atm machin

8/11/2019 ATM Machin

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How Do ATMs Work An ATM is simply a data terminal with two input and four output devices. Like any other data terminal, the

ATM has to connect to, and communicate through, a host processor . The host processor is analogous toan Internet service provider (IS ! in that it is the gateway through which all the various ATM networks

"ecome availa"le to the cardholder (the person wanting the cash!.

Most host processors can support either leased-line or dial-up machines. Leased#line machines connectdirectly to the host processor through a four#wire, point#to#point, dedicated telephone line. $ial#up ATMsconnect to the host processor through a normal phone line using a modem and a toll#free num"er, orthrough an Internet service provider using a local access num"er dialed "y modem.Leased#line ATMs are preferred for very high#volume locations "ecause of their thru-put capa"ility, and dial#up ATMs are preferred for retail merchant locations where cost is a greater factor than thru#put. The initialcost for a dial#up machine is less than half that for a leased#line machine. The monthly operating costs fordial#up are only a fraction of the costs for leased#line.

Parts of the Machine%ou&re pro"a"ly one of the millions who has used an ATM. As you know, an ATM has two input devices'

Card reader # The card reader captures the account information stored on the magnetic stripe onthe "ack of an ATM de"it or credit card . The host processor uses this information to route the transaction tothe cardholder&s "ank.

Keypad # The keypad lets the cardholder tell the "ank what kind of transaction is re)uired (cashwithdrawal, "alance in)uiry, etc.! and for what amount. Also, the "ank re)uires the cardholder&s personalidentification num"er ( PI ! for verification. *ederal law re)uires that the I+ "lock "e sent to the hostprocessor in encrypted form.
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And an ATM has four output devices'

!peaker # The speaker provides the cardholder with auditory feed"ack when a key is pressed.

Display screen # The display screen prompts the cardholder through each step of the transactionprocess. Leased#line machines commonly use a monochrome or color -T (cathode ray tu"e! display. $ial#up machines commonly use a monochrome or color L $ .

"eceipt printer # The receipt printer provides the cardholder with a paper receipt of thetransaction.

Cash dispenser # The heart of an ATM is the safe and cash#dispensing mechanism. The entire"ottom portion of most small ATMs is a safe that contains the cash.

!ensin# $ills The cash#dispensing mechanism has an electric eye that counts each "ill as it e its the dispenser. The "illcount and all of the information pertaining to a particular transaction is recorded in a %ournal . The /ournalinformation is printed out periodically and a hard copy is maintained "y the machine owner for two years.

0henever a cardholder has a dispute a"out a transaction, he or she can ask for a /ournal printout showingthe transaction, and then contact the host processor. If no one is availa"le to provide the /ournal printout, thecardholder needs to notify the "ank or institution that issued the card and fill out a form that will "e fa ed tothe host processor. It is the host processor&s responsi"ility to resolve the dispute.1esides the electric eye that counts each "ill, the cash#dispensing mechanism also has a sensor thatevaluates the thickness of each "ill. If two "ills are stuck together, then instead of "eing dispensed to thecardholder they are diverted to a re%ect &in . The same thing happens with a "ill that is e cessively worn,torn, or folded.
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!ettlement 'unds0hen a cardholder wants to do an ATM transaction, he or sheprovides the necessary information "y means of the card reader andkeypad. The ATM forwards this information to the host processor,which routes the transaction re)uest to the cardholder&s "ank or theinstitution that issued the card. If the cardholder is re)uesting cash,the host processor causes an electronic funds transfer to takeplace from the customer&s "ank account to the host processor&saccount. 3nce the funds are transferred to the host processor&s "ankaccount, the processor sends an appro(al code to the ATMauthori4ing the machine to dispense the cash. The processor then

A 5s the cardholder&s funds into the merchant&s "ank account,usually the ne t "ank "usiness day. In this way, the merchant isreim&ursed for all funds dispensed "y the ATM.

An independent ATM host can access any &ank) It also supports alar#e num&er of ATMs placed with different merchants)

So when you re)uest cash, the money moves electronically from your account to the host&s account to themerchant&s account.

