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ASIS '96
Proceedings of the 59th ASISAnnual Meeting
1996 Volume 33
Baltimore, MarylandOctober 21 - 24, 1996
GLOBAL COMPLEXITY:
INFORMATION, CHAOS
AND CONTROL
Proceedings EditorSteve Hardin
Indiana State University
Technical Program Co-ChairsCharles H. Davis
Debora ShawIndiana University
Contributed Papers ChairLinda Smith
University of Illinois
SIG Sessions ChairMerri Beth Lavagnino
University of Illinois
SUB Gttttlngen206.480741
97 B 4751
415
Published for theAmerican Society for Information Science
byInformation Today, Inc.
Medford, New Jersey
CONTENTS
ASIS Officers and Chairs iii
Conference Committees iv
Refereees of Contributed Papers v
Preface vi
PART I: CONTRIBUTED PAPERS
Interactive Information Retrieval
Modeling Interaction in Information Retrieval (IR): A Review and ProposalTefko Saracevic ..3
Interactive Information Seeking and Retrieving: A Third Feedback ApproachAmanda Spink ;.... 10
Internet Resources
The Business Web in Russia: Usability for the Western UserBob Travica and Blaise Cronin 16
Form and Function: Publishing the Canadian Government Weekly Checklist on the InternetRon Davies and Tanis Chalk 24
An Internet Application to Relieve Constraints in the Flow of Technical Information —The Virtual Technology Market (VTM)
James ErBeverly, Lan Xue, and Chung-Shing Lee 30
Investigations of Online Catalogs
A Comparative Approach to System Evaluation: Delegating Control of Retrieval Tests to anExperimental Online System
Karen M. Drabenstott and Marjorie S. Weller ....34
Unmediated and Mediated Information Searching in the Public LibraryRagnar Nordlie ..„ 41
Complexity of Search Tasks and Children's Information RetrievalSandra G. Hirsh 47
Interface Design and Navigation
Design and Evaluation of a User Interface Supporting Multiple Image Query ModelsJaved Mostafa and Andrew Dillon 52
Disorientation in Electronic Environments: A Study of Hypertext and ContinuousZooming Interfaces
Linda B. Paez, Jose Bezerra da Silva-Fh., and Gary Marchionini 58
A Unified Similarity Coefficient for Navigating Through Multi-dimensional InformationDouglas Tudhope and Carl Taylor : 67
vii
Bibliometrlcs, Indexing and the WWW
Bibliometrics of the World Wide Web: An Exploratory Analysis of the IntellectualStructure of Cyberspace
Ray R. Larson ••• •• 71
An Investigation of Indexing on the WWWPadmini Srinivasan, Miguel E. Ruiz, and Wai Lam : ..;....79
Complexity in Indexing Systems — Abandonment and Failure:Implications for Organizing the Internet
Bella Hass Weinberg ..84
Information Search Process
The Concept of a Zone of Intervention for Identifying the Role ofIntermediaries in the Information Search Process
Carol C.' Kuhlthau : 91
Information Search Process Model: How Freshmen Begin ResearchDeborah E. Swain • 95
Affective Monitoring of Internet Learners: Perceived Self-efficacy and SuccessDiane Nahl •• 100
Methodological Issues in Studying Users of Networksand Digital Libraries (see also p. 285)
Developing Assessment Techniques for Statewide Electronic NetworksJohn Carlo Bertot and Charles R. McClure 110
Community System Users and UsesGregory B. Newby and Ann Peterson Bishop 118
Searching the World Wide Web
Search Engines for the World Wide Web: A Comparative Study and Evaluation MethodologyHeting Chu and Marilyn Rosenthal 127
A Comparative Study of Web Search Service PerformanceWei Ding and Gary Marchioriini 136
Landmarks in the World Wide Web: A Preliminary StudyJennifer K. Heffron, Andrew Dillon, and Javed Mostafa 143
Information in Organizations
Securities Analysts as Information-seekersNancy Sadler Baldwin and Ronald E. Rice 146
Structure and Action: Towards a New Concept of the Information Use EnvironmentHoward Rosenbaum 152
