data perkerasan mf82

8/12/2019 Data Perkerasan MF82

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7.A1.1

PAVEMENT DATAGeneral Information

A brief description of the pavement charts which follow will be helpfut in their use for airportplanning. Each airplane configuration is depicted with a minimum range of four loads imposed onthe main landing gear to aid in interpolation between the discrete values shown. All curves areplotted at const4nt specified tire pressure at the highest certified weight for each model.Subsection 7.2 presents basic data on the landing gear footprint configuration, tire sizes, and tirepressures. The pressure for less than at maximum weight rnay be determjned from the chart in Sub-section 7 .2,l.Subsection ?.3 lists maximum vertical and horizontal pavement loads at the tire ground interfacesfor certain critical conditions.Subsection 7.4 provides a chart which shows static loads imposed on the main landing gear strufsfor the operational limits of the airplane. These main landing gear loads are used for the interpreta-tion of the pavement design charts which follow.Subsection 7.5 presents a pavement requirement chart for flexible pavements. Flexible pavementdesign curves are based upon the format and procedures set forth in Instruction Report No. S-7?-1,"hocedures for Development of CBR Design Curves," published in June 1977 by the U.S. ArmyEngineer Waterways Experiment Station, Soils and Pavements Laboratory, Vicksburg, Mississippi.

The following procedure is used to develop the flexible payements curves.l. Having e'stablished the scale for pavement depth at the bottom and the scale for CBR at thetop, an arbitrary line is drawn lepresenting 6,000 annual departures.?. Values of the aircraft gross weight are then plotted.3. Additional annual departure lines are then drawn based on the load lines of theaircraftgrossweights already established.4' An additional lins represonting 10,0@ coveragps (used to calculats the flexible-pavernentAirffaft Classification Number) is also placed.Subsection 7.6 consists of LCN conversion curves for flexible pavements. These LCN curves havebeen plotted using procedures and curves in the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)Aerodrome Design Manual, Part 3 Pavements, Document 9157-AN/901, g77. Oa the same chartsare plots of equivalent singte wheel load verus payement thicknes.

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S-ubsection 7 .7 provides rigid paveme4t design curyes prepared with the use of the westergaardEquations in general accordance with the relationships outiined in the 1955 edition of ..Design ofconcrete Airport Pavement" published by the Portiand cement Association, 33 w. Grand ive.,Chicago,Iilinois, but modified fo the 4ew format described in the 1968 portland Cement Associa-lion publication, " Computer Program for Airport Pavement Design" by Robert G. packard. Thefollowing procedure is used to develop the rigid pavement design curves.l. Having established the scale for pavement thickness to the left and the scale for allowableworking stress to the right, an gbitrary load line is drawn representing the main landinggear maximum weight to be shown.2- All values of the subgrade moduluq (K-values) are then plotted using the maximum load line. asshown.3. Additional load lines for the incrpmental value of weight on the main landinggear are then'established on the basis of the curvp for K = 300 pcl, already established.Subsection 7-8 presents LCN conversiop curves for rigid pavements. These curyes harre been plottedusing procedures and curves in the In{ernational Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) AerodromeDesigrr Manual, Part 3 Pavements, Document 915?-AN/901, lg77 . On the same charts are plots ofequivalent single wheel load Yersus radius of relative stiffness. The LCN requirements are based onthe condition of center of slab loadfrg. Radius of relative stiffness values are obtained fromSubsection 7.8.1 .Subsection 7.9 provides ACN data prelared according to the ACN-rcN system described in Aero-dromes, Annex l4 to the convention on International civil Aviation-ACN-PCN provides a standardized international airplane/pavement rating system replacing thevarious S, T, TT, LCN, ALIW, ISWL, tc., rating systerns used throughout the world. ACN is theAircraft Classification Number and PCN is the corresponding Pavement Classification Number.An aircraff having an ACN equal to or Iess than the PCN can operate without restriction on thepavement. Numerically, the ACN is twe times the derived single wheel load expressed in thousandsof kilograms, whete the derived single yheet load is defined as the load on a single tire inflated tol'25 MPa (lB1 psi) that would have thg same pavement requirements as the aircraft. Computation-ally, the ACN-PCN system uses PCA fogram PDILB for rigid pavements and S-77-l for flexiblepavements to calculate ACN values. The method of payement evaluation is the responsibility ofthe airport '.,*ith the results of their evalgation presented as follows:

REPOnT EXAiTPLE: FCN 8O/B/E/WT

T]RE PRESSUFCAlEGORY{BEARING STRENGTH FORUNRESTRICTED OPERATIONSI HIGHlK - IsOMN/M3)oRGBR = 16%l

MEDIUM{K - SO MH'M3}OR CBR = 1O%)rOW(K = 4OMNIMSIOF CBR = 6%lULTRA LOW(K = 20MN/M3}OR CBF = 3961

HIGH(NO LIMIT}MEDIUM(LIMITEO TO1.5 MPalLOW{LIMITED TO1.O MPalVRY LOI{(LIMITED TOO-5 MPa'

