For example, a low temperature limit setting of 45F and a high temperature setting of 80F are configured. The bank will be closed when the temperature falls below 45F, or closed when the temperature rises above 80F. In between the two limits, the bank will be opened. A deadband of 2 degrees prevents hunting of the cap bank.


Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc. Overrides 31

8. Overrides The e/MCAP II control contains a variety of override features that can be used to perform a variety of tasks such as maintaining voltage levels on the line within safe limits, monitoring the cap bank for an imbalanced condition, opening the bank on Holidays, etc.

8.1. Voltage Override

This override can be used with all switching limit types (except Voltage). If enabled, this feature will override the switching limit type in effect and either force or inhibit bank operation as required to maintain the line voltage within the programmed limits. Additionally, the controller learns the voltage change due to bank operation and develops deadbands (see Switching DeltaV) which prevent the override operation from immediately releasing control back to the switching strategy.

8.1.1. DeltaV and Learn Mode

The DeltaV settings are used in conjunction with the Voltage Override feature.

The DeltaV line voltage can be viewed from the Smartview screen (SmartWare II software) or from the front panel LCD display under 01>Live Values (EXT models only).

The DeltaV value is the predicted change in voltage as a result of bank operation. Its purpose is to inhibit bank operation during voltage override, to keep the line voltage within limits. For example, if the bank is open, but closing it would cause the voltage to rise above the voltage override high limit, the close operation is prevented from occurring.

When the bank is open, the DeltaV voltage shows the predicted voltage level after closing. It prevents the control from closing the bank if doing so will cause the line voltage to rise above the high voltage override limit.

When the bank is closed, the DeltaV voltage shows the predicted voltage level after opening. It prevents the control from opening the bank if doing so will cause the line voltage to fall lower than the low voltage override limit.

The predicted changes (deltas) in voltage are programmed from the Hardware Configuration screen (SmartWare II) or from the front panel LCD display under 26>Hardware Config: Switching DeltaV (EXT models only).

Open DeltaV When the bank is closed, this value is a prediction of how much the voltage will drop after the bank opens. It is subtracted from the Volts value in Smartview or the LCD display to arrive at the DeltaV value.

Close DeltaV When the bank is open, this value is a prediction of how much the voltage will rise after the bank closes. It is added


32 Overrides Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc.

to the Volts value in Smartview or the LCD display to arrive at the DeltaV value.

Adaptive Clamp Sets the maximum allowable DeltaV values. DeltaV values that would exceed this limit are set to this value instead.

Sample Time Sets the time to wait after bank operation before taking the measurement of the voltage rise or drop for inclusion in the Open and Close DeltaV value averages.

A 25% margin is built into the DeltaV value. This provides a deadband for the inhibit functions, to prevent the inhibit function from releasing back to the Switching Strategy (or to SCADA control) too early.

If Learn mode is enabled, the control learns the voltage rise and drop during bank operation. The learned values are a rolling average of the last five open and last five close operations.

If Learn mode is not enabled, the control will use the Open DeltaV and Close DeltaV values entered through the Hardware Configuration screen or the 26>Hardware Config. Switching DeltaV display on the front panel.

Note: Learn mode may be disabled only if the voltage rise and drop on a specific bank are well known. In this case, the Learn mode may be turned off (set to No) and the Close DeltaV and Open DeltaV values are then set to specific values. Otherwise, Learn mode should be set to Yes, and initial values should be entered.

DeltaV is also used for the SCADA Voltage Override Feature (eCAP II models).

DeltaV can be ignored if voltage overrides are not used.

DeltaV Example:

For this example, say that the line voltage will rise by 2.0 Volts when the cap bank closes and drop by 2.0 Volts when the cap bank opens. Also, assume that the cap bank switches have just opened, and line voltage has dropped to 120.0 Volts as a result.

Bank Opens:

DeltaV = Measured Voltage + Predicted Rise = 120.0 + 2.0 = 122.0 Volts

A 25% margin is assigned to the predicted rise: 2.0 * .25 = .5 Volts

So, 120 Volts + 2.0 Volts predicted rise + .5. Volts margin = 122.5 Volts.

If the 122.5 volt prediction is above the Voltage Override High Limit, the control will inhibit any close operations, until the voltage falls lower.

Bank Closes:

DeltaV = Measured Voltage + Predicted Drop = 122.0 - 2.0 = 120.0 Volts

A 25% margin is assigned to the predicted drop: 2.0 * .25 = .5 Volts



So, 122 Volts - 2.0 Volts predicted drop - .5. Volts margin = 119.5 Volts.

