alice delcour, florence van stappen – avnir lca conference 2012 – lille, 6-7 november 2012...
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Alice Delcour, Florence Van Stappen – avniR LCA Conference 2012 – Lille, 6-7 November 2012Walloon Agricultural Research Centre
www.cra.wallonie.be
Assessing existing and potential cereal food and non-food uses by
combining E-LCA and S-LCA
Alice Delcour, Florence Van Stappen – avniR LCA Conference 2012 – Lille, 6-7 November 2012Walloon Agricultural Research Centre
www.cra.wallonie.be
Cereals food and non-food uses: « 4F »
Cereals
Human food uses
Energy usesMaterial
usesAnimal feed
uses
FOOD FEED FUEL FIBRE
Alice Delcour, Florence Van Stappen – avniR LCA Conference 2012 – Lille, 6-7 November 2012Walloon Agricultural Research Centre
www.cra.wallonie.be
ALT-4-CER: which « F’s » of the « 4F » for Wallonia?
SCENARIOS4F
E-LCAS-LCA
LOCAL DATA
demand offer
STAKEHOLDERS
questions / answers
answersadaptation
Key steps:1. To draw the portrait of the Walloon
cereals, and their current and future/potential uses
2. To define several scenarios 2030 acc. to current trends (B-a-U) and contrasting breaks
3. To develop environmental and socio-economic LCA methodologies fed with local data
4. To integrate environmental and socio-economic aspects through multi-criteria analysis with stakeholders
To provide clues for most sustainable and pertinent uses of the cereal resources in Wallonia
Alice Delcour, Florence Van Stappen – avniR LCA Conference 2012 – Lille, 6-7 November 2012Walloon Agricultural Research Centre
www.cra.wallonie.be
Walloon context: main crops
36%
10%3%
1%
16%
12%
2%2%
3% 8%7%
Winter wheat
Winter barley
Spelt
Grain maize
Forage maize
Sugar beet
Chicory
Linseed
Rapeseed
Potato
Temporary meadowsFlanders
Brussels-Capital
Wallonia
Flanders
Brussels-Capital
Wallonia
Cereals:66%
Source: DGSIE (INS)- Recensement agricole 2010
1%
(% cultivated lands)
Alice Delcour, Florence Van Stappen – avniR LCA Conference 2012 – Lille, 6-7 November 2012Walloon Agricultural Research Centre
www.cra.wallonie.be
Scenarios 2030: Grains + straw + forage maize
16%
57%64%
36% 43% 28%
13%
28% 11%
33%
4% 15%25%
17%
16%
16%12%
8%6%
6%
5%
9%
31%
0
500
1 000
1 500
2 000
2 500
3 000
3 500
4 000
4 500
2010 - baseline 2030 - B-a-U 2030 - strategic 2030 - localisation 2030 -globalisation
1000
T D
M
Export
Fibre (litter, insulator)
Fuel/Biorefinery 1G+2G
Feed
Food
57%
16%
4%
17%6%
64%
13%
16%
6%
36%
28%
15%
16%
5%
43%
11%
25%
12%
9%
28%
33%
8%
31%
1. Business-as-Usual: current trends extrapolated from past 15 years2. Strategic: environmental, economic and social optimization of current system3. Localisation: development of new cereal conversion units in Wallonia + increased
autonomy4. Globalisation: massive export + focus on high added-value products (biorefinery,
bio-based chemistry)
Alice Delcour, Florence Van Stappen – avniR LCA Conference 2012 – Lille, 6-7 November 2012Walloon Agricultural Research Centre
www.cra.wallonie.be
Scenarios analysis with E-LCA & S-LCA
Society
Ecology Economy
Cover the 3 pillars of sustainable development
Common objective: evaluate environmental and socio-economic consequences of potential changes in the uses of Walloon cereals by 2030, in comparison with current situation (2010) Consequential LCA
E-LCA & S-LCA specific objectives: assess influence of cereal use chains on environmental & socio-economic performances within a given scenario Attributional LCA
Common « 4F » functional unit = 1 ha
LCSA
LCSA
Alice Delcour, Florence Van Stappen – avniR LCA Conference 2012 – Lille, 6-7 November 2012Walloon Agricultural Research Centre
www.cra.wallonie.be
System boundaries in E-LCA & S-LCA
Agricultural machinery
manufacturers
Cereal producers
Agricultural contractors
Grain wholesalers
Animal breeder/rearer
Distributers Consumers
Agricultural inputs
manufacturers
Physical flow between actors (transport)Influence between actors
Local communities