TECHNICALUSING AIRCRAFT

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MODEL MDO SERIES-81 2.,88 :r' 87 87'

MAXIMUM BAMPWEIGHT 141,000 L8{63,911 KG} 150,5fi) L8{08.254 KG} l8t,(n0 LB{73,016 KG) r4r,mo LB(63p46 KS) 150,500 LB{68:54 KG}PEf,CFNT OF WEIGHTON MAIN GEAR SEE SUBSECTION 7.4NOSE TIRE SIZE 26 x 6.6wPE Vll 26 x 6.6TYPE VII 26 x 6.6TYPE VII 26 x 6.6TYPEVII 26 x 6.8TYPS VIINOSE TIRE PRESSURE 155 PSr(10.9 KG/CMz) 1 55 PSI{10.9 KG/CM2} 170 PSI{12.0 KC/CM?I 192 PSI(13.5 KG/CM2} r92 PSItl35 KG/CM2}MAIN GEAR TIRE SIZE H.l4.5x 16.5-?024PR H 44.5 x 16.5 - 20MPB H 44,5 x 16.5 r 2O28 PR H44.5x165*2t)24 PR H 445 x t6-5 - 2026 PRMAIN GgAfi TIREPRESSUBE 170 PSr{12.O KG/CM2}

r84 PSI{12-9 KG/Cm2)

1S5 PSI{r3.7 KGlCMzl

t70 Psr ^{12.0 KG/CM4t84 PSI

112.s KG/CM2)MAIN GEAR TIRE INFLATIONS INCLUDE A 7 PERCENT MARGIN FOR IMPROVEDSAFETY (DOUGLAS POLICY}.

"WITH FUSELAGE AUXILIARY FUEL TANKS

28.125 rN. {71.4ALL MODELS

72 FT 5.1 lN.{22.08 Ml 20 FT 4.8 tN. {6.22 M}14 tN.(35.6 CM)ALL MODELSMDl, 2, 3 AND 8

62F-t 11.1 lN.(19.r8 MlMD.87

7.2 Fo0rPnrllrilODEL IID.8(l SERIES

FT 8.2 rN. (5.09 M)ALL MODELS

{REF}ALL MODELS

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LEGEND: VruC - MAXIMUM VERTICAL NOSE GEAR GROUND LOAD AT MOST FORWARD C.G.V"6 =MAXIMUM VERTTCAL MA|N GEAR GROUNO LOAD AT MOST AFT C.c.H = MAXIMUM HORIZONTAL GROUND LOAD FROM BRAKINGNOTE: ALL LOADS CALCULATED USTNGAIRPLANE MAXIMUM GROSS WEIGHT

"IO FT/SEC2 DECELERATION DUE ONLY TO BRAKING.WITH FUSELAGE AUXILIARY FUEL TANKs7.3 t[AXtHU*f PtUEtEilT I0ADSiloDEL nD-t0 sEnEs

G ftl'oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo{ffifooooooooo. flt,t;- i-j-1 i--l G";-j

MODELMD.8OMAXIMUMGROSST'TEIGHT

vilc FoBWARD CGvilc PERSTRUT 12}AFT CG H PER STRUT 12}

STATIC STEADVBRAKINGI STATICIT{STANTANEOUSBRAKING (COEFFoF FR|CT|ON 0.81 STEADYBRAKI'tIG*

LB LB KG LB KG LB KG LB KG LB KG-81

.82, 8-f, *'-877**

141,000r50,500.t61,0(E141,000r50,500

12,6913,40015,10014,89616,026

5,7316,0796,8506,7577,269

17,73618,36520,30019,8752A]78

8,0458,3319,2109,O159,153

67,40571,53876,28066,8137r,310

30,57432,45334,[email protected],U6

49,37082,#755,95048,63751,M4

22,39423,75625,39)22,01623,335

21,99423,37025,ofl'21,64823147

9,932r0,601t1,3/m9/81910,rt81

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NOTE: UNSHADED AREAS REPRESENT OPERATIONAL LIMITS%MACo 5 10152026303540

.120

TOTALWEIGHTTWOMAINLANDINGGEARS{1,000 L8}

AIRPLA{VGROSSWEIGHT(1.000POUNDS)