If the 119.5 volt prediction is below the Voltage Override Low Limit, the control will inhibit any open operations, until the voltage rises higher.



8.2. Emergency Voltage Override

This voltage override bypasses the long Anti-Hunt timer (which can be up to 60 minutes long). It is intended for situations where the voltage may need to be brought in band quickly, even though the Anti-Hunt timer is in the middle of counting down. The cap discharge timer is still in effect, if applicable.

8.3. DOW (Day-of-Week) Override

This feature sets the bank to be opened, closed, or to follow a special time schedule on any specific day of the week. For example, regardless of the switching strategy in use, it may be desired to open (or close) the bank on the weekend, or the bank can be set to operate based on a separate time schedule, with a user specified Start and End Time. When within the scheduled time, the bank will be closed. During un-scheduled times, the bank will be opened. Voltage Override can enabled for use with the DOW override on a per day basis.

8.4. Holiday Override

The e/MCAP II can be set to override the switching strategy and open or close the bank on holidays. Holidays can only be entered using the SmartWare II software, but may be viewed through the LCD display (EXT models). Up to 50 separate Holiday entries can be programmed (see SmartWare II). Voltage Override can also be used in conjunction with the Holiday List.

Several types of holidays can be entered.

Pre-defined: Example: New Years Day, Memorial Day, July 4, Labor Day, Thanksgiving, Christmas.

Rule Based: Example: Last Monday in March.

Recurring: Example: Every year on June 12.

One-Time: Example: August 21, 2010.

8.5. Anti-Hunt

Rapidly changing loads or interaction between multiple switched cap banks, voltage regulators, etc., can cause excessive bank switching (the bank may Hunt back and forth between open and closed states). Hunting may also occur if the control is incorrectly programmed. Hunting can affect equipment life and power quality.

The Anti-Hunt timer functions in AUTO mode to provide a programmable time minimum between switching operations. A counter also counts the number of operations, and locks out the control from further operations, if the count is exceeded.

Anti-Hunt Time Timer value. This is the minimum allowed time between consecutive operations. Time Range: 10 to 60 minutes, in 6 steps.



Max Operations Counter. This is the number of consecutive open and close operations allowed before the controller locks out. Each operation increments a counter by 1. When the count equals the programmed value, the controller locks-out.

An operation must occur within five minutes of the Anti-Hunt timer expiring, to increment the count toward lock-out. After the five minute time period is past, the counter resets back to zero. Count Range: 0 to 48. Default is 6.

Set the Max Operations Count to 0 if No Limit is desired. No Limit makes use of the Anti-Hunt Timer delay only and the control will never lock-out.

Example:

Anti-Hunt Time is set to 30 minutes, and Max Operation count is set to 4. With these settings, the control will lock-out after four consecutive close/open switching operations in four hours (1 close/open operation per hour).

1) The control closes the cap bank switches. An OPEN operation is immediately pending.

2) The Anti-Hunt timer begins timing down from 30 minutes.

3) Immediately after the timer reaches 0, an OPEN operation occurs (subject to the transient delay timer). The Max Operations counter now increments to 1.

4) A CLOSE operation is now immediately pending.

5) The Anti-Hunt timer begins timing down from 30 minutes again.

6) Immediately after the timer reaches 0, the CLOSE operation occurs (subject to the transient delay timer).

7) An OPEN operation is now immediately pending.

8) The Anti-Hunt timer begins timing down from 30 minutes.

9) Immediately after the timer reaches 0, the OPEN operation occurs (subject to the transient delay timer). The Max Operations counter now increments to 2.

10) The above process continues until the counter increments to 4. At this point, the controller locks out from further operation.

11) If at any point after the timer reaches 0, the control takes longer than 5 minutes to switch (or doesnt switch at all due to a change in line conditions, etc.) the counter is reset to 0, and lock out will not occur.

When the control locks out due to the Anti-Hunt Max Operation Count being reached, the Yellow front panel LED will flash at a slow rate (1 second on and off), and the display (EXT models) will indicate the lockout state. To clear the lock-out state, the front panel AUTO/MANUAL toggle switch must be set to MANUAL, and then back to AUTO.



The lock-out condition is also returned as a SCADA point (eCAP II models), and may also be cleared via SCADA by setting the control to AUTO, then back to REMOTE.

