ashrae 90.1-2013 building envelope-explained
TRANSCRIPT
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BUILDING ENERGY CODES
ANSI/ASHRAE/IES
Standard 90.1-2013 Envelope
June 2014 PNN-SA-102!10
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MandatoryMandatory
ProvisionsProvisions
(required for most
compliance options)
Building SystemBuilding System Compliance OptionsCompliance Options
Energy CodeEnergy CodeComplianceCompliance
PrescriptivePrescriptive
OptionOption
Energy CostEnergy Cost
BudgetBudget
Trade OffTrade Off
OptionOption
SimplifiedSimplified
Envelope
!"C
#ig$ting
S%
Power
Ot$er
Compliance "pproac$es
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MandatoryMandatory
ProvisionsProvisions
(required for most
compliance options)
Building SystemBuilding System Compliance OptionsCompliance Options
Energy CodeEnergy CodeComplianceCompliance
PrescriptivePrescriptive
OptionOption
Energy CostEnergy Cost
BudgetBudget
Trade OffTrade Off
OptionOption
SimplifiedSimplified
Envelope
!"C
#ig$ting
S%
Power
Ot$er
Compliance "pproac$"u#ld#n$ Envelope
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%eneral (Section 5.1)&S'ope&Spa'e-(ond#t#on#n$ (ate$or#e)&Envelope Alterat#on)&(l#*ate
(o*pl#an'e Pat+) (Section 5.2)
S#*pl#,#ed "u#ld#n$ (Section 5.3)Not Used
andator Prov#)#on) (Section 5.4)&In)ulat#on
&ene)trat#on and oor)&A#r eaa$e
Section &"u#ld#n$ Envelope verv#e
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Pre)'r#pt#ve "u#ld#n$ Envelope pt#on (Section 5.5)&paue Area)&ene)trat#on
"u#ld#n$ Envelope 5rade-,, pt#on (Section 5.6)
Su6*#ttal) (Section 5.7)
Produ't In,or*at#on and In)tallat#on Reu#re*ent) (Section 5.8)
Section &"u#ld#n$ Envelope verv#e (contd)
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Separate envelope 'o*ponentreu#re*ent) appl to t+ree tpe) o,'ond#t#oned )pa'e)&Nonre)#dent#al
&Re)#dent#al
&Se*#+eated
Re)#dent#al )pa'e) are u)ed ,or dell#n$
Se*#+eated )pa'e) are +eated7 6ut not to
'o*,ort level)7 and not 'ooled
#$ure 8-A
Ea*ple) o, Ind#re'tl (ond#t#oned Spa'e)(Users Manual 9.1.!213)
Section & ' &..Spa'e-(ond#t#on#n$ (ate$or#e)
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Section &"u#ld#n$ Envelope
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Envelope Reu#re*ent) Are Spe'#,#ed 6 Spa'e-(ond#t#on#n$
(ate$or#e)
&(ond#t#oned )pa'e *u)t 6e
& a 'ooled )pa'e #t+ a 'ool#n$ ))te* )en)#6le 'ool#n$ output
'apa'#t lar$er t+an 8 "tu/+ft2
& a +eated )pa'e #t+ a +eat#n$ ))te* output 'apa'#t lar$ert+an t+at )pe'#,#ed #n ta6le 6elo
& r7 an #nd#re'tl 'ond#t#oned )pa'e
Section & ' &..Spa'e (ond#t#on#n$ (ate$or#e) : "a)#)
eating Output* Btu+$,ft Climate -one
8 1 and 210 3
18 4 and 8
20 ; and #n$ #n
e#)t#n$ )a)+ and ,ra*e
Alterat#on) to envelope 'av#t#e)
prov#ded t+e are #n)ulated to
,ull dept+ #t+ a no*#nal R-3.0
per #n.
