‘innovation is the - world banksiteresources.worldbank.org/education/resources/...‘innovation is...
TRANSCRIPT
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More from Less for More (MLM)
R A Mashelkar
What is Innovation?
‘Innovation is the
successful exploitation
of a new idea’
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Through Innovation
we achieve
More from Less for More
Industrial Enterprises aim at
Getting
More( Performance)
From Less (Cost)
For More (Profit, value to the shareholder)
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Inclusive Innovation
Getting More
from Less
for More and More People
More and More People
4 billion people with income less than $2 per day!
Need not ‘low cost’ but ‘ultra low cost solutions’.
Need not ‘affordability’ but ‘extreme affordability’
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PriceLow High
High
Haves
Have - Nots
PERFORMANCE
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PriceLow High
High
Haves
Have - Nots
PERFORMANCE
PriceLow High
High
HavesHave - Nots
PERFORMANCE
EXPERIENCE
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Killer Factor Conventional CFS Savings
Cost of ConstructionApprox. $30 /
sq. ft.Approx. $15 /
sq. ft.
50 %
(2 Houses at the Price of One)
Construction Schedule 6 Months 15 Days90 %
(Build 12 Houses in Time of One)
Material Savings
Weight100 % 40 %
60 %
(Build 3 Houses with Material of One)
Time SavingsMore
Construction time
Less Construction
Time
90 %
(Build Second House from Extra Earnings From First House)
Reusability 10 % 80 %70 %
(Rebuild the House Again with little Material Cost)
Eco Friendly Partially 100 %
80 %
(8 times More Energy Efficient. Save Power and Ultimately Save EARTH)
Earthquake Survivability 10 % >80 %70 %
(Save Precious Lives that Cannot be Replaced)
• Faster Speed of Construction- Housing, Hospitals, Emergency shelters, Small Business • Lower Costs Compared to Conventional Construction• Higher Quality and Safety (Courtesy CEC Corp.)
COLD FORMED STEEL TECHNOLOGY
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1. Cold Formed Steel Rolls 2. Roll Former Machine
4. Cold Form Steel (CFS) Studs 5. Assembly of CFS Wall Panels
8. Erect Roof Panels at Site
6. Assembly of CFS Roof Panels
7. Erect Wall Panels at Site
3. Feed Rolls to Roll Former
9. Provide Cladding/Finishing
COLD FORMED STEEL (CFS) TECHNOLOGY FOR BUILDINGS
Getting More
For More
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PriceLow High
High
HavesHave - Nots
PERFORMANCE
EXPERIENCE
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Inclusive Innovation
Getting More from Less for More……
For More…
People
Planet
Prosperity
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Inclusive Innovation
Health For ALL!
Ultra Low Cost
Diagnostics
Therapeutics
Vaccines
Surgeries
…….
Current Drug DevelopmentGetting Less from More for Less
Today10years
ago
Cost of development $1.5 b$250 m
Time 15yrs10yrs
Potential new drugs (NCE) ~30~40
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Cost of Treatment: $20000!
Time for Development: 10 yrs
Cost of Development: Few hundred million dollars
X $50?
X 5 yrs?
X<$10 mn?
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Traditional Medicine
Modern Medicine
Modern Science
Standard Drug Delivery Process
Molecule Mice Men
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Reverse Pharmacology ProcessReverse Pharmacology Process
Men Mice Men
Indian Psoriasis Breakthrough
Getting More from Less for More
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Cataract Eye Surgery
US Costs $ 3,000
Aravind Eye Care $30 - $300
Surgeries: ~ 300,000 per year
More From Less For More
Aravind Eye Care
Revenue model where thousands of blind poor treated for free
Increase surgeons’ productivity not the no of surgeons
Assembly line technique of surgery-increases productivity by factor of 10
Inspiration from McDonalds- delivery of same quality of products in diverse regions through highly trained staff
Employs unique workflow and fee system
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Aravind Eye Care
Increase surgeons’ productivity not the no of surgeons.
Assembly line technique of surgery-increases productivity by factor of 10
Inspiration from McDonalds- delivery of same quality of products in diverse regions through highly trained staff.
Employs unique workflow and fee system
More (higher quality) from Less (cost)
Event____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
AravindRoyal College of Ophthalmologists, UK
Capsule rupture 2.0%4.4%
Iris trauma 0.3%0.7%
Iris prolapse 0.01%0.07%
Anterior chamber collapse 0.3%0.5%
Loss of nuclear fragment 0.2%0.3%
Retained lens material 0.87%1.1%
Loss of IOL into vitreous 0.01%0.16%
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Open Heart Surgery-Narayana Hospital
• Dr Devi Shetty applies Henry Ford’s principles of efficiency
• Reduced cost of open heart surgery by combining economies of scale and specialization
• 1000 beds against 160 beds (avg) in an American hospital
Open Heart Surgery-Narayana Hospital
• 600 surgeries a week
• Cost - $2,000
• Cost in America- $20,000-$100,000
• Clinics on wheels for scale
• Health insurance covers 2.5 million people – premium of 11 cents a month
Getting More from Less for More
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Not just National Laboratories
but
Nation as a Laboratory
Democratization of Innovation
Power of
the self
Most Modern Energy
Storage Device- Ultra-
Capacitors!
Most Modern and
Efficient Lighting
Devices- LED!