8.6. Max Daily Ops

If enabled, this feature counts the number of close/open cycles that occur within a 24 hour period. If the number of cycles exceeds the count, further operations are inhibited for the day. The count clears at midnight.

8.7. Neutral Current, Neutral Voltage Override

In a 3-phase Wye system, high neutral current may occur due to a malfunction in the cap bank system (i.e., if a single capacitor fuse blows, or a cap bank switch becomes stuck in the closed position, etc.) The controller can detect high neutral current, and lock out the cap bank from further operation. The controller is configurable to lock out the cap bank in either the open or closed position. Locking out closed may be desired, to protect against a condition where one of the three oil switches becomes stuck in the closed position, while the other two are open. In this case closing in the bank will close the two open switches, restoring balance to the 3-phase system.

Heres how neutral current detection works:

With neutral current feature enabled, and the cap bank switches in the closed position:

1) If the measured neutral current exceeds the neutral current threshold for longer than the transient time, the controller will open the cap bank switches, and test again for high neutral current. If high neutral current is no longer present, the controller will lock out in the open position. If neutral current is still present, the controller may lock out in either the open or closed position, depending on the whether the Final Lockout Open option is enabled or disabled.

2) If the retry count (Retry) is greater than 0, the controller will not lock out, but will wait for the retry time (Time) and test for high neutral current again by closing and opening the cap bank. Automatic operations are disabled whenever the controller is performing any neutral current tests, or is in-between retries. If during a re-test, the controller determines that neutral current measurements have now dropped below the threshold, the testing is cancelled, and the controller returns to normal AUTO operation.

When the controller is in AUTO mode, the scrolling display will show the neutral current measurement, the status (Normal or Over Threshold), as well as the time until the next retry, and the number of remaining retries. These values can also be seen from the Live Values screen 05> Live Values: Neutral (EXT models only).

When the controller locks out due to high neutral current, the Yellow front panel LED will flash in a pattern (3 short flashes, followed by a pause). The LCD display will also indicate the lock-out state. The LED does not flash between retries, only after the controller has locked-out.



Note that the e/MCAP II may also lock-out due to excessive switching (Anti-Hunt) such as may occur due to rapidly changing loads, influence from adjacent cap banks, or incorrect programming (limits set too tightly etc.). In the case of Anti-Hunt lockout, the LEDs will flash at a different rate. See the Controls and Indicators section of this guide (Yellow Led) for further info.

In neutral lock-out mode, all automatic operation is disabled.

To clear the lock-out mode, toggle the AUTO/MANUAL switch to MANUAL. After the cause of the lock-out has been corrected, set the switch back to AUTO again.

The lockout may also be cleared via SCADA command (eCAP models only).

8.7.1. Final Lockout Open

If high neutral is sensed in BOTH the closed and opened bank positions, the Final Lockout Open option tells the control to enter neutral lockout state with the bank in the open position.

If high neutral the bank closes and retries are set to 0, with Final Lockout Open enabled, the control will open the bank on the high neutral measurement and lockout in the open position.

8.7.2. Neutral Voltage

Neutral voltage detection (model dependent) may be used in certain applications. Consult the ordering information. The control functions for neutral detection are similar for either neutral current or neutral voltage detection.

8.8. Reverse Power

If using kVAr as the Strategy Type, inaccurate kVAr reading will result if the current begins to flow from the opposite direction, since the current sensor will now be on the wrong side of the bank and loads, relative to the source. The Reverse Power feature detects when current is flowing through the sensor in reverse, and changes to one of four Switching Types (selectable) as follows:

No Operation In this mode, no further operations are performed as long as the current flow through the sensor is reversed.

Close and Inhibit Ops The control will close the bank and inhibit further operations as long as current flow through the sensor is reversed.

Open and Inhibit Ops The control will open the bank and inhibit further operations as long as current flow through the sensor is reversed.

Use Voltage Limits The control will use the programmed voltage limits as long as current flow through the sensor is reversed.


38 Hardware Configuration Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc.

The Reverse Power feature includes a programmable threshold and time delay. Set the Hardware Configuration Power Direction to Normal if using this feature.

8.9. Minimum Current

This feature inhibits operation when measured current falls below a programmable level. It is primarily for use with PF (Power Factor) strategy type, but can be useful in other applications as well.

9. Hardware Configuration 9.1. Voltage Constants

Feeder Voltage This is the primary phase-neutral or phase-phase voltage. It is required for correct kW and kVAr and kVA readings.