?all and ,loor alterat#on) +ere
no ne 'av#t#e) are 'reated
Roo, re'over#n$
Re*oval andrepla'e*ent o,
roo, *e*6rane)
Repla'e*ent o, e#)t#n$ door)
Repla'e*ent o, e#)t#n$
,ene)trat#on7 prov#ded area o,
repla'e*ent #) no *ore t+an
28@ o, total ,ene)trat#on area
Section &Envelope Alterat#on E'ept#on)
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one) 6a)ed on )everal 'l#*at#' para*eter)
&o'at#on) l#)ted #n Append# " on 'ount-6-'ount 6a)#) ,orBn#ted State)
Section & ' &..0(l#*ate
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Bn#ted State) o'at#on) Snap)+ot o, 5a6le "-1 #n Append# "
3A "lount 3A ar#on
Section & ' &..0(l#*ate
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MandatoryMandatoryProvisionsProvisions
(required for most
compliance
options)
Building SystemBuilding System Compliance OptionsCompliance Options
Ener$ (odeEner$ (ode(o*pl#an'e(o*pl#an'e
PrescriptivePrescriptive
OptionOption
Energy CostEnergy Cost
BudgetBudget
Trade OffTrade Off
OptionOption
SimplifiedSimplified
Envelope
!"C
#ig$ting
S%
Power
Ot$er
Compliance "pproac$"u#ld#n$ Envelope
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In)ulat#on (Section 5.4.1 re"ers to 5.8.1.1 t#rou$# 5.8.1.1)
a6el#n$ (Section 5.8.1.1)
Su6)tant#al (onta't (Section 5.8.1.5)
Re'e))ed Eu#p*ent (Section 5.8.1.6)
In)ulat#on Prote't#on (Section 5.8.1.7)
In)ulat#on A6ove Su)pended (e#l#n$) (Section 5.8.1.8)
Jo#nt) #n R#$#d In)ulat#on (Section 5.8.1.1)
Section & ' &.0andator Prov#)#on)
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ene)trat#on and oor) (Section 5.4.2 t#at re"ers to 5.8.2)
A#r eaa$e (Section 5.4.3)
Section & ' &.0andator Prov#)#on)
Photo courtesy of Ken Baker, K energy
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& (ont#nuou) a#r 6arr#er& ene)trat#on and door)& oad#n$ do' eat+er
)eal)& Ce)t#6ule)
Section & ' &.0.1A#r eaa$e
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& (ont#nuou) a#r 6arr#er reu#red e'ept #nD
Se*#+eated )pa'e) #n 'l#*ate >one) 1-;
S#n$le t+e 'on'rete *a)onr 6u#ld#n$) #n
'l#*ate >one 2"
& Plan)
A#r 6arr#er 'o*ponent) #dent#,#ed or noted #n 'on)tru't#on
do'u*ent)
Jo#nt)7 #nter)e't#on)7 and penetrat#on) o, a#r 6arr#er 'o*ponent)
#n'l. l#$+t#n$ ,#ture)F deta#led
& 5o etend over all )ur,a'e) o, 6u#ld#n$ envelope At loe)t ,loor7 eter#or all)7 and 'e#l#n$ or roo,
& e)#$ned to re)#)t po)#t#ve and ne$at#ve pre))ure)
?#nd7 )ta' e,,e't7 and *e'+an#'al vent#lat#on
Section & ' &.0.1.A#r eaa$e (ont#nuou) A#r "arr#er
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5+e ,ollo#n$ area) are to 6e rapped7 )ealed7
'auled7 $a)eted7 or taped
&Jo#nt) around ,ene)trat#on and door ,ra*e)6ot+ *anu,a'tured and )#te-6u#ltF
&Jun't#on) 6eteen all)And ,oundat#on)
At 6u#ld#n$ 'orner)And roo,) or 'e#l#n$)
&Penetrat#on) ,or roo,)7 all)7 and ,loor)
&"u#ld#n$ a))e*6l#e) u)ed a) du't) or plenu*)
&Jo#nt)7 )ea*)7 'onne't#on) 6eteen plane)7 and
ot+er '+an$e) #n a#r 6arr#er *ater#al)
Section & ' &.0.1..A#r eaa$e A#r "arr#er In)tallat#on
S ti & & 0 1 1
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ater#al) #t+ a#r per*ean'e G 0.004 ',*/,t2under pre))ure d#,,erent#al o, 0.3
#n. H2te)ted #n a''ordan'e #t+ AS5 E 21
Section & ' &.0.1..1A#r eaa$e A''epta6le A#r "arr#er ater#al) andA))e*6l#e)
Material 2$ic3ness(minimum)
Plood 3/! #n.
r#ented )trand 6oard 3/! #n.
