direct and indirect impacts of biofuels policies (national...

Direct and Indirect Impacts of Biofuels Policies (National, European

and Global) on Deforestation

Expert consultation:Expert consultation:Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission & MalaysiJoint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission & Malaysian Palm an Palm

Oil Industry (MPO)Oil Industry (MPO)

(J. Wong, Forest Department Sarawak)(J. Wong, Forest Department Sarawak)

Forest Change in Sarawak (1980Forest Change in Sarawak (1980--2005)2005)

11,067,30811,310,52711,383,524Total:

3,944,2713,336,0052,250,700Secondary Forest

125,508168,030173,788Mangrove Forest

450,129761,7041,174,050Peat Swamp Forest

6,547,4007,044,7887,784,986Hill Mixed Dipterocap

200519901980Forest Types

Areas in Ha

Sources: Forest Department Sarawak

1980

Land Classification and its uses in Land Classification and its uses in SarawakSarawak

TPA TPA –– Totally Protected Area Totally Protected Area –– conservation of habitats and biodiversity;conservation of habitats and biodiversity;–– Environmental protection;Environmental protection;–– Protecting areas of natural and cultural significance;Protecting areas of natural and cultural significance;–– Provision of socioProvision of socio--economics benefits;economics benefits;–– Provision of locations for environmental education and scientifiProvision of locations for environmental education and scientific research;c research;

PFE PFE –– Permanent Forest Estate Permanent Forest Estate –– Protected land allocated for timber productionProtected land allocated for timber production–– Harvesting is done on sustained yield basis based on prescriptioHarvesting is done on sustained yield basis based on prescriptions as laid out in the Forest ns as laid out in the Forest

Management Management Unit(FMUUnit(FMU))–– Each concession areas has it own Forest Management Plan which foEach concession areas has it own Forest Management Plan which forms part of the Forest rms part of the Forest

Timber Timber LicenceLicence–– Target 1 million ha for forest pTarget 1 million ha for forest plantation Area

NCR NCR –– Native Customary RightsNative Customary Rights–– Land subjected to Native Customary Rights claimLand subjected to Native Customary Rights claim–– Government aided agriculture plantationGovernment aided agriculture plantation–– Small holders cash crop or agricultureSmall holders cash crop or agriculture

StateLandStateLand–– land for other usage that can be converted for agricultureland for other usage that can be converted for agriculture

- (TPAs)

Sources: Forest Department Sarawak

2007

Sources: Ministry of Land Development, Sarawak

- 2007

Sources: Forest Department Sarawak

- 2007

Sources: Forest Department Sarawak

Development of Oil Palm Plantation in Development of Oil Palm Plantation in SarawakSarawak

Sources: Ministry of Land DevelopmentForest Department Sarawak

Status of Oil Palm Development

Potential Planted TargetStateland 1,345,101 478,362 464,096LPF 235,904 75,000 235,904NCR 792,997 174,620 300,000Total 2,374,002 727,982 1,000,000

Role of Oil palm in Forest Change in Role of Oil palm in Forest Change in SarawakSarawak

Government Targeted 1 million ha to be Government Targeted 1 million ha to be developed by 2010 with 400,000 ha developed by 2010 with 400,000 ha from NCRfrom NCR727,982 ha planted(73% of targeted 1 727,982 ha planted(73% of targeted 1 million ha)million ha)

Possible Future Trend of Oil Palm Possible Future Trend of Oil Palm ExtensionsExtensions

Degraded Shifting Cultivation area?Degraded Shifting Cultivation area?Land under Native Customary Rights Land under Native Customary Rights Claims?Claims?

Sources: Forest Department Sarawak

Sources: Forest Department Sarawak