90PERCENT WEIGHT ON MAIN GEAR

7.4 LAT{DI]IG GEAN IOADIIIG OT PITEITETTt0Dtt til0-81, 82, {3, lllD {E7

7g

60

50

40

30

20

AIRPLANEGROSSWEIGHT(1,cx)oKG}


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NOTE: UNSHADED AREAS REPRESENT oPERATIONAL LtMITs%MACo 5 10 r5202530364{tffi

TOTALWEIGHTTWOMAINL.ANDJNGGEARS(r,000 LBI

AIRPLANEGROSSWEIGHT(1,000FOUHDSI

PERCENT WEIG}IT ON MAIN GEAR1,I/ITH FUSELAGE AUXTLIARY FUEL TANKS7.{ IAIIDITIS GEM TOADIIIG OtI PAUEMEilTr0Dtt tD{7

7-7

AIRPLANEGROSSWE GHT(1,(mKG}


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7 .5 Flexible-Pavement Requirernents - u.s. Army corps of Engineers Method (s-72_l )The flexible-pavement design chart is prepared for standard-pressure tires. This chart presents datafor incremental maingear yeights as well as the rhaximum ramp weight of each rnodel.In the example shown for the MD-80 series, for a cBR of 7.0 and an annual departure level of,6'000, the required flexible-pavernent tfrickness for an airplane with a main gear loading of 100,000pounds is24.0 inches-The line showing IO,OOO ooverages is.,sed for ACN calculations.

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MAIN;LANDING GEARLB {KG)rSt.eoo t68,600):143p00 t64Boo)t35.mo {61,200)r20,0fi) (54,400)'r00,000 (45,400)80,000 (36,300){USED FOR ACN

*20-YEAR PAVEMENT LIFE

H44.5 x t6.5-20 TTRESTIRE PRESSURE RANGE: 170 TO tgs PSIMAXIMUM POSSIBLE MAIN GEAR LOAD ATMAXIMUM RAMP WEIGHT AND AFT C.G.

CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO {CBR)7 8 910 15 20 25 30

{rtrr.) 3 5 6 7 I910(cM) 10 15 2A 25 30 40 50 60 80 100 120

FLEXI BLE PAVEM ENT TH ICKN ESS"*WITH FUSELAGE AUXILTARY FUEL TANKS

7.5 FrErtBrE PAYH,IEITT RtQUIREilEtfIS - U.S. Anlrr CoRPS 0r EnGNEEnSDESIGil ilETHOD (S.77.I} - lilODEL MD.t{} SERIES7


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7.6 Flexible PaverRent Requirements, LCN ConversionIn order to determine the airplane weight that can be accommodated on a particular flexible air-port pavement, both the LCN of the pavement and the thickness (h) of the pavement must beknown.In the example for the Model MD-82, the flexible pavement thickness is 30 inches and the LCN is74. For these conditions, the weight on the main landing gear is 120,000 pounds.Note: If the resultant aircxaft LCN is not more than 10 percent above the published pavementLCN, it is the United Kingdom's view that the bearing strength of the pavement can be consideredsufficient for unlimited use by the airplane. The figure of l0 percent has besn chossn as repre-senting the lowest degree of variation in LCN which is significant. (Reference: ICAO AerodromeDesign Manual, Part 3 Pavements, Document 915?.AN/901,lg77 Edition.)

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7-7 Rigid Pavement Requirements, Portland cement Association Design MethodIn order to determine the airplane weight that can be accommodated on a'particular rigid pave-ment, the thickness of the pavemenl, the subgrade modulus (k) and the allowable working stressmust be known.In the example for the MD-80 Series, the rigid pavement thickness is 12 inches, the subgrade modu-lus is 150, and the allowable working stress is 400 psi. For these conditions, the weight on thelanding gear is l27,OOO pounds.

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.H44.5 x 16.5-20 TIRESTIRE PRESSURE RANGE 170 TO 195 PSI

MAXIMUM POSSIBLE MAIN GEARLOAD AT MAXIMUM R.AMP WEIGHTAND AFT CENTER OF GRAVITYWEIGHT ON MAIN LANDING GEAR(sEE SUBSECTTON 7.41LB (KGI

151,?00143,000r35,000130,000120,000110,000r00,@o90,000

164,g(nl(61

80,{n0 {36,300)

PSI900

KG/CM2-l-

T. r.ulsTE-l-

=

"f"f

20

16t68,900)(54,400)(4e,900)|.45,400l.{40,900}

700 Qanu,EFU'ozvfco=lJJcoEMew3 oJJ

NOTE: THE VALUES OBTAINED BY USING THEMAXIMUM LOAD REFERENCE LINE ANOANY VALUE OF K ARE EXACT. FOR. LOADS LESS THAN MAXIMUM, THE CURVESARE EXACT FOB k * 3{n BUT DEVIATESLIGHTLY FOR OTHER VALUES OF K.