Secondary Voltage The nominal xfmr secondary voltage connected to the control (120/220/240 Volts).

Line Frequency 50 or 60Hz

9.2. Switching Delta Voltage

Note: Delta Voltage is described in more detail in the Overrides section of this manual.

Open DeltaV Predicted voltage drop after opening the bank (2 to 10V).

Close DeltaV Predicted voltage rise after closing the bank (2 to 10V).

Adaptive Clamp Sets the limit for the above DeltaV values when in Learn mode (0 to 10V).

Sample Time Time to wait after bank operation before taking a measurement in Learn mode.

Enable Learn Mode Enable/disable the Learn mode feature for Open and Close DeltaV.

9.3. Current Sensing

Before measuring current, the specific sensor type, as well as the maximum expected line current must be programmed into the control. Default is Lindsey Multicore (recommended).

Current Sensor Type:

Lindsey or Fisher type LPS These Line Post Sensors have a ratio of 60Amps = 1V out. Fisher types also have an inherent phase shift and require phase compensation for harmonics. The settings are already pre-programmed for these particular sensor types.


Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc. Hardware Configuration 39

Generic Choose this setting if it is desired to change any of the pre-programmed settings above, or to set up the control for a different LPS sensor type.

CT Choose this setting if interfacing a CT (current transformer) to the control. The CT ratio must then be entered.

None Choose None if no sensor will be used.

Max Expected Line Current This is the input gain scaling. There are four selections: 180 (default), 360, 720, 1440 Amps. Set this number higher than the maximum current that the control will need to measure. Example: the maximum expected line current measurement is 400 Amps. Set the maximum current to 720 Amps. Note: setting the number to lower than the maximum expected current will cause inaccurate readings at higher currents.

Current Sensor Ratio This is the ratio of input current to output voltage for Line Post Sensors. If Lindsey or Fisher sensors are selected, this field is not changeable, because the settings are pre-programmed into the control. If a Generic sensor is chosen, this value can be changed.

Phase shift This setting compensates for any inherent phase shift between the sensor input and sensor output. If Lindsey or Fisher sensors are selected, this field is not changeable, and the settings are pre-programmed into the control. If a Generic sensor is chosen, this value can be changed.

Sensor Harmonic Comp Certain Line Post Sensors require compensation for harmonics. If Lindsey or Fisher sensors are selected, this field is not changeable, and the settings are pre-programmed into the control. If a Generic sensor is chosen, this value can be changed.

CT Ratio (CT only) This is the current transformer ratio. For example, 300:5, 150:5 etc.

Note: The e/MCAP II CT models can accept a maximum input of 5 Amps. Choose the CT ratio based on the maximum expected primary current. For example, if it is desired to measure up to 500 Amps, then choose a 500:5A CT.


40 Hardware Configuration Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc.

9.4. Switching Error Check

If enabled, the control will check for 25% of the DeltaV or kVAr change (or both) after bank operation, and log an error if conditions are not met.

9.5. Accumulation Scale Factors

Multiplier for kWH and kVH accumulation. Default is 1.

9.6. Power Direction

The e/MCAP II is capable of determining the power direction, (forward: from the source, or reverse: toward the source) which can be useful for Switching Strategy programming.

Positive Always: (Default) Kilowatts and current are always displayed as a positive value, regardless of whether power flow is forward or reverse.

Normal: Forward power direction is displayed as a positive value. Reversed power direction is displayed as a negative value.

9.7. Timing Parameters

9.7.1. Transient Delays

Transient Delays prevent any events of short duration (such as line noise or voltage spikes) from triggering the control to open or close the cap bank. This parameter can also be used to coordinate switching with other capacitor banks controlled by other units, or to stagger the switching times of a large number of controllers. This would prevent too many banks from being switched open or closed simultaneously, in response to a system wide event, such as power restoration after a power failure.

Example (assumes Cap Discharge and Anti-Hunt timers are not timing down):

The transient OPEN timer is set for 30 seconds. The cap bank switches are closed. The controller is set to open the cap bank when the voltage reaches 125.0 volts. The line voltage is presently 124.0 volts.

The voltage rises to 125.4 volts. The control indicates a pending OPEN operation (green LED begins flashing). The transient timer begins to countdown from 30 seconds.

After 10 seconds, the voltage falls back to 124.0 volts. The pending OPEN operation is cancelled, and the transient timer resets to 30. No operation occurs.