Processing
Workers
Companies
Farmers
Processing
S-LCA
E-LCA
Alice Delcour, Florence Van Stappen – avniR LCA Conference 2012 – Lille, 6-7 November 2012Walloon Agricultural Research Centre
www.cra.wallonie.be
Scenarios analysis with E-LCA
Environmental LCA identify regional differencies regarding the cultivation step: (New) cropping practices; Machinery characteristics & fuel consumption; Direct field emissions assessment; Inputs management; Animal feeding & husbandry; etc…
+ Conversion processes based on existing facilities
Alice Delcour, Florence Van Stappen – avniR LCA Conference 2012 – Lille, 6-7 November 2012Walloon Agricultural Research Centre
www.cra.wallonie.be
• Impact subcategories – Workings hours– Health and safety at work– Local employment– Added value creation
• Stakeholders categories– Workers– Companies– Farmers– (Local communities)
9
• Impact categories
Working conditions
Socio-economic repercussions
Scenarios analysis with S-LCA
Alice Delcour, Florence Van Stappen – avniR LCA Conference 2012 – Lille, 6-7 November 2012Walloon Agricultural Research Centre
www.cra.wallonie.be
• Working conditions: interviews:– Using methodology Bilan Travail (labor balance for
production step):• Developed by INRA & Institut de l’Elevage in order to assess
work types and share for animal rearing systems• To be adapted for cropping systems
• Use farms’ accounting data collected at the Walloon Region level (FADN-like) (production step)
• Transformation step: data collection from existing facilities
Data inventory in S-LCA & LCC
10
Centre wallon de Recherches agronomiques Unité Biomasse, bioproduits et énergie
www.cra.wallonie.be
Life Cycle Costing
11
• Detailed costs balance of cereal chains is not the objective of our project not a traditional LLC but a valuation of distribution of added value
• Objective: compare best value chain by studying distribution of costs according to chain link rather than an accurate estimation of their evolution in absolute value
• Are included: stocks, sales, raw materials, labour force costs, etc.
• Could be distributed according to working hours for example
Alice Delcour, Florence Van Stappen – avniR LCA Conference 2012 – Lille, 6-7 November 2012Walloon Agricultural Research Centre
www.cra.wallonie.be
Multi-criteria Analysis
• Integrate environmental and socio-economic impacts (E-LCA & S-LCA results)
• Involve stakeholders (producers, policy makers, consumers):– Identify most relevant impact categories,
group/prioritize
– (Weight into a global performance indicator?)
12
Alice Delcour, Florence Van Stappen – avniR LCA Conference 2012 – Lille, 6-7 November 2012Walloon Agricultural Research Centre
www.cra.wallonie.be 13
LCI data
Human & eco-toxicity
Ozone layer depletion
Climate change
Acidification
Eutrophication
Abiotic resources use
Working hours
Health & Safety at work
Human health
Ecosystem quality
Resources
Working conditions
Integration
Socio-economic repercussions
Added value creation
Local employment
Midpoint Endpoint
Subcategories Impact categories
E-LCA
S-LCA
Alice Delcour, Florence Van Stappen – avniR LCA Conference 2012 – Lille, 6-7 November 2012Walloon Agricultural Research Centre
www.cra.wallonie.be
ALT-4-CER: Expected results
Key features of the project:• To involve local stakeholders in all steps (scenario
building, data collection, impact weighting)• To use local data for local issues
Answer key questions raised today in human Societies:“What type of agriculture do we want for tomorrow?
Is it ethically, environmentally and economically sustainable to dedicate cereals resources to other uses
than human food?”End of project: February 2014
Alice Delcour, Florence Van Stappen – avniR LCA Conference 2012 – Lille, 6-7 November 2012Walloon Agricultural Research Centre
www.cra.wallonie.be
Thank you for your attention!
Contact:Alice DELCOUR, Florence VAN STAPPENWalloon Agricultural Research Centrea. [email protected], [email protected]