400

REFERENCES: "DESIGN OF CONCRETE ATRPOFTPAVEMENT'' ANO "COMPUTERPROGRAM FOR .AI RPORT PAVEMENTOESIGN - PROGRAM PDILB,"PORTLAND CEMENT ASSN.

10

"WITH FUSELAGE AUXILIA,RY FUEL TANKS

7.7 RtGtD ptuEt EilT REQUtnEilEilTS, poRltfiilD CEilEilTrssocnTt0fl DEstcil tETfioD - iloDEL ilD.Eo $ERttS

k= 76k=150k=30Ok=550

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7.8 Rigid Pavement Requirements, LCN ConversionIn order to determine the airplane weight that can be accommodated on a particular rigid airportpavement, both the LCN of the pavepent and the radius of relative stiffness must be known.ln the example for the MD-82, the rigid pavement radius of relative stiffness is 26 inches and theLCN is 64. For these conditions, the weight on the main landing gear is I15,500 pounds.The LCN charts use l-values based on Young's Modulus (E) of 4,000,000 psi and Poisson's Ratio(p) of 0.15. For convenience in finding l-values based on other values of E and;r, the curves in'1.8-7 are included. For example, to find an l-value based on an E of 3,000,000 psithe "E" factorof 0.931 is multiplied by the 9-value found in Table 7.8. t . The effect of variations of "p" on the9-value is treated in a similar manner.Note: If the resultant aircraft LCN is not more than l0 percent above the published pavementLCN, it is the United Kingdom's view that the bearing strength of the pavement can be consideredsufficient for unlimited use by the airplane. The figure of l0 percent has been chosen as repre-senting the lowest degree of variation irr LCN which is significant. (Reference: ICAO AerodromeDesign Manual, Part 3 Payements, Docurnent 9157-ANl90l,1977 Edition.)

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18/28

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19/28

7.8.1 Radius of Relative Stiffness (Other values of E and [)The table of ?-8.1 presents l-rialues bascd on Young's Modutus (E) of 4,000,000 psi and poisson,sRatio (p) of 0. t5- For conv.enience in ftndrng l-rialues based on other rnatrues of E and p, th curvesof Sectioa 7 -8.2 arc iacluded. For exarlple, to find an l-rnalue based on an E of 3,O00,00O psi, the"E" factor of O.93 I is multiplied by thj *-value found in the table of ?.8.1 . Th effect of variationsof "lt" on the l-value is treated in a similpr manner.

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RADTUS OF RELAT|V STIFFilESS tOVALUSOFt tN tr{C}tESFOfl E - .,(PO,000PS.|.AND F - 0.tS

RADusoFHELATTvEsrrFFNEss - t. atffi.- 2c.r662V rztr-1,2lrdln in. k-60 k-lill k-t6o k-2s k-25o k-30 k-36O k-t{n66.577S88.6g9.8toto.5t1il.5r2r2.5t3r351{ra5f5r55r6r0.5l717.6t8t9202lt232a

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zo-72 rs.50z\.w 20.n?ts,26 21.9921.8 23.1625.70 2it.3l26.90 zAU2&O8 26.5529.2. 2?.66atSs n.7a31.52 29.81&t.64 il)379t.74 3t-s1u.il 34.95s.92 3:19736.99 34.S938.06 35.9038.1t 36.99tflLfs crsTfr.tg 3&$t}21 0.m/8.23 40.88&21 4t.848.24 12.74{6.23 13-712a7.u a4,66/lg.lt .16,516r.u a8.358.Or 50.1354.89 61.91*.75 &3.676E.68 6E.41

I.E.I RIDIUS OF NEMTilE STIFFIIESS(R EFERENCE : PORTLAND CEMENT AS$OCIATIONI

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E FACTOR

1.r0

1.05

r.00

o.95

0.90

0.85

0.80

o

p FACTOR

NOTE: 0BOTH CURVES ON THISPAGE ARE USED TOADJUSTTHE I.VALUES OFTABLE 7.8.1

23E, YOUNG'S MODULUS {106, PSI)

p, POISSON'S RATIO

7 .8.2 EFFECI 0F E lt{D F 0ll I UIIUES

EFFECT OF E ON I.VALUES

EFFECT OF p 0N -VALUES

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7.9 ACN-PCN Reporting System: Flexible and Rigid PavementsTo determine the ACN of an aircraft on flexible or rigid pavement, both the airraft grossweight and the subgrade strength category must be known. The examples show that for anairsaft gross weight of 130,000 pounds and low subgrade strength, the ACN for flexiblepavement is 39 and the ACN for rigid pavement for the same gross weight is 41.Note: An aircraft with an ACN equal to or less than the reported PCN can operate on thepavement subject to any limitations on the tire pressure.

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data perkerasan mf82

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