Reliable and Authentic Electronic RecordsTerry Eastwood 157
viii
Issues Associated -with Electronic Resources
Electronic Surveys: Methodological Implications for Using the -World Wide Web to Collect Survey Data
John Carlo Bertot and Charles R. McClure 173
Advertising on the World Wide Web: Issues and Policies for Not-for-profit OrganizationsHerbert Snyder and Howard Rosenbaum 186
Survey of Electronic Journals in OCLC: The Extent and Quality of CatalogingTaemin Kim Park 193
The Search for an Internet Metaphor: A Comparison of LiteraturesRuth A. Palmquist 198
Indexing and Abstracting
An Experiment in the Use of Tools for Computer-assisted'AbstractingTimothy C. Craven 203
Indexing Images: Testing an Image Description TemplateCorinne Jorgensen < 209
Cross-language Transfer of Indexing Concepts for Storage and Retrieval of Moving Images:Preliminary Results
James M. Turner 214
Measures in Information Retrieval
User Criteria in Relevance Evaluation: Toward Development of a Measurement ScaleLinda Schamber and Judy Bateman 218
Value of Search Results as a Whole as a Measure of Information Retrieval PerformanceLouise T.'Su ......:... 226
Using Conceptual Categories of Questions to Measure Differences in Retrieval PerformanceJohn G. Keyes 238
Scholarly Communication and Information Use
Use of Book Reviews by Scholars: Implications for Electronic PublishingAmanda Spink and David Robins 243
Scholarly Communication and Network Influences in the Hybrid Problem Area ofDevelopmental Dyslexia
Claudia A. Perry and Ronald E. Rice ! 249
A Qualitative Study of Scholars' Citation BehaviorPeiling Wang and Marilyn Domas White 255
PART H: ABSTRACTS OF SIG SESSIONS
SIG/AH/LAN/VISDigital Imagery: Photographs and Art
Moderator: Sarah Prown , 265
ix
Retrieval and Study of Digital Images: Lessons from the MuseumEducation Site license Project
Howard Besser
Museum Networking Project Update: The Consortium for the Computer Interchange ofMuseum Information (CIMI)
Joseph Biisch
The RLG Digital Image Access ProjectStephen Davis
SIG/ALPWhat Kinds of Text Summarization Are Possible Now?
Moderator: Karen Kukich 266
Richard Kittredge
Jaime Carbonell
Kathleen McKeown
Lisa Rau
Julian Kupiec
SIG/CR/HCI/HFISBrowsing Online and in the Stacks: What Is It and How Can It Be Facilitated?
Moderator: Dee Michel 267
Dimensions Characterizing BrowsingShan-Ju Chang
Tending our Pastures: A Decade's Worth of Research on Browsing Fiction CollectionsSharon (Shay) L. Baker -
A File Definition of BrowsingDee Michel
Browsing: Not Lazy SearchingGary Marchionini
SIG/CR/HCI/SRTSocial Impacts of Digital Libraries
Moderator: Efthimis N. Efthimiadis 268
Overview of Research Issues ,Christine L. Borgman
Human-Centered Research IssuesSusan Leigh Star
Artifact-Centered Research IssuesRaya Fidel
Technology-Centered Research IssuesEfthimis N. Efthimiadis i/
SIG/CR/VISIcons and the Web: Communicating Classificatory Structure through Graphics
Moderator: Hanne Albrechtsen 271
The Design of Ecological Interfaces for Web UsersAnnelise Mark Pejtersen
A Framework for Image Indexing Based on Free DescriptionGorinne Jorgensen
Communicating Concepts and Classificatory Structures through Graphics on the WebElin K. Jacob
SIG/CRSHolding Chaos at Bay: Information Management Responses to Complexity
Moderator: M. J. Norton 273
Self Managed Teams: Information Chaos and ControlDeb Barnes
KNIGHT-RIDDER INFORMATION'S Approach to Information ChaosAnne Caputo
Organizational Chaos: Management in Territorial ConflictM. J. Norton
SIG/EDPlanning Curricula for the Information Professionals of the 21st Century
Moderator: Katherine W. McCain 275
Development of IS*96: The ACM-AIS-DPMA Model Curriculum for 4 Year Programs ofInformation Systems
Herbert E. Longenecker, Jr.