ATM !ecurity ATMs keep your personal identification num"er ( PI ! and other information safe "y using encryption software such as Triple $6S ($ata 6ncryption Standard! . 1ut there are lots of things that you can do toprotect your information and your money at an ATM.Many "anks recommend that you select your own PI . 2isa offers the following I+ tips'

$on&t write down your I+. If you must write it down, do not store it in your wallet or purse.

ACH Transfers7ACH 7 is short for 7automatedclearing house.7 This "ankterminology means that a person

or "usiness is authori4inganother person or "usiness todraft on an account. It iscommon for fitness centers andother "usinesses to A 5 amonthly mem"ership fee frommem"er accounts, and manysmall "usinesses use A 5 fordirect deposit of paychecks.
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Make your I+ a series of letters or num"ers that you can easily remem"er, "ut that cannot easily"e associated with you personally.

Avoid using "irth dates, initials, house num"ers or your phone num"er . 2isa also recommends the following tips for safe ATM usage'

Store your ATM card in your purse or wallet, in an area where it won&t get scratched or "ent. 8et your card out 16*3-6 you approach the ATM. %ou&ll "e more vulnera"le to attack if you&re

standing in front of the ATM, fum"ling through your wallet for your card. Stand directly in front of the ATM keypad when typing in your I+. This prevents anyone waiting to

use the machine from seeing your personal information. After your transaction, take your receipt, card and money away. $o not stand in front of the

machine and count your money. If you are using a drive#up ATM, get your vehicle as close to the machine as possi"le to prevent

anyone from coming up to your window. Also make sure that your doors are locked "efore you drive up tothe machine.

$o not leave your car running while using a walk#up ATM. Take your keys with you and lock thedoors "efore your transaction.

If someone or something makes you uncomforta"le, cancel your transaction and leave the machineimmediately. *ollow up with your "ank to make sure the transaction was cancelled and alert the "ank to anysuspicious people.

Many retail merchants close their store at night. It is strongly recommended that they pull the money out ofthe machine when they close, /ust like they do with their cash registers, and leave the door to the securitycompartment wide open like they do with an empty cash#register drawer. This makes it o"vious to anywould#"e thief that this is not payday.

It*s important to use a well-lit+ pu&lic ATM machine at ni#ht)

*or safety reasons, ATM users should seek out a machine that is located in a well#lighted pu"lic place.

*ederal law re)uires that only the last four digits of the cardholder&s account num"er "e printed on thetransaction receipt so that when a receipt is left at the machine location, the account num&er is secure.5owever, the entry of your four#digit personal identification num&er ( I+! on the keypad should still "eo"scured from o"servation, which can "e done "y positioning your hand and "ody in such a way that theI+ entry cannot "e recorded "y store cameras or store employees. The cardholder&s I+ is not recorded inthe /ournal, "ut the account num"er is. If you protect your I+, you protect your account.
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,our ATM PI should &e a num&er that you can easilyremem&er+ &ut that would not &e readily a(aila&le to thie(es)

How Credit Cards Work

5ave you ever stood "ehind someone in line at the store and watched him shuffle through a stack of whatmust "e at least 9: credit cards; onsumers with this many cards are still in the minority, "ut e perts saythat the ma/ority of percent. Many find it hard to resist using the old 7plastic7 for impulse purchases or"uying things they really can&t afford. The num"ers are striking' In 9???, American consumers charged a"out@9.= trillion on their general#purpose credit cards.In this article we&ll look at the credit card ## how it works "oth financially and technically ## and we&ll offer tipson how to shop for a credit card. (6 perts say this should "e a pro/ect on the scale of shopping for a car loanor mortgage ! 0e&ll also descri"e the different credit#card plans availa"le, talk a"out your credit history andhow that might affect your card options, and discuss how to avoid credit#card fraud ## "oth online and in thereal world.Let&s start at the "eginning. A credit card is a thin plastic card, usually >#9 B inches "y =#9 B inches in si4e,that contains identification information such as a signature or picture, and authori4es the person named on itto charge purchases or services to his account ## charges for which he will "e "illed periodically. Today, theinformation on the card is read "y automated teller machines (ATMs!, store readers, and "ank and Internetcomputers.

