abcd basic disaster awareness iics august 2010 title

abcd Basic Disaster Awareness

IICS

August 2010

Title

• Increase your knowledge of what to do in a disaster.

• Increase your knowledge of what you can do to reduce your risk in a disaster.

• Increase your knowledge of what to do

after a disaster.

GOALSGOALS

Definition:

• Physical, economic or social loss.

• Daily life is hindered or stops completely.

• People are affected.

Types:

• Natural, physical or human initiated.

System meltdown!

DISASTER EXPERIENCESDISASTER EXPERIENCES

Latest Earthquakes

• http://www.koeri.boun.edu.tr/depremmuh/default.htm

Latest EQ

• http://www.koeri.boun.edu.tr/depremmuh/default.htm

MARMARA EARTHQUAKE 1999MARMARA EARTHQUAKE 1999

1999 Marmara Earhquake.

1900-2004 1900-2004 Earthquakes in TurkeyEarthquakes in Turkey

EARTHQUAKES ARE NATURAL EARTHQUAKES ARE NATURAL PHENOMENAPHENOMENA

MAGNITUDE TYPE PER YEAR EFFECT

0-2.9 SMALL 3,165,000 Recordable but cannot be felt

3.0-3.9 VERY MILD 49,000 Few people feel them

4.0-4.9 MILD 6,200 More people feel them

5.0-5.9 MODERATE 800 Potentially damaging

6.0-6.9 STRONG 120 Damaging

7.0-7.9 MAJOR 18 Potentially destructive

8.0-8.9 GREAT EVERY 10-20 YEARS

Potentially devastating

United States Geological Survey (USGS)

EARTHQUAKES ARE NATURAL PHENOMENA THAT HAPPEN ALL OVER THE WORLD

Earthquakes only happen at

night.

Lie down by a refrigerator.

Head for a doorway

They know when the the eatrthquake is -

they just aren’t telling.

No. In fact, earthquakes happen at all times of the day and night and in all season. So we need to be protected in all places we live work and spend our time, and at all times of the year.

HERESAY FACTS

No. ‘They’ really don’t know. Earthquake science is new. The best “predictions” that we have is that there is a 70% likehood of a major earthquake along the Northern Anatolian fault line, in the Marmara Sea within the next 30 years.

No. Old news. This was came from one old picture of a California adobe house where the only thing left was the doorways. Doorways with strong wooden or steel beams that are part of load bearing walls may be safe. Doorways in cosmetic walls and unreinforced concrete buildings may not be safe.

No. This came from examples of buildings being pulled down and the strong white appliances had small empty spaces by them where people might have survived.

EARTHQUAKE MYTHSEARTHQUAKE MYTHS

TECTONIC PLATE THEORYTECTONIC PLATE THEORY

• The earth’s crust is made up of tectonic plates that move very slowly and rub against one another.

• As the earth moves friction prevents movement, but eventually enough energy is build up that it overcomes the friction and the energy is released in waves along the faultline.

EARTHQUAKE HAZARD vs RISKEARTHQUAKE HAZARD vs RISK

Being prepared reduces our risk.

Earthquake hazard: Natural. We have no control over these.

Earthquake risk: Our particular risk is not simply a matter of which seismic region you live in. It depends on two factors

a. The value exposed to the threatb. The measures we take to

mitigate the risks or to reduce our vulnerabilities

The good news is whilst we can

do nothing about the

hazards, there is a lot we can do about the

risks. Earthquake risks can be mitigated by

human action.

EARTHQUAKE HAZARDSEARTHQUAKE HAZARDS

1. Strength of shaking

2. Duration of shaking

3. Distance from the epicenter

4. Type of soil

5. Depth of earthquake origin

EARTHQUAKE RISK FACTORSEARTHQUAKE RISK FACTORS

1. Building design, materials, constructions and use

2. Lifeline vulnerability: transportation, electric, water and gas lines

3. Non-structural hazard mitigation

4. Fire prevention and firefighting capability

5. First responder capacity

INTENSITY vs MAGNITUDEINTENSITY vs MAGNITUDE

Intensity varies with distance from the epicentre

Not necessarily in concentric circles due to soil types.

Early warning systemsdepend on the different speeds of radio versus seismic waves. In the Marmara region because of proximity of the fault there might be just enough time to create systems that automatically shut off gas, nuclear power, electric trains, and overpass and bridge entrances.

Rapid response systemshold promise for getting help where it is needed quickly by predicting where the worst damage will be within a few minutes after on event based on over 120 strong motion measurement instuments around Istanbul, These can be used to organise fire fighting, first aid, search and rescue and relief.

EARLY WARNING AND RAPID EARLY WARNING AND RAPID RESPONSE SYSTEMSRESPONSE SYSTEMS

DISASTER PREPARENESS IS DISASTER PREPARENESS IS MADE UP OF SMALL STEPSMADE UP OF SMALL STEPS

Store water Arrange for an out of area contact

person

Keep a flashlight, work gloves and shoes by your

bed

Have a family meeting to

discuss plans

Move your bed away from the window.

