c lab programs

C Lab Programs

By Tapasya Gutha in Gitam cse b · Edit Doc

1. Write a program, to read X,Y coordinates of three points and then calculate the area of the triangle formed by them and print the coordinates of the three points and the area of the triangle. What will be the output from your program if the three given points are in a straight line?

VARIABLES USED:

Variable name datatype purpose

x1,x2,x3,y1,y2,y3 float coordinates of three points

area float to store area of the triangle

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

#include<math.h>

main()

{

float x1,x2,x3,y1,y2,y3;

float area;

printf("Enter the coordinates x1,y1\n");

scanf("%f%f",&x1,&y1);



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area=0.5*(fabs(x1*(y2-y3)+x2*(y3-y1)+x3*(y1-y2)));

printf("the coordinates (x1,y1) are %f,%f\n",x1,y1);



printf("area of the triangle is %f",area);

if(area= =0)

printf("\nthree given points are in the straight line");

getch();

}

OUTPUT:

Enter the coordinates x1,y1

9 6


3 5


1 2

the coordinates (x1,y1) are 9.000000,6.000000



area=abs(0.5*((x1*y2+x2*y3+x3*y1)-(y1*x2+y2*x3+y3*x1)));

2. Write a program to find the roots of a quadratic equation using if else and switch statements.

VARIABLES USED:


a,b,c float coefficients of Quadratic equation

D float to store determinant

r1,r2 float to store real roots

a1,a2 float to store imaginary roots

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

#include<math.h>

main( )

{

float a,b,c,D,r1,r2,a1,a2;

int value;

printf("Enter the values of a,b,c");

scanf("%f%f%f",&a,&b,&c);

if(a==0)

{

printf("It is not a quadratic equation");

}

else

{

D=(b*b)-(4*a*c);

if(D>0)

value=1;

else if(D<0)

value=2;

else

value=3;

switch(value)

{

case 1: printf("\nThe roots are real and distinct:");

r1=(-b+sqrt(D))/(2*a);

r2=(-b-sqrt(D))/(2*a);

printf("\nThe roots are:r1=%f\t r2=%f",r1,r2);

break;

case 2:printf("\nThe roots are imaginary and distinct:");

a1=(-b)/(2*a);

a2= (sqrt(fabs(D)))/(2*a);

printf("\nThe roots are r1=%f+i%f \t r2=%f-

i%f",a1,a2,a1,a2);

break;

case 3:printf("\nThe roots are real and same:");

r1=r2=(-b)/(2*a);

printf("\nThe roots are r1=%f \t r2=%f",r1,r2);

break;

}

}

getch();

}

OUTPUT:

Enter the values of a,b,c1 5 6

The roots are real and distinct

The roots are:r1=-2.000000 r2=-3.000000

3. Write a program which generates one hundred random integers in the range of 1 to 100, store them in an array and then prints the average. Write three versions of the program using different loop constructs(e.g., for, while and do while)

VARIABLES USED:

Variable name data purpose

i int to repeat loops

a[100] int to store random numbers

total int to find total of 100 random numbers

PROGRAM:

//Using for loop:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

#include <time.h>

void main()

{

int i,a[100],total=0;

randomize();

printf("\n Hundred random numbers between 1 and 100 are \n");

for(i=0;i<100;i++)

{

a[i]=random(100)+1;

printf("%d\t",a[i]);

total=total+a[i];

}

printf("the average of 100 random numbers is %d ",total/100);

}

//Using while loop:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

#include <time.h>

void main()

{

int i=0,a[100],total=0;

randomize();


while(i<100)

{

a[i]=random(100)+1;


total=total+a[i];

i++;

}


}

//Using do-while loop:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

#include <time.h>

void main()

{

int i=0,a[100],total=0;

randomize();


do

{

a[i]=random(100)+1;


total=total+a[i];

i++;

}while(i<100);


}

OUTPUT:

Hundred random numbers between 1 and 100 are

95 82 73 12 91 75 100 11 2 45

76 13 1 81 9 69 9 6 9 51

42 50 87 32 57 26 86 20 96 76

45 61 85 36 85 47 76 83 30 80

73 33 38 100 57 29 57 42 42 97

93 20 61 22 96 14 32 5 39 56

5 55 26 74 25 76 82 90 50 33

53 14 39 20 199 45 3 52 82 60

91 56 43 68 96 40 64 10 6 80

16 12 45 52 91 72 5 55 2 94

the average of 100 random numbers is 49

4. Write a program for multiplication of square matrices

VARIABLES USED:


x[ ],y[ ] int to store given matrices elements

z[ ] int to store result matrix elements

i,j,k int to repeat loops

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

void main( )

{ void multi(int x[2][2],int y[2][2]);

int x[2][2], y[2][2], i, j;

printf("enter 4 elements in x :");

for(i=0; i<2; i++)

for(j=0; j<2; j++)

scanf("%d",&x[i][j]);

printf("enter 4 elements in y :");

for(i=0; i<2; i++)

for(j=0; j<2; j++)

scanf("%d",&y[i][j]);

multi(x,y);

getch();

}

void multi(int x[2][2],int y[2][2])

{ int i,j,z[2][2],k;

for(i=0;i<2;i++)

{

for(j=0;j<2;j++)

{

z[i][j] =0;

for(k=0; k<2;k++)

z[i][j] = z[i][j] + x[i][k] * y[k][j];

}

}

printf("\n Elements in x matrix : \n");

for(i=0;i<2;i++)

{ for(j=0;j<2;j++)

printf("%d\t",x[i][j]);

printf("\n");

}

printf("\n Elements in y matrix : \n");

for(i=0;i<2;i++)

{ for(j=0;j<2;j++)

printf("%d\t",y[i][j]);

printf("\n");

}

printf("\n Elements in z matrix : \n");

for(i=0;i<2;i++)

{ for(j=0;j<2;j++)

printf("%d\t",z[i][j]);

printf("\n");

}

}

OUTPUT:

Enter the 4 elements in x: 1 1 1 1

Enter the 4 elements in x: 1 1 1 1

Elements in x matrix:

1 1

1 1

Elements in y matrix:

1 1

1 1

Elements in z matrix:

2 2

2 2

5. Write a program to find maximum and minimum elements with their positions in a given array and then sort the above array.

VARIABLES USED:


x[ ] int to store result matrix elements

i,j int to repeat loops

t int temporary variable

max,min int to store max and min values

maxpos,minpos int to store max and min positions

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

main()

{ int x[5],i,j,t,max,min,maxpos,minpos;

printf("enter 5 elements");

for(i=0;i<=4;i++)

scanf("%d",&x[i]);

max=min=x[0];

for(i=1;i<=4;i++)

{

if(x[i]>max)

{

max=x[i];

maxpos=i;

}

if(x[i]<min)

{

min=x[i];

minpos=i;

}

}

printf("max=%d is found at %d\n min=%d is found at %d",max,maxpos,min,minpos);

printf("\n before sorting elements:");

for(i=0;i<=4;i++)

printf("%d\t",x[i]);

for(i=0;i<=3;i++)

{

for(j=i+1;j<=4;j++)

{

if(x[i]>x[j])

{

t=x[i];

x[i]=x[j];

x[j]=t;

}

}

}

printf("\n after sorting elements:");

for(i=0;i<=4;i++)

printf("%d\t",x[i]);

getch();

}

OUTPUT:

Enter 5 elements:3 1 8 9 4

Max=9 is found at 3

Min=1 is found at 1

Before sorting elements:3 1 8 9 4

After sorting elements:1 3 4 8 9

6.Write a program to insert an element into an array

VARIABLES USED:


a[10] int to store the array

n int size of the array

i int to repeat the loop

item int new item to be inserted

pos int to store the position

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

void main()

{

int a[10],i,n,pos,item;

printf("Enter how many values u want:");

scanf("%d",&n);

printf("Enter %d elements into array a:\n",n);