According to 6ncyclopedia 1ritannica , the use of credit cards originated in the


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The first uni(ersal credit card ## one that could "e used at a variety of stores and "usinesses ## wasintroduced "y $iners lu", Inc. , in 9?C:. 0ith this system, the credit#card company charged cardholders anannual fee and "illed them on a monthly or yearly "asis. Another ma/or universal card ## 7$on&t leave homewithout it 7 ## was esta"lished in 9?CB "y the American 6 press company.Later came the "ank credit#card system.


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The !tripe on a Credit Card

Illustration "y -osaleah -autert%our card has a magstripe on the "ack and a place for your all#important signature.

The stripe on the "ack of a credit card is a ma#netic stripe , often called a ma#stripe . The magstripe ismade up of tiny iron#"ased magnetic particles in a plastic#like film. 6ach particle is really a tiny &ar ma#net

a"out =:#millionths of an inch long.The magstripe can "e 7 written 7 "ecause the tiny "ar magnets can "e ma#neti9ed in either a north or southpole direction. The magstripe on the "ack of the card is very similar to a piece of cassette tape (see 5owassette Tapes 0ork for details!.

A magstripe reader (you may have seen one hooked to someone&s at a "a4aar or fair! can understandthe information on the three-track stripe . If the ATM isn&t accepting your card, your pro"lem is pro"a"lyeither'

A dirty or scratched magstripe An erased magstripe (The most common causes for erased magstripes are e posure to magnets,

like the small ones used to hold notes and pictures on the refrigerator , and e posure to a store&s electronicarticle surveillance (6AS! tag demagneti4er.!There are three tracks on the magstripe. 6ach track is a"out one#tenth of an inch wide. The IS3 I6standard EB99, which is used "y "anks, specifies'

Track one is =9: "its per inch ("pi!, and holds E? D#"it plus parity "it read#only characters. Track two is EC "pi, and holds G: G#"it plus parity "it characters. Track three is =9: "pi, and holds 9:E G#"it plus parity "it characters.

%our credit card typically uses only tracks one and two. Track three is a read write track (which includes anencrypted I+, country code, currency units and amount authori4ed!, "ut its usage is not standardi4edamong "anks.The information on track one is contained in two formats' A, which is reserved for proprietary use of the cardissuer, and 1, which includes the following'

!tart sentinel # one character 'ormat code:;$; # one character (alpha only! Primary account num&er # up to 9? characters !eparator # one character Country code # three characters ame # two to =D characters !eparator # one character 78piration date or separator # four characters or one character Discretionary data # enough characters to fill out ma imum record length (E? characters total! 7nd sentinel # one character


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The format for track two, developed "y the "anking industry, is as follows'

!tart sentinel # one character Primary account num&er # up to 9? characters !eparator # one character Country code # three characters 78piration date or separator # four characters or one character Discretionary data # enough characters to fill out ma imum record length (G: characters total!


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5ow redit ards 0ork5ow 1anks 0orkInvestigation$iscovery.com' redit ard *raud

ui4 As you can see, the "asic process of a de"it transaction is not complicated. 1ut why would you choose touse a de"it card instead of a credit card;

*irst let&s compare de"it and credit cards.

De&it Cards (s) Credit Cards

hoto "y 0athi) Jhu4aie 8etty Images1anks in 1aghdad have started issuing de"it cards to customers, as advertised "y this employee of 0arka1ank on March 99, =::B.

$e"it cards and credit cards each have advantages and disadvantages. The "iggest advantage of de"it

cards over credit cards is that you don&t need to worry a"out interest rates , monthly "ills and financecharges. Since a de"it card uses only the money you actually have, you won&t "uild up an unmanagea"lede"t "y using it, as you might with unchecked use of a credit card. redit cards, after all, accrue interest onunpaid "alances.


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3ne advantage of credit cards over de"it cards is that they can help you to make very large purchases thatwould "e otherwise impossi"le, such as that plasma T2 you&ve "een eyeing. 1ut it is easy with credit cardsto feel like you can "uy whatever you want, whenever you want. Live and spend within your means. (*ormore information on how to do that, take a look at 5ow $iscretionary 6 penses 0ork and Ten Tips forStaying on 1udget .!