Etruded pol)trene #n)ulat#on 6oard #n.
o#l-,a'ed uret+ane #n)ulat#on 6oard #n.
Eter#or $p)u* )+eat+#n$ or #nter#or $p)u* 6oard #n.
(e*ent 6oard #n.
"u#lt up roo,#n$ *e*6rane
od#,#ed 6#tu*#nou) roo, *e*6rane
ull ad+ered )#n$le-pl roo, *e*6rane
A Portland 'e*ent/)and par$e7 )tu''o7 or $p)u* pla)ter #n.
(a)t-#n-pla'e and pre'a)t 'on'rete
S+eet *etal
(lo)ed 'ell 2 l6/,t3no*#nal den)#t )pra poluret+ane ,oa* 1 #n.
S ti & & 0 1 1
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O4
A))e*6l#e) o, *ater#al) and 'o*ponent) )ealant)7 tape)7 et'.F #t+avera$e a#r leaa$e G 0.04 ',*/,t2under pre))ure d#,,erent#al o, 0.3 #n.H2te)ted #n a''ordan'e #t+ AS5 E 238
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E5ceptions
Section & ' &.0.1.A#r eaa$e ene)trat#on and oor)
Product cfm+ft Procedure psf
%la>ed )#n$#n$ entran'e door) andrevolv#n$ door)
1.0 AAA/?A/(SA 101/I.S.2/A4407 NR(4007 or AS5 E2!3
1.8#n$ 0.0; NR( 400 or AS5 E2!3 1.8one and )pa'e 'ond#t#on#n$ 'ate$or 5a6le) 8.8-1
t+rou$+ 8.8-!F&In)ulat#on level) ,or roo,)7 all)7 ,loor) and door)&ene)trat#on 'r#ter#a ,or #ndo)7 $la>ed door) and )l#$+t)
Section & ' &.&Pre)'r#pt#ve "u#ld#n$ Envelope pt#on
S ti & & & 1
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(o*pl#an'eeet or e'eed *#n#*u* R-value) #n ta6le
nl R-value o, #n)ulat#on7 not to #n'lude a#r ,#l*)7 et'.
O4
eet *a#*u* B-,a'tor7 (-,a'tor7 or -,a'tor ,or t+e ent#re a))e*6l
tp#'al 'on)tru't#on a))e*6l#e) de)'r#6ed #n Append# AFO4
Per,or* area-e#$+ted avera$e B-,a'tor7 (-,a'tor7 or -,a'tor
nl #, t+ere are *ult#ple a))e*6l#e) #t+#n a )#n$le 'la)) o,
'on)tru't#on ,or a )#n$le )pa'e-'ond#t#on#n$ 'ate$or
Section & ' &.&.1paue Area)
S ti & & &
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Section & ' &.&.paue
2"B#E &.&6 Building Envelope 4equirements 7or Climate -one ("* B* C)8
Reference Table 5.5-1 on page 27 in !.1-2!1"
Opaque Elements
9onresidential 4esidential Semi$eated
"ssem/lyMa5imum
:nsulationMin. 46!alue
"ssem/lyMa5imum
:nsulationMin. 46!alue
"ssem/lyMa5imum
:nsulationMin. 46
!alue
4oofsIn)ulat#on Ent#rel a6ove e'
etal "u#ld#n$Att#' and t+er
B-0.04!B-0.041B-0.02ontall
to a *#n#*u* d#)tan'e )pe'#,#ed
Section & ' &.&.1.;
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paue oor)
B-,a'tor not $reater t+an )pe'#,#ed ,or 'l#*ate >one #n appropr#ate ta6le
Opaque Doors S#n$#n$ B-0.800 B-0.800 B-0.
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(r#ter#a appl to ,ene)trat#on7 #n'lud#n$ #ndo)7 $la)) door)7 $la))
6lo'7 pla)t#' panel)7 and )l#$+t)&)pe'#,#ed 6 ,ene)trat#on tpe7 )pa'e 'ond#t#on#n$ 'ate$or and 6'l#*ate >one
(o*pl#an'e #t+ value) #n 5a6le) 8.8-1 t+rou$+ 8.8-!
