nubia project usip_jul96 (distruction of nubia by dams)

Nubia ProjectNubia Project

Destruction ofDestruction of

NubiaNubia By Damming and Cultural By Damming and Cultural

CleansingCleansing

Nuraddin AbdulmannanNuraddin AbdulmannanMaryland July 2009Maryland July 2009

Nubia ProjectNubia Project

Destruction ofDestruction of

NubiaNubia By Damming and Cultural By Damming and Cultural

CleansingCleansing

Nuraddin AbdulmannanNuraddin AbdulmannanMaryland July 2009Maryland July 2009

Map of NubiaMap of Nubia

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Nubia in the PastNubia in the Past

• Nubia’s name is derived from the Hieroglyphic word “Nub” for "Gold". Nubia, the land of gold is the mother of the most ancient civilization on the face of the Earth.

• At the height of its political power Nubian Pharaohs ruled from south Khartoum, capital of Sudan to Egypt. Nubia was known by Kush, Napata, and Merowe. Nubia was ruled by kings and queens AKA as (Kandakas) who built more than 20 pyramids in Nubia.

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• Nubians are mentioned in the old Testament and its celebrity Pharaoh Taharqa led an army from Nubia in year 701 BC to rescue the Jewish Kingdom in Jerusalem from Assyrian annihilation.

• Greeks, Romans and Arab historians wrote about the greatness of the Nubian people and their civilization.

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• Nubia is located in today's

northern Sudan and southern Egypt.

• Isolated, marginalized, impoverished and depopulated. Millions migrated to Khartoum and Arabian Gulf.

• Considered by US Congress as a marginalized area in Darfur Accountability Act.

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Nubia at PresentNubia at Present

Nubia (Nub) Nubia (Nub) the Land of Goldthe Land of Gold

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Shield ring _Queen Amanishekito

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Queen Malakaye

From Aspelta grave

Damming of Nubia

• The Aswan dam and the High dam of Egypt caused relocation of Nubians 4 times from their lands. The total Egyptian Nubian population and a sizable Sudanese Nubians were relocated to Arabized lands.

• Nubians suffering from dams started in 1902 when Egypt built the Aswan Dam.

• The apex of their sufferings was in 1964 when Egypt built the High Dam, the largest man made dam in the world. The total Egyptian Nubian population were relocated and 50,000 Sudanese Nubians were relocated in Eastern Sudan.

• After more than 40 years Nubians in Northern Sudan and in Eastern Sudan are suffering.

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• The Nubian region from Wadi Halfa to Dongola has no electricity or paved asphalt roads. The whole area is marginalized, impoverished and neglected by the government.

• Meroe damMeroe dam has been completed in a record time of 2 years.

• Kajbar, Dal and Elsheraik dams Kajbar, Dal and Elsheraik dams are are underway.underway.

• These dams will wipe out Nubia from the map and destroy an international heritage.

• UN Human Rights Rep was denied visiting Nubia twice.

• BBC team and Christian Science Monitor correspondents were deported from Nubia.

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• Nubians resisted building Kajbar dam and on June 13, 2007 the security forces opened fire on a peaceful demonstrations killing 4 and injuring many near Kajbar dam site.

• Manaseer tribes resisted Meroe dam and many of them were killed or injured and the government relocated them by force in a desert area far from the Nile river.

• LA Times and National Geographic covered recent developments in Nubia.

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Nubians & AsbestosRelated Cancers

• 50,000 Nubians who were relocated in 1965 to Eastern Sudan and housed in Asbestos roofed houses are threatened by asbestos related cancers. Their numbers have increased while the agricultural scheme is collapsing and a new Nubian exodus started to old Nubia and peripheries of Khartoum.

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Dams map

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Sudan map before NIF coup in Sudan map before NIF coup in 19891989

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The Nile River State was taken from the Northern State to find an access for the Arabs of Sudan to Egypt and to disconnect Nubia from Beja

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Hamdi Triangle and Nile River State

Nubian Language and Nubian Language and Arabization of NubiaArabization of Nubia

• Nubians used the Egyptian hieroglyph language before and during the Middle Kingdom era in Egypt. With the emergence of powerful Nubian kingdoms, the Meroetic language, a new and more sophisticated language written in cursive alphabets was introduced. The Meroetic language was used during the Napatan & Kushite Meroetic era. Unfortunately the Meroetic language is still un -deciphered.

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• Abandoned after the destruction of the last Nubian Christian Kingdom of Aludia (Alwa) with its seat at Soba south of Khartoum in 1505 AD• Rewritten in 1997 by Egyptian

archaeologist Mukhtar Khalil Kabbara who died the same day he concluded transcript of his book “ Nobiin ga Sikkir Faiwa”.• Nubian language is prohibited

in the school curriculums.• Nubian language was used by

Egypt as a military code language in its 1973 war against Israel.

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The Old Nubian The Old Nubian LanguageLanguage

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•The Nubian language (Nobiin) remained a written language in Greeco-Coptic alphabets for centuries. The Nobiin was usually translations of Christian writings from original Greek language to an adapted Nubian language in Greco-Coptic alphabets. After introduction of Islam to Egypt and Sudan, and the interruption of the cultural and religious ties between the Nubian Christian kingdoms and the Roman church, the Nubians adopted Islam, and gradually they abandoned writing their language and adopted instead the Arabic language for their official writings. •Nubian language is rewritten now and we need linguists and academicians to help in reserving scholarships in universities for the advancement of the Nubian language, its grammar, dictionary, encyclopedia and literature etc. We encourage universities and institutions to help in teaching Nubian language..

