Islamic University of GazaFaculity of EngineeringElectrical & Computer Engineering Department

Doaa El-thalathenyNesreen Salem-DeebNermeen abu-LehyaYasmeen El-Saqqa

Dr. Hatem El-Aydi

Prepared By:-

Supervised By:-

Content

Objectives

Greenhouse

SCADA

LabVIEW

Hardware

Software

Develop monitoring, supervisory control, and archiving system for agriculture system in a greenhouse .

Rationalize consumption of water.

To control numerous environmental conditions for greenhouse.

To provide overall efficiency for greenhouse owners.

Objective

Is a structure with a glass or plastic roof and frequently glass or plastic walls.

It heats up because incoming solar radiation from the sun warms plants, soil, and other things inside the building.

The reason for growing plants in greenhouses is to control the environment.

A greenhouse allows the plants to grow in any location and at any time of year.

There are 12,000 greenhouses in Gaza strip.

Greenhouse

Israel cut drinking and irrigation water from Gaza .

Only about one-quarter of potentially irrigable lands are actually irrigated, and not in the most efficient manner.

Bad equipments that used in irrigation.

Problem of Irrigation In Gaza

Fertigation has been described as the application of plant nutrients in irrigation water to accomplish fertilization.

Plants require some 17 essential elements in order to grow healthy and produce economic crops .

Elements: 1- Macro-Nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg)

2- Micro- Nutrients (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn)

Fertigation

Problem of Ferigation In Gaza

Random use of fertilizers which waste expensive fertilizers.

Also it has a bad effect on soil.

It reduces quality crop, increase the effects of weed competition, and increase the plant diseases.

All this affects on human health and economy of

agricultural sector.

SCADA System

SCADA is an acronym that stands for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition.

A computer system for gathering and analyzing real time data.

SCADA is often referred to as Human-Machine Interface (HMI) software.

Continue..SCADA System Component

SCADA Components

Communication Network

Field Instrumen

tation

Central Monitoring

Station

Remote Stations

SCADA System Component (cont.)

Sensors – I/O points

Remote Station

serverclients

Field bus

Control busCommunication bus

hardware

SCADA Applications

Water Management Systems

• Water Management Systems

Electric Power • Electric Power

Traffic Signals • A railway system

Mass Transit Systems • Manufacturing Systems

Environmental Control Systems • Environmental Control

Water distribution station • Agriculture

SCADA Software

• Labview DSC

from National Instruments

• WinCC

from Siemens

• Cimplicity HMI

from General Electric

• Citect

from Citect Company

LabVIEW is an acronym for Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench.

It is a computer software development application created by National Instruments.

The building blocks of the LabVIEW program are called Virtual Instruments (VI).

LABVIEW

LABVIEW (cont.)LabVIEW Components

Front Panel

Block Diagram

Icon & Connector

1. Shared Variables.2. Logging.3. Alarming.4. Event monitoring. 5. System security.6. Real time and historical data trending.7. More than 4,000 user interface graphics.

LABVIEW DSC Module

DSC: Datalogging and Supervisory Control.

Extends LabVIEW development Environment:-

Feature for sharing data in LabVIEW Applications.

Three Shared Variable types:-

• Single-Process:- share data between two locations on the same VI, or two VIs within the same application.

• Network-Published:- share data with networked systems and uses NI Publish-Subscribe Protocol (NI-PSP).

• Time-Triggered:- share data deterministically through Ethernet between real-time systems.

Shared Variable

Messages to inform operator about operating and error status in the process.

Default HiHi, Hi, Lo, LoLo, bad status, and rate of change alarms.

Alarming

Data (alarms & events) is stored in real time streams to Citadel.

No coding required.

Logging

Facilitate the implementation of security for local or network resources such as LabVIEW project libraries, shared variables, and front panel objects.

The security architecture of the DSC Module separates user management and authentication from resource permissions.

User management and authentication is provided by the Domain Account Manager while the permissions assigned for users to access a resource are defined by the resource itself.

Security

Domain Account Manager

• The Domain Account Manager serves as a central repository

for managing local and remote user account management.

• Use to create users and user groups, each with different

privilege levels.

• This arrangement simplifies the process of assigning permissions to local and networked LabVIEW resources.

Security (cont.)

Project Library Security

• The user can have read/write and granting/denying access to the project library.

Security (cont.)

Shared Variable Security

• Shared variables use the Domain Account Manager user information to set permissions.