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

{

scanf("%d",&a[i]);

}

printf("Enter which element u want to insert:");

scanf("%d",&item);

printf("Enter position for that element:");

scanf("%d",&pos);

for(i=n;i>=pos;i--)

{

a[i]=a[i-1];

}

a[pos-1]=item;

printf("\nAfter insertion the array elements are:");

for(i=0;i<=n;i++)

printf(" %d ",a[i]);

getch();

}

OUTPUT:

Enter how many values u want:5

Enter 5 elements into array a:12 4 8 45 89

Enter which element u want to insert:43

Enter position for that element:3

After insertion the array elements are: 12 4 43 8 45 89

7.Write a function for transposing a square matrix in place.(in place means that you are not allowed to have full temporary matrix)

VARIABLES USED:


a[10][10] int to store the matrix

m,n int to store the order of the matrix

i,j int to repeat the loops

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

main()

{ int a[10][10],m,n,i,j;

void trans(int a[10][10],int,int);

printf("Enter Order of Matrix A:\n");

scanf("%d %d",&m,&n);

if(m= =n)

{

printf("Enter The Elements into Matrix A:\n");

for(i=0;i<m;i++)

for(j=0;j<n;j++)

scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);

trans(a,m,n);

}

else

printf("Not a Square Matrix");

getch();

}

void trans(int a[10][10],int m,int n)

{

int i,j;

printf("The Transpose of Matrix A is:\n");

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

{

for(j=0;j<m;j++)

printf("%3d",a[j][i]);

printf("\n");

}

getch();

}

OUTPUT:

Enter Order of Matrix A:3 3

Enter The Elements into Matrix A:1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

The Transpose of Matrix A is:

1 4 7

2 5 8

3 6 9

8.Write a program to print Fibonacci series using functions.

VARIABLES USED:


n int to store given terms

fib1,fib2 int to store first,second temporary numbers

fib int to store fibonacci number

i int to repeat while loop

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

void fibo(int, int, int);

void main ( )

{

int fib1=0, fib2=1, n;

printf("\n\t Enter number of terms - ") ;

scanf("%d",&n);

fibo(fib1,fib2,n);

getch () ;

}

void fibo(int fib1, int fib2,int n)

{ int i=1,fib;

/* generation of Fibonacci series */

do

{

printf("\t %d",fib1);

fib=fib1+fib2;

fib1=fib2 ;

fib2=fib;

i++;

} while (i<=n) ;

}

OUTPUT:

enter n:5

0 1 1 2 3

9.Write a program to find the factorial of a given number using recursion.

VARIABLES USED:


n int given number

f int to store factorial

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

void main( )

{

int fact(int n);

int n, f;

printf(“enter n :”);

scanf(“%d”,&n);

f = fact(n);

printf(“factorial of the given no. is :%d”,f);

getch( );

}

int fact(int n)

{

int f;

if(n = =0)

return(1);

else

if(n = =1)

return(1);

else

f = n * fact(n-1);

return(f);

}

OUTPUT:

enter n : 5

factorial of the given no. is : 120

10.Write a program to find ncr " using non recursive function while finding the factorial value using recursion.

VARIABLES USED:


n,r int to find the ncr

result int to store the result

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

int fact(int);

main()

{

float ncr(int,int);

int n,r;

printf("Enter n and r values for ncr:");

scanf("%d%d",&n,&r);

if(n<r)

printf("ncr is not possible");

else

printf("%dC%d is %.2f",n,r,ncr(n,r));

getch();

}

float ncr(int n,int r)

{

float result;

result=(float)fact(n)/(fact(n-r)*fact(r));

return (result);

}

int fact(int n)

{

int f;

if((n==0)||(n==1))

return 1;

else

f=n*fact(n-1);

return f;

}

OUTPUT:

Enter n and r values for ncr:5 3

5C3 is 10.00

11.Write a program to find whether given string is palindrome or not without using string functions.