75 watt
Generator
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Power of the self
National Innovation Foundation
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High Performance at Ultra Low Cost
Products To__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
From
Psoriasis Treatment $20000 $100
Artificial Foot $12000 $28
Cataract Surgery $3000 $30
Laptop $2000 $100
Hepatitis B Vaccine $18 $0.4
Gandhian Engineering
NOT BUT___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
Low Cost
Affordability
Incremental Innovation
Exclusive Innovation
Ultra Low Cost
Extreme Affordability
Disruptive Innovation
Inclusive Innovation
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World Bank
And
Inclusive Innovation
“I favour a shift in strategy to get more bang for the buck”
- Robert Zoellick
5 December 2009
New Delhi, India
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“Inclusion should not only create opportunities for all within a society but also be globally inclusive.
You cannot leave behind the people that I saw in Rajasthan in India for instance…”
- Robert Zoellick
5 December 2009New Delhi, India
World Bank
(India, 1990-92)
Industrial Technology Development Programme
(ITDP)
Sponsored Research and Development (SPREAD)
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International$18 per dose
40 Cents per dose!!
SPREAD funding creates India’s Hepatitis B Vaccine
•It can help overcome the Inclusive Innovation obstacles by collaborating with strategic partners and creating critical links in the Inclusive Innovation Chain:
•R&D•Product Design•Financing•Entrepreneurship Support•Marketing•Distribution
What can the World Bank do?
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•Inclusive Innovation Grants Programme (IIGP)
•Incremental Funding for applied scientific and engineering R&D focused on BOP
•Rolled out on a national and regional basis
•Scientists and engineers would be encouraged to form virtual and multidisciplinary teams
•Winning proposals will receive long term grants
What can the World Bank do?
•Inclusive Innovation Fund (IIF $100 million, $1 billion ??.. e.g., CGIAR, GEF, CGAP programmes)
•IIF would help innovators develop their ideas from mind to market
•Provide grants to innovators to demonstrate proof of concept, conduct additional R&D, prototype and develop a business plan
•IIF will operate on a competitive basis
What can the World Bank do?
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•Inclusive Innovation Centres (IIC)
•IICs will help innovators convert inclusive innovations into businesses.
•Provide assistance in technology evaluation, demand assessment, market analyses, technology scouting, finding partners, mobilizing financing and develop linkages with private sector organizations.
•IICs will break the isolation that plagues inclusive innovation innovators.
What can the World Bank do?
•Inclusive Innovation Project
•Help developing countries build the indigenous STI capacity to address inclusive innovation solutions.
•Facilitate and link inclusive innovation work being done by global institutions such as GRA, MIT, etc…
What can the World Bank do?
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•Inclusive Innovation Assessments
•Inclusive Innovation Projects
•Policy advice
•Capacity building
•Form partnerships with global organizations
Role of the World Bank in promoting Inclusive Innovation
• CSIRO, Australia
• CSIR, India
• CSIR, South Africa
• FhG, Germany
• TNO, Netherlands
• VTT, Finland
• SIRIM, Malaysia
• DTI, Denmark
• Battelle, USA
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The Power of GRA
• 60,000 scientists from 5 continents
• Scientific credibility
• Members driven by:
– Innovation, Compassion, Passion
• Collective Mandate:
– Global Good through Global Knowledge
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First commercial Xerox copier (Battelle)
Dry copying process developed into the first office copier machine in 1944
MP3 (Fraunhofer)
Development of high quality, low bit-rate audio coding for quality transfer of music
Wi-Fi (CSIRO)
Development and patenting of wireless LAN technology
Gigabyte wireless network (CSIRO)
Development of wireless technology which can deliver up to 12 Gbps over a range of more than 8 kms
Power of GRA- High Tech Pioneers
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But GRA believes in
Inclusive Innovation
A breakthrough in TB after the first new molecule Rifampycin in 1963. Clears TB in two months rather than 6-8 months (CSIR India)
Orbital implant (CSIR SA)
A low cost eye replacement with unique advantages
Relenza, (CSIRO) the first drug successful in treating flu
Bioactive paper for diagnostics (VTT)
Includes functionalities based on the selective reactions of bio-molecules
GRA’s Network of Networks powering low cost internet access to rural Africa……..
• ‘Connecting the unconnected’ with next-gen technology
• Pilot through Macha community in Zambia
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Solar Cooker and rural electrification
• Refugees in Nepal and communities in Madagascar use parabolic solar cookers.
• TNO developed a device to store the collected solar heat and transform it directly into electricity.
• Pilot project promises affordable electricity to around 110,000 families in Madagascar.
World Bank paving the way for
Inclusive Innovation
– GRA-WB initiative
• Approach based reverse pharmacology for treatment
of HIV opportunistic infections
• Basis: Tanzania traditional knowledge!
• Traditional healers and scientists from 5 continents
brought together
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• Tanga project partners
– TAWG (Tanzania)
– NIMR (Tanzania)
– CSIR (SA)
– CSIR (India)
– FhG (Germany)
– TNO (Netherlands)
World Bank paving the way for
Inclusive Innovation
Global Indigenous Knowledge and
Innovation Partnership (GIKIP)
(New York- 26 Sept 2008)
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The Power of partnering 10,000 Development Practitioners with 60,000 Scientists
Potential for inclusive innovation
Innovative
Solutions for
accelerated Sustainable
Development
The World Bank
Global Knowledge Repository
Development Finance
Project Funding
•Potential WB-GRA – Vietnam partnership
•Discussions held during the May Mission- 2010
•Deputy PM and Minister of Science and Technology-Strong champions- want WB project to support GRA partnership
•GRA to act in STI capacity building and provision of proven technologies leading to inclusive innovation
World Bank is PreparingVietnam: Inclusive Innovation Project
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In Press