Front Panel Security

• Uses Domain Account Manager to assign permission levels to controls and indicators on the front panel.

• You can assign 4 permission levels to front panel objects:-

1. Full Access.2. Disabled (View Only).3. Disabled & Grayed Out. 4. No Access (Hidden).

Security (cont.)

View and control the VI front panels remotely from

LabVIEW or from a web browser.

Requires no programming.

Remote clients see “live” front panels updates.

Multiple clients can view the same panel simultaneously.

Only one client can control the front panel at a time.

Remote Front panels

Web Browser LabVIEW

Only the LabVIEW run-time engine and browser plug-in are required on the client machine. The LabVIEW development environment is not required.

The LabVIEW environment and LabVIEW run-time are required. A web browser is not required.

The browser allows connecting to the local program on the same machine as the server. (http://localhost/name of the vi.html).

Connecting to a remote panel from LabVIEW on the same machine as the server is not permitted.

Only the "Operate" menu is available in the browser's remote panel.

Regular LabVIEW menu options are available with certain items disabled.

An HTML file must be created to control remote panel in the web browser. Once the HTML page is created, any changes to the front panel are automatically reflected in the remote panel viewed in the web browser.

An HTML page is not required.

Remote Front panels (cont.)

To notify someone or send data by email programmatically.

LabVIEW has several VIs for sending email. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is a protocol for sending e-mail messages between servers.

Most e-mail systems that send mail over the Internet use SMTP to send messages from one server to another.

E-mail Notification (cont.)

These VIs have options for sending text-only email, email with attachments, and email to multiple recipients.

These VIs require the SMTP server's hostname or IP address

that will be used for sending emails.

E-mail Notification

Hardware

Sharp GP2D12 Infrared Sensor

A distance measuring sensor. It has the features of:-

1. Analog output.2. Effective Range: 10 to 80 cm.3. LED pulse cycle duration: 32 ms.4. Detection area diameter @ 80 cm: 6 cm

Sensors

Temperature Sensor LM35

• An integrated circuit sensor that can be used to measure temperature.

• It measures temperature more accurately than a using a thermistor and thermocouples .

• Temperature ( oC) = Vout * (100 oC/V)

Sensors

Light Dependent Resistors LDR

• A device used in light-measuring or light-sensing.

• has a resistance decreases as illumination increases.

• LDRs have a resistance in total:- in darkness of 1 MΩ. in bright light (1) 10 - 20kΩ @ 10 lux.

(2) 2 - 4k Ω @ 100 lux.

Sensors

Humidity Sensor

A simple sensor which measures humidity of the weather.

Sensors

Moisture Scale

• It is the device that measures the average moisture of the soil.

• It consists of:- 1. source of constant voltage 2. constant resistance 3. variable resistance (soil).

Hardware (Cont.)

Valves• The valve need 220V AC source to work.

Pump• The pump we use works at 12V DC.

Hardware

• Data acquisition is the process of gathering information from analog and digital measurement sources such as sensors.

• Use DAQ 6024E from NI.• 16 channels of analog input.• 2 channels of analog output.• 68-pin connector .• 8 lines of digital I/O.

Data Acquisition Card

• We have 5 analog signals as show below:-

Input Description Analog ChannelChannel Pin

Number

Moisture sensor Analog value ACH0 68

Humidity sensor Analog value ACH1 33

Level sensor Analog value ACH2 65

LDR sensor Analog value ACH4 28

Temperature sensor

Analog value ACH5 60

----------- ----------- AIGIND 64

Analog Signals

• We have used 4 digital signals as show below:-

Output Description Digital ChannelChannel Pin Number

Pump Digital value DIO 0 52

Fan Digital value DIO 4 19

Valve#1 Digital value DIO 6 16

Valve#2 Digital value DIO 7 48

---------------- ---------------- DGND 44

Digital Signals

Software

Sending SMS in addition to emails when an alarm happens.

The designed system is a ON-OF system but can very well be extended to a PID system.

Using more developed devices such us PLCs.

Future Work

Conclusion

We build an automated greenhouse using LabVIEW DSC module 8.0.

LabVIEW 8.0 introduces HMI tool with an attractive user interface so entire greenhouse operation will be monitored.

The system supervise and control the irrigation, fertigation, temperatures, and humidity levels for optimum plant growth.

The system is provided by an alarm and datalogging system.

So SCADA is a modern technology which saves time and money by eliminating the need for service personnel to visit each site for inspection.

Have a nice crop!