A disadvantage of de"it cards is the amount of "uying protection provided to you "y law. $e"it cardtransactions very much resem"le cash transactions. The money changes hands )uickly, and it&s difficult toget it "ack. If you want to return a "roken or unsatisfactory item you purchased with a de"it card, many"usinesses will only give you an e change or store credit.

Also, it&s worth noting that the laws that police stolen de"it cards aren&t as friendly as the laws that policestolen credit cards. %ou may find it more difficult to get your money when a highway ro""er steals your de"itcard than when a highway ro""er lifts your credit card. Learn more on the ne t page.

Choosin# to >se a De&it CardThere are several things to consider when choosing whether to use a de"it card. $e"it cards are "est forsmall, run#of#the#mill purchases ## the "o of doughnuts for the "oys at work or the "ottle of water from thecorner store as you walk to the "each on a hot day. 0hen you get into large items like computers , T2s andfurniture, it&s usually "etter to use a credit card. These purchases can put a "ig dent in your finances ## adent you might not "e a"le to afford in one "ig hit. Spread over several months of credit card payments, thecost of a large item "ecomes more managea"le.$e"it cards are convenient for "oth the customer and the merchant. hecks can "e annoying to write,cum"ersome to deposit and slow to clear. $e"it card transactions usually clear within =G hours. lus,"usiness esta"lishments accept de"it cards more often than they accept checks, and "usinesses generallypay less to process de"it card payments than they do to process credit card payments.

6*TAThe 6lectronic *unds Transfer Act gives "anks ten days to look into reports of 7unauthori4edtransactions7 and decide whether your case holds water. Some "anks will give you an infusion offunds to cover the loss if the investigation is going to take awhile. Some will not. Ask your "anka"out its policies on unauthori4ed transactions Ksource' *$I .Something to keep in mind when using a de"it card is that some "usinesses, such as hotels and gasstations, put a hold on your card to ensure that they are paid for their product or service. *or e ample, gasstations will often put a @C: hold on your card and then charge you for the actual cost of the gas you

pumped. As soon as they receive the money due them, they will lift the @C: hold. If you use a de"it card ongas purchases, this @C: hold could influence the availa"le "alance in your checking account, affecting otherpurchases you might make "efore the hold is lifted.If you choose to use a de"it card, make sure you protect your card and account information. Jeep your I+safeF don&t carry it around on a slip of paper tucked into your wallet. Memori4e it. Also, don&t make your I+something o"vious, a num"er that a thief could easily connect to other identifying information, such as yourstreet num"er or a se)uence of digits from your phone num"er. retty much anyone can get this identifyinginformation, so don&t make it easy for a thief.

As we discussed on the previous page, if your de"it card is stolen, you may find it more difficult to get yourmoney "ack than you would if your credit card were stolen.


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What*s the Difference? Credit . 6very time you use a credit card, you are actually "orrowing money that ismade availa"le to you "y a "ank or other financial institution. The institution paysthe de"t to the vendor, and in turn, you pay the money "ack to the institution. 1y

signing up for a credit card, you agree to pay "ack the money that you "orrowed,in addition to any interest drawn on the amount you "orrowed.Debit . 3dds are, you have a de"it card in your wallet or purse right now, sincemany ATM cards are programmed to have de"it options. Issued "y your "ank,de"it cards take funds directly from the money that you have in your "ankaccount##in a sense acting like a check, /ust faster. 0ith a de"it card, you don&thave to carry cash or checks, and it is very convenient to shop at a variety ofplaces including gas stations, grocery stores, restaurants, and retail stores. Theyprovide instant access to your money and are accepted worldwide.$e"it cards are used much like credit cards, meaning that the store you areshopping at &swipes& them, and you are normally given the option of signing yourreceipt instead of using a re)uired I+ num"er (you can enter your I+ num"er if your prefer!. %ou also typically don&t have to show a picture I$.