& B-,a'tor not $reater t+an )pe'#,#ed& SH%( not $reater t+an )pe'#,#ed
& eet or e'eed *#n#*u* C5/SH%(
& B)e NR( rat#n$) or de,ault value) #nAppend# A
& Area e#$+t#n$ alloed #t+#n )a*e 'la)) o, 'on)tru't#on and )pa'e 'ond#t#on#n$ 'ate$or
ene)trat#on
Section & ' &.&.0.
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ene)trat#on Area
5otal vert#'al ,ene)trat#on area to 6e )*aller t+an )pe'#,#ed
value) #n 5a6le) 8.8-1 t+rou$+ 8.8-! 40@ ,or all 'l#*ate>one)F
& In'lud#n$ 6ot+ ,#ed and opera6le vert#'al ,ene)trat#on
& E'ept#onD )treet-level vert#'al ,ene)trat#on 8.8.4.4.1F
5otal )l#$+t area )*aller t+an )pe'#,#ed #n 5a6le) 8.8-1
t+rou$+ 8.8-! 3@o, roo, area ,or all 'l#*ate >one)F& Per*#tted to 6e no $reater t+an ;@ o, roo, area prov#ded 'r#ter#a #n
e'ept#on 1 to )l#$+t SH%( reu#re*ent) are *et 8.8.4.4.2F and dal#$+t
area under )l#$+t) #) *ore t+an or eual to +al, t+e ,loor area o, t+e)pa'e
Section & ' &.&.0..1
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#n#*u* Sl#$+t ene)trat#on Area
#n#*u* )l#$+t area *u)t 6e prov#ded #n en'lo)ed )pa'e)
t+at are&= 27800,t2&In )pa'e) #t+ 'e#l#n$ +e#$+t 18 ,t and&Spa'e tpe)
& ,,#'e
& o66& Atr#u*
& (on'our)e
& (orr#dor
& Stora$e #n'l.
nonre,r#$eratedare+ou)eF
& %*na)#u*/,#tne))
/eer'#)e
& Area7 pla#n$ area
& %*na)#u*
)eat#n$& (onvent#on
e+#6#t/event
)pa'e
& (ourtroo*
& Auto*ot#ve)pa'e
& #re )tate
en$#ne roo*
& anu,a'tur#n$
& (orr#dor/tran)#t#on
and 6a area)& Reta#l
& #6rar read#n$ and
)ta' area)
& #)tr#6ut#on/)ort#n$
area& 5ran)portat#on
& "a$$a$e and
)eat#n$ area)
& ?or)+op
Section & ' &.&.0..1
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#n#*u* Sl#$+t ene)trat#on Area
5+e )l#$+t area *u)t dal#$+t a *#n#*u* o, +al, t+e ,loor area and
prov#den#*u* rat#o o, 3@ o, )l#$+t area to dal#$+t area #t+ a )l#$+tC5 at lea)t 0.40
R&a *#n#*u* )l#$+t e,,e't#ve aperture o, at lea)t 1@
E'ept#on)
&(l#*ate >one) ;-!&Spa'e) under )+aded roo,) 6ea* )unl#$+t 6lo'ed ,or *ore t+an 1800dat#*e +our) 6eteen ! a.*. and 4 p.*.F&al#$+t area under roo,top *on#tor) #) 80@ o, ,loor area&o'u*ented t+at 90@ o, )l#$+t area #) )+aded on June 21 Nort+ernHe*#)p+ereF/e'e*6er 21 Sout+ern He*#)p+ereF at noon 6
per*anent ,eature)&?+ere total )pa'e area *#nu) t+e pr#*ar and )e'ondar )#del#$+tedarea)F #) 27800 ,t and +ere l#$+t#n$ #) 'ontrolled a''ord#n$ to)#del#$+t#n$ reu#re*ent) o, Se't#on 9.4.1
Section & ' &.&.0.1 and &.=..1
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ene)trat#onB-a'tor
B-,a'tor not $reater t+an )pe'#,#ed #n 5a6le) 8.8-1 t+rou$+
8.8-! E'ept #n 'l#*ate >one1#t+ a 'ool#n$ de)#$n te*p o, 98 and $reater7
t+e *a alloed B-,a'tor) ,or vert#'al ,ene)trat#on ,or all 'ond#t#oned
)pa'e) are
& B-0.32 ,or non-*etal ,ra*#n$
& B-0.80 ,or ,#ed *etal ,ra*#n$
& B-0.;8 ,or opera6le *etal ,ra*#n$
& B-0.!3 ,or entran'e door *etal ,ra*#n$
a6eled and 'ert#,#ed 6 *anu,a'turer