Drexel's Curriculum Initiatives in Information. Science and TechnologyThomas A. Childers
Reinventing Education for the Information and Library Professions of the 21st CenturyDaniel E. Atkins and Karen M. Drabenstott
The UC Berkeley School of Information Management and Systems CurriculumRay R. Larson
SIG/EDDoctoral Forum
Moderator: Ray R. Larson .....^>... 277
SIG/HCIUsability Testing of Text-based and Visual User Interfaces
Moderator: Louise T. Su 278
Usability Testing of Online Systems and OCLC's Usability LabMartin Dillon
Text-based Interfaces and Text-based Bibliographic Enhancements:Thinking Beyond Standard Bibliographic Information (and Text)Thomas B'. Wall
Usability Testing of a Prototype Visualization-based Information Retrieval SystemSherry Koshman
xi
SIG/HCI/MEDControlling Risk in a Complex Environment: The Design of Computer-based Systems toMinimize Human Error in Medicine
Moderator: Janette B. Bradley 280
Information: A Means to Reduce the Likelihood of Human Error in MedicineM. Sue Bogner .
Application of the Critical Incident Technique in the Intensive Care UnitKarl Van Orden
Using the Delphi Method to Design an Ideal Error Reporting System for the BloodTransfusion Process
James Battles, Janette Bradley, Harold Kaplan, Quay Mercer, and Mary Whiteside
SIG/HCI/VISStrategies for a Global Community: Reengineering User Interfaces for Governmentaland Public Organizational Information Systems
Moderator: Janette B. Bradley 281
The P1000 Initiative: An Interdisciplinary Plan for Federally-supported InformationVisualization Research and Development
Russell R. Rose
UN International Nuclear Information System: Reengineering 25 Years of a GlobalDecentralized Database
Emil Levine
End-User Interfaces for Information Systems: Usability Testing and EvaluationTheresa A. O'Cpnnell
SIG/HCI/VIS/LANNavigating Complexity: New Interfaces for the World Wide Web and Data Visualization
Moderator: Patricia Vanderburg 282
A Web-based Interface to a Medical Retrieval System: New Access Points Using Variables andTheir Relationships
Sam Oh
- Interfaces for a Complex Environment: VRML, Java, and Shockwave for the World Wide WebPeter Scannell
Web-based Interfaces for Object-Oriented and Relational DatabasesJanette B. Bradley .
SIG/HFIS/EDTheories of Information Science
Moderator: Michael Buckland 283
Information Retrieval: Collections, Transformers, and PartitionersChristian Plaunt and Michael Buckland
Information as Mediation: On the Potentially Fertile Coupling of Semioticsand Information Science
Jean Umiker-Sebeok
Information: A Rhetorical ConstructMartha M. Smith
xii
SIG/HFISTheory Under Construction: Rethinking Frameworks for Scholarly and ScientificCommunication in the Age of the Internet
Moderator: Robert V. Williams ; ;..'..„ 284
Scholarly Communication Research: Perspectives of Information Science and Related FieldsLinda Schamber •
Characterizing Electronic Scientific Discourse: What Revolution?Judy Bateman
Whither Invisible Colleges? Theoretical Constructs in the Age of Electronic ScholarlyCommunication
Steven MacCall
SIG/IAE/EDMethodological Issues in Studying Users of Networks and Digital libraries
Moderator: Trudi Bellardo Hahn 285
Developing Assessment Techniques for Statewide Electronic NetworksJohn Carlo Bertot and Charles R. McClure (see also p. 110)
Community System Users and UsesGregory B. Newby and Ann Peterson Bishop (see also p. 118)
SIG/m/TISInformation Science and Sustainable Global Development
Moderator: Michel Menou 286
The Coming Age of Scarcity: Sustaining life While Down Scaling World Industrial ProductionIsidor Wallimann
The Role of Information in Sustainable DevelopmentAmanda Spink
SIG/LAN/AHArchival Control and Access: Finding Aids Using SGML
Moderator: Shari L. Weaver 287
The Role of Metadata in Digital libraries and ArchivesPhilip Bantin
The Encoded Archival Description (EAD) DTDDaniel Pitti
SGML Finding Aids at Yale: Reference Service TransformedRichard Szary
SIG/MED/HCIBringing Wellness Out of Chaos: Impact of Widespread Delivery of Health Information toPatients
Moderators: Douglas M. Stetson, Art Schiller 288
Florence Cofnite
Bill Decker
Carol Romano
Stephen Marine
J. Keith Green
Hugh P. Scottxiii
SIG/MGTCombating the Corporate Blahs of Information Management: Strategies for Creating an Effectiveand Visible Presence of Information Centers Within the Organization
Moderator: Helen Manning. .- 289
Eugenie Prime
W. David Penniman
Laurence Prusak
SIG/MGTOut of Business? How is the Internet Really Impacting Libraries?