Electronic funds transfer(EFT)Electronic funds transfer or EFT refers to the computer -based systems used to performfinancial transactions electronically.The term is used for a number of different concepts:

Cardholder-initiated transactions, where a cardholder makes use of a paymentcard

irect deposit payroll payments for a business to its employees, possibly !ia a payroll ser!ices company

irect debit payments from customer to business, where the transaction isinitiated by the business with customer permission

Electronic bill payment in online bankin" , which may be deli!ered by EFT or paper check

Transactions in!ol!in" stored !alue of electronic money , possibly in a pri!atecurrency

#ire transfer !ia an international bankin"network ("enerally carries a hi"her fee)

Electronic $enefit Transfer

Introduction to 5ow 6lectronic ayment 0orks0hen it comes to payment options, nothing is more convenient thanelectronic payment. %ou don&t have to write a check, swipe a creditcard or handle any paper money F all you have to do is enter someinformation into your 0e" "rowser and click your mouse. It&s nowonder that more and more people are turning to electronic payment## ore-payment ## as an alternative to sending checks through themail.

hoto courtesy $arren 5ester i el erfect $igital
http://www.cardratings.com/prepaid-credit-cards.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_transactionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_transactionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payment_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payment_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_deposithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Payroll_services_company&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_debithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_bill_paymenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_bankinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stored_value&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stored_value&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_moneyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_currencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_currencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wire_transferhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_Benefit_Transferhttp://money.howstuffworks.com/credit-card.htmhttp://money.howstuffworks.com/credit-card.htmhttp://money.howstuffworks.com/credit-card.htmhttp://money.howstuffworks.com/credit-card.htmhttp://money.howstuffworks.com/currency5.htmhttp://communication.howstuffworks.com/electronic-payment.htm/framed.htm?parent=electronic-payment.htm&url=http://www.pixelperfectdigital.com/index.php?action=showpic&cat=47&pic=1039http://www.cardratings.com/prepaid-credit-cards.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_transactionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payment_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payment_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_deposithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Payroll_services_company&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_debithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_bill_paymenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_bankinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stored_value&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_moneyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_currencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_currencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wire_transferhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_Benefit_Transferhttp://communication.howstuffworks.com/electronic-payment.htm/framed.htm?parent=electronic-payment.htm&url=http://www.pixelperfectdigital.com/index.php?action=showpic&cat=47&pic=1039http://money.howstuffworks.com/credit-card.htmhttp://money.howstuffworks.com/credit-card.htmhttp://money.howstuffworks.com/currency5.htm


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In this article, we&ll look at the types of electronic payment, discuss its "enefits and limitations and e plainhow to add e#payment capa"ility to your 0e" site.Methods and Types of 6lectronic ayment

An electronic payment is any kind of non#cash payment that doesn&t involve a paper check. Methods ofelectronic payments include credit cards, de"it cards and the ACH (Automated learing 5ouse! network.The A 5 system comprises direct deposit, direct de"it and electronic checks (e#checks!.

*or all these methods of electronic payment, there are three main types of transactions'

ourtesy Ama4on9. A one-time customer-to-(endor payment is commonly used when you shop online at an e#

commmerce site, such as Ama4on . %ou click on the shopping cart icon, type in your credit card informationand click on the checkout "utton. The site processes your credit card information and sends you an e#mailnotifiying you that your payment was received. 3n some 0e" sites, you can use an e#check instead of acredit card. To pay "y e#check, you type in your account num"er and your "ank&s routing num"er. Thevendor authori4es payment through the customer&s "ank, which then either initiates an electronic fundstransfer (6*T! or prints a check and mails it to the vendor.

=. %ou make a recurrin# customer-to-(endor payment when you pay a "ill through a regularlyscheduled direct de"it from your checking account or an automatic charge to your credit card. This type ofpayment plan is commonly offered "y car insurance companies, phone companies and loan managementcompanies. Some long#term contracts (like those at gyms or fitness centers! re)uire this type of automatedpayment schedule.