Secure wardrobe, pictures etc. to walls

BUILDING DAMAGEBUILDING DAMAGE

Structural hazards are the hazards from

building designs .

• Of these buildings:%70 mild and moderate damage, %25 serious damage. %3-5 destroyed.

• In the 1999 Kocaeli earthquake 52,000 buildings were damaged in the Bolu, Kocaeli, Sakarya, İstanbul, Yalova,and Eskişehir provinces.

HAZARD HUNTHAZARD HUNT

Furniture.

Electrical and electronic equipment

White goods

Heating and airconditioning units.

Fixtures and fittings - hanging.

Ornaments.

OSMANİYE, 25 HAZİRAN 2001 OSMANİYE, 25 HAZİRAN 2001 (5.5M)(5.5M)

BİNGÖL,1 MAYIS 2003 BİNGÖL,1 MAYIS 2003 (6.4 Mw)(6.4 Mw)

Cüneyt TÜZÜN, BÜ KRDAE

YOUR HAZARD PLANYOUR HAZARD PLAN

IDENTIFY A LIST OF THINGS TO DO:

Move life threatening things e.g. move your wardrobe away from your bed

Prevent economic loss e.g. move or secure your TV

Ensure safety of valuables e.g move or secure family heirlooms

EARTHQUAKE HAZARD PLAN

MAKE A PLAN

Things to be done completion date

Fix wardrobe to wall

Kitchen cabinets

Üst mutfak dolabında çelik tencereler var ve kapakları sarsıntıda açılabilir

Banyoda şofben duvara sağlam sabitlenmemiş

Televizyon sabit değil

Salondaki yüksek vitrin sabit değil

Koridordaki ayna çiviyle tutturulmamış

Dış kapının karşısındaki portmanto sabitlenmemiş

01.11.2005

05.11.2005

15.10.2005

01.10.2005

13.10.2005

01.11.2005

-

-

MOVE THINGS!MOVE THINGS!

Move things that can fall or block exits.

Move heavy things from top to bottom shelves.

WHAT NEEDS SECURINGWHAT NEEDS SECURING

• Heavy furniture - secure it if it is taller than it is wide

• White goods, electrical goods

• Hanging objects and all things above your head.

• Crockery and cupboard items.

• Flamable liquids - limit, isolate and secure.

• Books .

SECURE YOUR BEDROOMSECURE YOUR BEDROOM

WHAT CAN HAPPEN IN AN WHAT CAN HAPPEN IN AN EARTHQUAKEEARTHQUAKE

Heavy objects can move in many directions.

• Tip.

• Slide.

• Block exits.

FURNITURE and FURNITURE and PROFILES PROFILES

ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT AND BELTSELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT AND BELTS

WHITE GOODS AND BELTSWHITE GOODS AND BELTS

ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT AND PLASTIC ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT AND PLASTIC CLIPSCLIPS

SECURING ELECTRONIC AND SECURING ELECTRONIC AND ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT USING VELCROELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT USING VELCRO

PLASTIC CLIPS FOR LIGHT PLASTIC CLIPS FOR LIGHT FITTINGSFITTINGS

RUBBER MATS TO PREVENT SLIPPINGRUBBER MATS TO PREVENT SLIPPING

HOOKS TO SECURE HANGING HOOKS TO SECURE HANGING OBJECTSOBJECTS

CATCHES TO SECURE CATCHES TO SECURE CUPBOARDSCUPBOARDS

SECURING VALUABLESSECURING VALUABLES

SECURING ITEMS ON SHELVESSECURING ITEMS ON SHELVES

SECURE GAS APPLIANCESSECURE GAS APPLIANCES

•Secure your stove, water heater, furnace, clothes drier etc. The appliance should be fixed at the top and bottom to prevent tipping,

rolling and sliding.

SECURING ITEMS TO UNITS AND SECURING ITEMS TO UNITS AND TABLESTABLES

LIBRARIESLIBRARIES

WINDOW AND MIRROR GLASSWINDOW AND MIRROR GLASS

KEEP YOUR EXIT ROUTES KEEP YOUR EXIT ROUTES CLEARCLEAR

• Ensure that exits cannot be blocked by furniture

• Make sure exit doors open outwards

• Have alternative routes

• Make sure exits are clearly labeled

• Keep a crow bar/ heavy iron pry bar inside the building particularly if there are iron bars on your window.

FAMILY HAZARD PLANFAMILY HAZARD PLAN

• Have a family meeting(home, work, school)

• Include everyone.

• Review every 6 months.

• Determine a safe place.

• Identify unsafe places.