Sl#$+t) deter*#ne ,or a )lope o, 20 a6ove t+e +or#>ontal
E5ceptions& A!.1 a''epta6le ,or )l#$+t)7 A!.2 a''epta6le ,or ot+er vert#'al
,ene)trat#on7 and A< a''epta6le ,or opaue door)
& ANSI/ASA 108 a''epta6le ,or $ara$e door)
Section & ' &.&.0.0 # SH%(
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Cert#'al ,ene)trat#on 8.8.4.4.1F
& SH%( value) 5a6le value ,or appropr#ate total vert#'al,ene)trat#on area
E5ceptions&or vert#'al ,ene)trat#on onl7 t+e SH%( #n t+e propo)ed 6u#ld#n$ 'an6e redu'ed 6 u)#n$ t+e *ult#pl#er) #n 5a6le 8.8.4.4.1 ,or ,ene)trat#on)+aded 6 per*anent proe't#on) t+at #ll la)t a) lon$ a) t+e 6u#ld#n$
#t)el,&or vert#'al ,ene)trat#on )+aded 6 part#all opaue per*anentproe't#on) t+at #ll la)t a) lon$ a) t+e 6u#ld#n$ #t)el,7 'an redu'e t+e P6 *ult#pl#n$ 6 value) #n Se't#on 8.8.4.4.1&Street-level e'ept#on onl appl#e) +en u)#n$ t+e pre)'r#pt#ve'o*pl#an'e opt#on&na*#' $la>#n$ 'annot 6e area-e#$+ted #t+ ot+er ,ene)trat#on and*#n#*u* SH%( o, dna*#' $la>#n$ )+all 6e u)ed to )+o 'o*pl#an'e,or dna*#' $la>#n$&Nort+-or#ented vert#'al ,ene)trat#on alloed to +ave SH%( loer t+ant+at )pe'#,#ed 5a6le) 8.8-1 t+rou$+ 8.8-! 6 0.08
ene)trat#on SH%(
:nformation ' Over$angs
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:nformation'Over$angs
Standard 'red#t) per*anent over+an$) 6 adu)t*ent to
SH%(
S#>e o, over+an$ #) deter*#ned 6 proe't#on ,a'tor
Section & '&.=..0S l H t % # ( ,,# # t SH%(F
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eter*#ned #n a''ordan'e #t+ NR( 200
E5ceptions& S( 0.!; #) a''epta6le ,or overall ,ene)trat#on area NR( 300F
& SH%( o, 'enter-o,-$la)) #) a''epta6le NR( 300F ,or overall
,ene)trat#on area& SH%( ,ro* A!.1 ,or )l#$+t) #) a''epta6le
& SH%( ,ro* A!.2 ,or ot+er vert#'al ,ene)trat#on #) a''epta6le
Solar Heat %a#n (oe,,#'#ent SH%(F
Section & ' &.&.0.0.S l# +t SH%(
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Sl#$+t)& SH%( value) 5a6le value ,or appropr#ate total )l#$+t area
E5ceptions
I, )l#$+t)
&Have a $la>#n$ *ater#al or d#,,u)er #t+ *ea)ured +a>e value 90@ +ente)ted a''ord#n$ to AS5 1003
&Have a )l#$+t C5 0.40
&Have all $eneral l#$+t#n$ #n dal#$+t area under )l#$+t) 'ontrolled 6*ult#level p+oto'ontrol) per Se't#on 9.4.1.1 ,F
na*#' %la>#n$
n#*u* SH%( #) u)ed to de*on)trate 'o*pl#an'e&(on)#dered )eparatel ,ro* ot+er vert#'al ,ene)trat#on
&Area-e#$+ted avera$#n$ #t+ ot+er vert#'al ,ene)trat#on t+at #)nOt dna*#'$la>#n$ #)nOt alloed
Sl#$+t SH%(
Section & ' &.&.0.&ene)trat#on r#entat#on
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ene)trat#on r#entat#on
5o opt#on) to 'o*plD
aF AG At/4 andAeG At/4
O46F A SH%(G At SH%('F/4 and
Ae SH%(eG At SH%('F/4
?+ere7
A3
and SH%(3
L e)t-or#ented vert#'al ,ene)trat#on area and SH%(Aeand SH%(e L ea)t-or#ented vert#'al ,ene)trat#on area and SH%(
At L total vert#'al ,ene)trat#on area
SH%(' L SH%( 'r#ter#a #n 5a6le) 8.8-1 t+rou$+ 8.8-!