Egyptian Egyptian Conspiracy Conspiracy

Against Against NubiaNubia

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•All invasions to Sudan through out its history came from Egypt.

•Egypt signed the Nile Waters agreement (NWA) in 1959 during the military rule of General Abboud and occupied Halaib and signed the Four Freedoms Agreement during the NCP rule.

The Four Freedoms AgreementThe Four Freedoms Agreement(Egypt’s plan to wipe out Nubia)(Egypt’s plan to wipe out Nubia)

On Tuesday, June 15, 2004 the Sudanese National Assembly approved the four freedoms agreement with Egypt (freedom freedom to move, reside, work, and ownto move, reside, work, and own). This agreement targets the Nubian and allows millions of Egyptian farmers to move freely, reside, work and own land in Nubia, change demographic structure and dominate the area, become majority and annex Sudan in future.

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Dams of Merowe, Mugrat, Sheraik

and Sabaloka are going to inflict

immeasurable damage to the Nubian

heritage. These dams are storage for

Egypt’s water and to act as filters to

the High Dam that suffers from

suffocation due to huge deposits of

clay and silt. These dams will

submerge Nubian villages/towns,

inundate the most rich archeological

sites in the world and force the

Nubians out of their land.

Egypt is using Nubian land as a free

storage for over 4 decades.

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• The pro Arabs and Muslim Fundamentalist Governments of Sudan and Egypt are the main beneficiaries of building dams and destroying Nubia, its monuments, relocate and displace Nubians and destroy their culture and heritage.

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Who benefits from Who benefits from destruction of Nubia?destruction of Nubia?

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Egyptian newspaper warns from an American conspiracy to dismantle Egypt and Sudan and a campaign from Jews and Black Americans to form a Nubian state south of Egypt and north of Sudan

Alsha’ab Newspaper Friday December 10, 1992

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Nubia Festival and Road to a Black Kingdom from Egypt, Sudan and Ethiopia

Nubia Festival is an American Zionist conspiracy to separate Nubia and target Egyptian identity – Alsha’ab July 23, 1991

Defufa, Kerma, the oldest town Defufa, Kerma, the oldest town in historyin history

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Statues of Black Pharaohs, Statues of Black Pharaohs, discovered recently in Kermadiscovered recently in Kerma

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What do Nubians Need?What do Nubians Need?

• To live in their ancestral lands and preserve their culture, and heritage.

• Protection from dams and cultural cleansing and forcible relocation and marginalization.

• Help from US administration, European Community and UN to stop damming Nubia and destruction of Nubian monuments.

• International help to develop Nubia and invest in its huge resources and potentials for tourism, minerals, agriculture and the Nubian aquifer which contains one of the largest underground water reservoirs in Africa.

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What you can do to protect Nubia What you can do to protect Nubia from destructionfrom destruction

• Call upon US Congress to act Call upon US Congress to act urgently and encourage the urgently and encourage the administration to exert administration to exert pressures on Sudan government pressures on Sudan government to stop building dams in Nubia. to stop building dams in Nubia.

• Ask US Congress to slash a Ask US Congress to slash a portion of USAID to Egypt and portion of USAID to Egypt and to compensate for using Nubia to compensate for using Nubia land as a free storage for land as a free storage for Egypt’s waters over 40 years.Egypt’s waters over 40 years.

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• Make pressures on China and Arab financiers to stop financing and building these destructive dams to turn the Nile River to an Arab river and build a new Andalucía on the Nile valley.

• To save thousands of Nubians living in Asbestos houses in Eastern Sudan for over 40 years. Cancers began to spread among Nubians.

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• Tell your friends, congregation, community centers and institutions to act and spread the word to protect the Nubian people, their culture and heritage from destruction.

• Join the Nubian campaigns to preserve the Nubian monuments and Call upon the UNESCO and the international community to take its responsibility to rescue this international heritage by declaring Nubia as a historically protected land and send fact finding missions and media representatives to investigate and conduct studies.

• Tell the international museums hosting Nubian artifacts to adopt museums in Nubia. This will help attract international tourisms into Nubia.

• Invest in Nubia, the land of GOLD and first Queens of the world.

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• Help stop Arabization of Nubia. Dams will bring millions of Egyptian farmers and billions of dollars from Arab investors who will push Nubians to the desert and to squatters of Khartoum and other cities.

• Contact the media to cover the Nubian issues, folklore and culture.

• Send fact finding missions from US Congress and Media to see reality on the ground.

• UN Human Rights Representative was denied visiting Nubia.

• BBC team and Christian Science Monitor correspondent were deported from Nubia.

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• Get involved and be proactive to encourage others to participate in Nubian events and protests against dams and cultural cleansing and attend their forums and fundraising events.

• Pledge a donation to support the Nubian cause and the advocacy activities and share your ideas about effective measures to protect Nubian people, their culture and heritage from destruction.

• Break the isolation on Nubia by talking about Nubia.

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