VARIABLES USED:


a[50],b[50] char to store the strings

length int string length

i,j int to repeat the loops

flag int to check for true or false

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

main()

{

char a[50],b[50];

int length=0,i=0,j=0,flag;

printf("Enter The String:");

scanf("%s",a);

while(a[i]!='\0')

{

i++;

}

length=i;

printf("String Length is:%d",length);

for(i=length-1;i>=0;i--)

{

b[j]=a[i];

j++;

}

b[j]='\0';

for(i=0;i<length;i++)

{

if(b[i]==a[i])

flag=0;

else

{

flag=1;

break;

}

}

if(flag==0)

printf("\nThe String is Palindrome");

else

printf("\nThe String is Not Palindrome");

printf("\nThe Reverse String of %s is %s",a,b);

getch();

}

OUTPUT:

Enter The String:madam

String Length is:5

The String is Palindrome

The Reverse String of madam is madam

12.Given an array of strings write a program to sort the string in dictionary order.

VARIABLES USED:


s[ 5][20],t[15] char array to store strings

i,j,n int to repeat loop

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<string.h>

void main()

{

char s[5][20],t[15];

int i,j,n;

printf("how many strings do you want to sort?");

scanf("%d",&n);

printf("\nenter the strings");

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

scanf("%s",s[i]);

for(i=1;i<n;i++)

{

for(j=1;j<n;j++)

{

if(strcmp(s[j-1],s[j])>0)

{

strcpy(t,s[j-1]);

strcpy(s[j-1],s[j]);

strcpy(s[j],t);

}

}

}

printf("the sorted strings are:\n");

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

printf("\n %s",s[i]);

}

OUTPUT:

how many strings do you want to sort?5

enter the strings Visakhapatnam

Vijayawada

Hyderabad

Guntur

Tirupati

The sorted strings are:

Guntur

Hyderabad

Tirupati

Vijayawada

Visakhapatnam

13.Develop a program to implement a structure to read and display the Name, Birthdate and salary of ten employers.

VARIABLES USED:


name[20] char to store the name

day,month,year,salary int to store the employee details

i int to repeat the loop

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

struct employee

{

char name[20];

int day,month,year,salary;

};

main()

{

int i;

struct employee e[10];

for(i=0;i<10;i++)

{

printf("enter %d employee name:",i+1);

scanf("%s",e[i].name);

printf("enter %d employee birthdate(dd-mm-yyyy):",i+1);

scanf("%d-%d-%d",&e[i].day,&e[i].month,&e[i].year);

printf("enter %d employee salary:",i+1);

scanf("%d",&e[i].salary);

}

for(i=0;i<10;i++)

printf("\n%s employee birthdate is %d-%d-%d and his or her salary is %d",e[i].name,e[i].day,e[i].month,e[i].year,e[i].salary);

getch();

}

OUTPUT:

enter 1 employee name: aaaa

enter 1 employee birthdate(dd-mm-yyyy): 1-1-2000

enter 1 employee salary: 1000

enter 2 employee name: bbbb



enter 3 employee name: cccc



enter 4 employee name: dddd



enter 5 employee name: eeee



enter 6 employee name: ffff



enter 7 employee name: gggg



enter 8 employee name: hhhh



enter 9 employee name: iiii



enter 10 employee name: jjjj



aaaa employee birthdate is 1-1-2000 and his or her salary is 1000

bbbb employee birthdate is 1-2-2000 and his or her salary is 2000

cccc employee birthdate is 1-3-2000 and his or her salary is 3000

dddd employee birthdate is 1-4-2000 and his or her salary is 4000

eeee employee birthdate is 1-5-2000 and his or her salary is 5000

ffff employee birthdate is 1-6-2000 and his or her salary is 6000

gggg employee birthdate is 1-7-2000 and his or her salary is 7000

hhhh employee birthdate is 1-8-2000 and his or her salary is 8000

iiii employee birthdate is 1-9-2000 and his or her salary is 9000

jjjj employee birthdate is 1-10-2000 and his or her salary is 10000

14.Develop a program to display the Name, Marks in five subjects and total marks of ten students. (Using array of structures)