E5ceptions& (o*pl#e) #t+ E'ept#on 3 o, Se't#on 8.8.4.4.1
& "u#ld#n$) )+aded 6 ot+er 6u#ld#n$) #t+#n 20 ,t to t+e )out+ +#'+ #) at lea)t a)tall a) t+e propo)ed 6u#ld#n$
& "u#ld#n$) #t+ )+ade on
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C#)#6le 5ran)*#ttan'e/SH%( Rat#o
?+en auto*at#' dal#$+t#n$ 'ontrol) are reu#red per 9.4.1.1eF or ,F&,ene)trat#on to +ave a rat#o o, C5/SH%( not le)) t+an l#)ted #n 5a6le) 8.8-1t+rou$+ 8.8-! 1.1 ,or all 'l#*ate >one)F
E5ceptionsD
&(an +ave a l#$+t-to-)olar-$a#n rat#o S%F o, not le)) t+an 1.28 'enter-o,-$la)) SH%( and C5 deter*#ned per NR( 300 and NR( 301 6
#ndependent la6 or #n'luded #n a data6a)e pu6l#)+ed 6 a $overn*ent a$en' and'ert#,#ed 6 a *anu,a'turer
&ene)trat#on not 'overed #n )'ope o, NR( 200
&En'lo)ed )pa'e) +ere dal#$+t area under roo,top *on#tor) #) 80@ o, en'lo)ed ,loor area
#t+ )l#$+t) 'o*pl#n$ #t+ 8.8.4.2.3
+ere )#del#$+t#n$ e,,e't#ve aperture #) = 0.18
&na*#' $la>#n$ C5/SH%( rat#o and S% deter*#ned u)#n$ *a#*u* C5 and *a#*u* SH%(
(on)#dered )eparatel ,ro* ot+er ,ene)trat#onQ 'annot #n'lude dna*#' $la>#n$ #t+ot+er ,ene)trat#on ,or area-e#$+ted avera$#n$
C li " $
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Compliance "pproac$es
MandatoryMandatory
ProvisionsProvisions
(required for most
compliance
options)
Building SystemBuilding System Compliance OptionsCompliance Options
Ener$ (odeEner$ (ode(o*pl#an'e(o*pl#an'e
PrescriptivePrescriptive
OptionOption
Energy CostEnergy Cost
BudgetBudget
Trade OffTrade OffOptionOption
SimplifiedSimplified
Envelope
!"C
#ig$ting
S%
Power
Ot$er
Section & ' &.;."u#ld#n$ Envelope 5rade ,, pt#on TRule)
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"u#ld#n$ *u)t 'o*pl #t+ Se't#on) 8.17 8.47 8.
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& I, 6u#ld#n$ per*#t #ll appl to le)) t+an t+e +ole6u#ld#n$
Para*eter) relat#n$ to un*od#,#ed e#)t#n$ 'ond#t#on) or ,uture
6u#ld#n$ 'o*ponent) to 6e #dent#'al ,or 6ot+ propo)ed EP and
6a)e EP& uture 'o*ponent) *eet pre)'r#pt#ve reu#re*ent) o,
Se't#on 8.8
2rade6Offs #imited to Building Permit
Section & ' &.