Moderator: Marie Teixeira 290
Jennifer Krueger
Beverly Colby
Michael R. Leach
SIG/PUBCreating an Electronic Journal
Moderator: Buzzy Basch 291
Marcia Tuttle
Maria LeBron
John Tagler
Gregory St. John
SIG/STIImages of Dynamics and Complexity in Information Science
Moderator: Albert N. Tabah 292
Some'Analogies to Complexity in the Growth of literaturesAlbert N. Tabah
On the Nature of Initial Conditions and Subsequent Dynamics of Information UseWilliam McGrath . i
Chaos — Its Affect Upon the Concept of Prediction in ResearchHerbert Snyder
SIG/STIUntangling the Scientific Web: Science Educators' Use of Internet Resources
Moderator: Kathleen Wile 293
The Earth System Science Community Curriculum TestbedMichael Keeler
Course Material Delivery via the World Wide WebTom O'Haver
Applications of the Web in the Biomedical CurriculumKerryn A. Brandt and Harold P. Lehmann
SIG/TISCopyright: Chaos or Control?
Moderator: Inez L. Speer-Brisfjord 295
xiv
Copyright Law in the Networked Digital EnvironmentPeter Jaszi
Access to Digital Works: A Communications Law PerspectivePatrice Lyons
Fair Use Guidelines for Educational Multimedia: The Negotiation, Endorsement and ValidationLisa Livingston
The Politics of Fair UseShelly Warwick
SIG/TISThe Complexity of Free Speech, Privacy and Intellectual Freedom in a Global Network
Moderator: Shelly Warwick 297
Conflicting Values: Information Policy vs. PracticeJohn Berry III
Government Information, FOIA, Privacy, Rates and Rights in a Global EnvironmentJames Love
The Role of Content and AnonymityShabbir J. Sadar
SIG/VISOnline Visuals: Maps, Entertainment, and Texts of the Internet
Moderator: Myke Gluck 299
Entertainment on the InternetTom Kinney
Texts on'the InternetRay,R. Larson
Cartographic Images on the InternetMyke Gluck
SIG/VIS/HCI/STIVisual Access to Retrieved Objects
Moderator: Mark E. Rorvig 300
Visual Interfaces to Data Defined by Known VariablesBen Shneiderman
Visual Information Retrieval: Overview of Interface TypologiesRobert Korfhage
Visual Retrieval Interfaces Based on Rational Distance Measures of SimilarityHenry Small
Rational Distance Measures for Visualization of Multivariate Data — Experiences of the UnionBank of Switzerland
Mathew Chalmers
Fuzzy Logic and Principle Components Analysis as Measures of Similarity inIntelligence Data Analysis
Jim Wise
The Meaning of Visual Information Retrieval for Information Retrieval as a DisciplineMichael Buckland
xv
PART HI: FOR THE RECORD
Plenary Speaker 303Eli M. Noam
Keynote Speaker. 303
Shepherding Bits: Chaos and Control in the Information AgeIvars Peterson
Special Sessions , 304
Changing Owners in the Information IndustryModerator: Ron Dunn
Marge Hlava
Tom Hogan
Carlos Cuadra
Pat Tierney
Legislative/Regulatory UpdateRon Dunn
Dan Duncan
The Net Within: Intranets & Organizational CommunicationsGeoff McKim
Hot Topic: Information WarfareBonnie Cooper Carroll
/Reflections on Our Future
Moderator: Charles Davis
Competitive Intelligencejerry Miller
ARIST 31 - A Review of Information Science and Technology, 1996Moderator: Martha Williams
Query ExpansionEfthimis Efthimiadis ..
Natural Language ProcessingStephanie Haas
Information Resources ManagementPierette Bergeron
Feedback in Information RetrievalAmanda Spink
User Acceptance of Information TechnologyAndrew Dillon and Michael Morris
Structured Information/Standards for Document ArchitectureElisabeth Logan and Marvin Pollard
Social Informatics for Digital librariesAnn Bishop and Susan Leigh Star
xvi
Telecommunications UpdateJames Rush
Sarajevo library Reconstruction UpdateEmil Levine
Author Index 306
Subject Index 308
XVII
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