VARIABLES USED:


name[20] char student name

i int to repeat loop

Sub1,sub2,sub3,sub3,sub4,sub5 int five subject marks

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

main()

{

struct student

{

char name[20];

int sub1,sub2,sub3,sub4,sub5,total;

}student[10];

int i;

for(i=0;i<=9;i++)

{

printf("enter %d student name and marks in 5 subjects:\n",i+1);

scanf("%s%d%d%d%d%d",student[i].name,&student[i].sub1,&student[i].sub2,&student[i].sub3,&student[i].sub4,&student[i].sub5);

student[i].total=student[i].sub1+student[i].sub2+student[i].sub3+student[i].sub4+student[i].sub5;

}

printf("\n\t\tThe Student Details");

printf("\n\t\t-------------------------");

for(i=0;i<=9;i++)

{

printf("\n\t\tname --- sub1 sub2 sub3 sub4 sub5 total\n");

printf("\t\t%s --- %d %d %d %d %d %d\n",student[i].name,student[i].sub1,student[i].sub2,student[i].sub3,student[i].sub4,student[i].sub5,student[i].total);

}

getch();

}

OUTPUT:

enter 1 student name and marks in 5 subjects:aaa 10 10 10 10 10

enter 2 student name and marks in 5 subjects:bbb 20 20 20 20 20

enter 3 student name and marks in 5 subjects:ccc 30 30 30 30 30

enter 4 student name and marks in 5 subjects:ddd 40 40 40 40 40

enter 5 student name and marks in 5 subjects:eee 50 50 50 50 50

enter 6 student name and marks in 5 subjects:fff 60 60 60 60 60

enter 7 student name and marks in 5 subjects:ggg 70 70 70 70 70

enter 8 student name and marks in 5 subjects:hhh 80 80 80 80 80

enter 9 student name and marks in 5 subjects:iii 90 90 90 90 90

enter 10 student name and marks in 5 subjects:jjj 100 100 100 100 100

The Student Details

-------------------------

name --- sub1 sub2 sub3 sub4 sub5 total

aaa --- 10 10 10 10 10 10

bbb --- 20 20 20 20 20 20

ccc --- 30 30 30 30 30 30

ddd --- 40 40 40 40 40 40

eee --- 50 50 50 50 50 50

fff --- 60 60 60 60 60 60

ggg --- 70 70 70 70 70 70

hhh --- 80 80 80 80 80 80

iii --- 90 90 90 90 90 90

jjj --- 100 100 100 100 100 100

15.Develop a program to read and write to a file

VARIABLES USED:


*f1 FILE file pointer

c char to read and write character

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

main()

{

FILE *f1;

char c;

printf("Data Input\n");

f1=fopen("INPUT","w");

while((c=getchar())!=EOF)

putc(c,f1);

fclose(f1);

printf("\n Data Output\n\n");

f1=fopen("INPUT","r");

while((c=getc(f1))!=EOF)

printf("%c",c);

fclose(f1);

}

OUTPUT:

Data Input

Good morning ctrl+z

Data Output

Good morning

16.Develop a program to create and count number of characters in a file

VARIABLES USED:


c int to store the character

co int to count the characters

fp FILE file pointer

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

void main()

{

FILE *fp;

int c,co=0;

printf("Enter the chars:\n");

printf("Press ctrl+Z to stop entry\n");

fp=fopen("enter.txt","w");

while((c=getchar())!=EOF)

fputc(c,fp);

fclose(fp);

printf("\n");

fp=fopen("enter.txt","r");

while((c=fgetc(fp))!=EOF)

{

printf("%c",(char)c);

++co;

}

fclose(fp);

printf("\nThe no of chars in the file are %d",co);

getch();

}

OUTPUT:

Enter the chars:

Press ctrl+Z to stop entry

Gitam University

Gitam University

The no of chars in the file are 17

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