Now the voltage rises to 125.5 volts. Again the control indicates a pending operation, green LED is flashing. The transient timer begins to countdown from 30 seconds. This time the voltage remains above 125.0 volts continuously. After the transient timer counts down to zero, the control opens the cap bank switches.


Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc. LCD Display Menu Organization 41

9.7.2. Cap Discharge Delay

When the cap bank is switched open, the capacitors retain the charge from the line. Internal bleeder resistors within the capacitors gradually bleed down the charge. The e/MCAP II can be programmed to wait for either five minutes (default, IEEE requirement) or 10 minutes (IEC requirement), before allowing a recently opened cap bank to be closed back onto the power line. This allows time for the capacitors to discharge.

The Discharge Timer cannot be disabled. It can only be set to either five or 10 minutes. It runs regardless of whether the control is in AUTO or MANUAL mode. It is only in effect when closing an open bank. It does not delay the opening of a closed bank.

9.7.3. Walk Away Time

This timer is for use when the control is set to MANUAL mode. Allows time for the user to walk away from the control after issuing a manual OPEN or CLOSE command using the front panel toggle switch. There are separate timers for opening and closing the bank. Default is 45 seconds for CLOSE, and 10 seconds for OPEN.

9.7.4. Switch Drive Time

Sets the relay operation time for the momentary OPEN and CLOSE output relays in the control. The default is seven seconds.

9.7.5. Random Startup Delay

This is a random time delay added to the controls internal 5 minute delay time at startup. For example, if 40 seconds is entered, the control will delay operations at startup for anywhere from 300 to 340 seconds.

10. LCD Display Menu Organization Toggle the front panel MENU switch as necessary to reach the Main Menu selections, which

will be any screen numbered 01> through 34>. Once there, use the RIGHT/LEFT switches to navigate through the Menus.

Note that some Main Menu selections have several sub menus. The >> symbol on any display indicates another that another sub-menu is available underneath the one displayed. Use the ITEM switch as necessary to reach other sub menus. Use the MENU switch repeatedly as necessary, to return from any sub-menu, back to the Main Menu selection.

The following sections of this guide discuss all features of the MCAP II and eCAP II EXT model controls (those with an LCD display). Please see the SmartWare II section of this guide for additional information about features accessed through the SmartWare II software for both STD and EXT models.


42 LCD Display Menu Organization Copyright 2009 QEI, Inc.

10.1. Main Menu 01> thru 11> : Live Values Live Values describes the group of Main Menu selections numbered from 01> through 10>. Live values are the measured or calculated values displayed by the control in real-time. These values may be continuously changing, depending on the measured levels, so the display is constantly updating these values, depending on the actual line conditions. Most of the Live Value displays cannot be changed, only viewed. The list is as follows:

Main Menus: Live Values Sub-Menu Example Display Explanation

01>Live Values

Voltage, Current

Volts VDelta Cur

118.6 116.6 125

Displays the following: Volts -- present measured line voltage. VDelta -- the predicted voltage change after opening (or closing) the bank. Cur present measured single phase line current.

02>Live Values

kW, kVAr, PF

kWatt kVAr PF

9242 2285 97

Displays three phase kW and kVAr readings, as well as resulting power factor.

03>Live Values

kW/H, kVAr/H

kW/H kVAr/H

100 40

kWH and kVH readings. Scaling is set through the Smartware II software.

04>Live Values

kVA, Phase Shift

kVA P-Shift

9533 14

Displays the three phase kVA reading and the phase shift resulting from kVAr and kWatt loading.

05>Live Values

Neutral

Neutral Thresh

0 Amps Norm >>

Displays the neutral current (or neutral voltage) measurement, and whether or not the measurement has exceeded the neutral current threshold. Also see 16> Overrides : Neutral Config. *

Retries Left : 0

Retry: 0 Secs

Displays the number of neutral imbalance test retries left, and the time until the next retry. *

06>Live Values

Temperature

Temperature

75 F

Displays the present ambient temperature reading (if equipped with optional sensor)

07>Live Values

Last Bank Cmd

Cmd Pending

Close Nothing

Cmd Displays the last bank operation performed. Pending shows if an operation is in progress, subject to timers expiring.

08>Live Values

Season/Time Per.

Season TimeP

1 Cont

Displays the number of seasons in use, and the number of available time periods per day.

09>Live Values

Operating Mode

Comm Local

Remote Auto

Comms shows the SCADA communications mode (Remote or Auto). Local Shows the mode set from the front panel Auto/Manual switc

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