>. To use automatic &ank-to-(endor payment , your "ank must offer a service called online &ill pay .%ou log on to your "ank&s 0e" site, enter the vendor&s information and authori4e your "ank to electronicallytransfer money from your account to pay your "ill. In most cases, you can choose whether to do thismanually for each "illing cycle or have your "ills automatically paid on the same day each month.+e t, we&ll discuss some of the "enefits of electronic payment.1enefits of 6lectronic ayment6lectronic payment is very convenient for the consumer. In most cases, you only need to enter your accountinformation ## such as your credit card num"er and shipping address ## once. The information is then storedin a data"ase on the retailer&s 0e" server . 0hen you come "ack to the 0e" site, you /ust log in with yourusername and password. ompleting a transaction is as simple as clicking your mouse' All you have to do isconfirm your purchase and you&re done.6lectronic payment lowers costs for "usinesses. The more payments they can process electronically, theless they spend on paper and postage. 3ffering electronic payment can also help "usinesses improvecustomer retention. A customer is more likely to return to the same e#commerce site where his or herinformation has already "een entered and stored.
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ourtesy 1ank of America!cheduled payments confirmation screen0ith all the "enefits of electronic payment, it&s no wonder that its use is on the rise. More than 9= "illion A 5payments were made in =::G, a =: percent increase from =::> K ref . The =::G *ederal -eserve aymentsStudy noted that from =::: to =::>, electronic payments grew as payment "y check declined, whichsuggests that electronic payments are replacing checks.In order to "etter serve their customers, "anks are swiftly moving to offer online "ill pay services. 8rantThornton&s =::C survey of "ank e ecutives found that DC percent of community "anks and ?G percent oflarge "anks offer =G E online "ill payment K ref . Most of these services are free to mem"ers and coordinateeasily with personal software programs such as uicken or MS Money. Alternatively, consumers cansu"scri"e to online "ill pay services such as aytrust or %ahoo 1ill ay . These services charge a monthlyfee in e change for the convenience of paperless "ill paying.In the ne t section we&ll discuss the concerns that some people have a"out using electronic payment.

A Less Ta ing 0ay toay

In 9??D, the I-S introduced itsfree e#payment service, the6lectronic *ederal Taayment System . In =::G, 9.ECmillion people paid their ta eselectronically. To sign up, allyou need is your SocialSecurity +um"er and checkingaccount information. In additionto paying your ta "ill online, you can access your payment historyand schedule ta payments for ne t year.

oncerns A"out 6lectronic aymentThe main draw"acks to electronic payments are concerns over privacy and the possi"ility of identity theft . *ortunately, there are many safeguards availa"le to protect your sensitive personal information from fallinginto the wrong hands.%ou can defend yourself against identity theft "y using virus protection software and a firewall on yourcomputer. %ou should also make sure that you send your credit card information over a secure server. %ourInternet "rowser will notify you when a server is secure "y showing a lock or key icon. In addition, the


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rivacy concerns aside, some people simply dislike making electronic payments. They find the setup tootime#consuming and don&t want more logons and passwords to remem"er. 3thers simply prefer thefamiliarity of writing checks and dropping envelopes in the mail. -egardless of these concerns, electronicpayment will likely continue to rise in popularity.+e t we&ll learn how to set up e#payment for your small "usiness.5ow to Set


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If you prefer to process payments in#house, the first thing you need to do is set up a secure server. This is acomputer that uses encryption to make it difficult for intruders to intercept confidential information. !ecure!ocket :.> trillion in =::D, a9G.C percent increase over =::C, according to +A 5A statistics. That includes payroll direct deposits, SocialSecurity "enefits, ta refunds, payment of B "illion consumer "ills and more. The rate shows that the volumeof electronic payments continues to dou"le every five years Ksource' +A 5A .
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0hile most of +A 5A&s offerings are targeted to its mem"er financial institutions, the association offers helpfor consumers and small "usinesses through an interactive 0e" site .3n the 0e" site, you can watch virtual demonstrations of how direct deposit, direct payment and checkconversion work. %ou&ll also find e planations of the different types of electronic payment along withinformation on how to decide whether payroll direct deposit and direct payment of "ills are good options foryou.The 0e" site&s "usiness section provides a cost "enefit analysis of direct deposit and direct payment for"usinesses of different si4es, marketing tool kits for "usinesses& employees and customers, and suggestedanswers to customer )uestions a"out check conversion Ksource' +A 5A .Through its ay It 8reen initiative, +A 5A is encouraging consumers to receive and pay "ills electronicallyinstead of on paper to save trees, fuel and water. The alliance "rings together +A 5A, the

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