• Practice DROP COVER AND HOLD


DETERMINE MEETING POINTS

• Identify a meeting point inside your home, outside your home and outside your neighbourhood.

• Children should remain in school until they can be collected

• Arrange a point to leave messages


DO NOT USE THE TELEPHONE UNLESS YOU HAVE A PHYSICAL EMERGENCY

• Local area networks will become overloaded. Phones will get knocked off the hook. Replace them.


DETERMINE AN OUT OF AREA CONTACT PERSON

• Choose a person out of area to be your out of area contact person.

• Give them a list of the people that will want to know about your safety.

• Give your friends and relatives your out of area contact persons number.

• Therefore you will only have to make one call.


PREPARE COPIES OF IMPORTANT DOCUMENTS

• Prepare copies of your important documents

• These include your passport, your ikamet, professional certificates, bank books, deeds for property, prescriptions for medication etc.

• Keep a copy in work and send a copy to your out of area contact (scan and email to self).



Keep shoes, work gloves and a flashlight

next to your bed.

DO NOT LIGHT ANY FLAME AFTER

AN EARTHQUAKE

• There is a danger of gas leaks.

• No smoking.

LEARN TO USE A FIRE EXTINGUISHER• Every house should have a fire extinguisher and they should be serviced every year.


CORRROSIVE AND FLAMABLE LIQUIDS

• LIMIT• ISOLATE• SECURE


LEARN TO TURN OFF YOUR UTILITIES!

Find out how to turn off your• Gas• Electricity• Water

Unplug appliances to avoid them getting damaged when the electricity is reconnected


STORE WATER AND FOOD

• At least 4 litres a day per person. At least 3 days store

• Fill bathtubs and sinks immediately after an earthquake.

• Store high calorie food

• Renew supplies every 6 months.


FIRST AID KIT

Your first aid kit should include every day needs, repeat prescriptions etc.

Plan to use these items for every day needs as well so that they keep fresh.


PREPARE A PERSONAL EARTHQUAKE KIT

Check and refresh every 6 months!


• Find a safe place and DROP

• COVER your head and neck

• HOLD onto something secure

• Stay where you are until the shaking stops.

DURING AN EARTHQUAKEDURING AN EARTHQUAKE

BREATH DEEPLY AND

KEEP CALM!

DROP, COVER, HOLD!DROP, COVER, HOLD!

• They should be easily accessible

• Everyone should know where they are.

• They should be tightly secured to the wall.

• They need to be checked every year.

• They should be refilled once used.

FIRE EXTINGUISHERSFIRE EXTINGUISHERS

HOW TO USE A FIRE HOW TO USE A FIRE EXTINGUISHEREXTINGUISHER

PULLPULL

AIMAIM

SPRAYSPRAY

SWEEPSWEEP

WHAT YOU SHOULD NOT DO WHAT YOU SHOULD NOT DO DURING AN EARTHQUAKEDURING AN EARTHQUAKE

• Do not run to the stairs or the

exit doors.

• Do not go out on the balcony.

• Do not jump from balconies

or windows.

• Do not use the elevator.

WHAT YOU SHOULD NOT DO WHAT YOU SHOULD NOT DO AFTER AN EARTHQUAKEAFTER AN EARTHQUAKE

• Do not panic, scream or run..

• Do not use a phone except to report a physical emergency..

• Do not light a match, lighter, candle or fire..

• There will always be aftershocks. They There will always be aftershocks. They will get less each time. Aftershocks can will get less each time. Aftershocks can cause further damage. cause further damage.

WHAT YOU SHOULD DO WHAT YOU SHOULD DO AFTER AN EARTHQUAKEAFTER AN EARTHQUAKE

Stay calm. Do not panicStay calm. Do not panic..

INSIDE

• Check for injuries: can you help others?

• Do you smell gas?Open doors and windows exit immediately

• Check phone is not off the hook

• Check for hazardous spills

WHAT YOU SHOULD DO WHAT YOU SHOULD DO AFTER AN EARTHQUAKEAFTER AN EARTHQUAKE

OUTSIDE

• Stay away from live wires. • Stay away from unsafe buildings.

• Help those who need it.

WHAT TO DO AFTER AN WHAT TO DO AFTER AN EARTHQUAKEEARTHQUAKE

After a severe earthquake, children in the affected area should not be sent

anywhere on service buses until it

has been determined that both

the route and the destination is safe.

SCHOOL EVACUATION

PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORTPSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT

To help the best things that you can do;

– Recognise your own feelings– Talk to others about your feelings– Accept help from others in the spirit in whch it is

offered.– Get enough rest– Get physical activity– Give someone a hug, physical touching helps– Learn to really listen and show that you are listening– Accept the feelings of other without trying to change

them– Spend extra time with your child– Be tolerant of others

NEXT STEPSNEXT STEPS

THE FIRST 72 HOURS

During the first 72 hours after a disaster, most help comes from those immediately around us. There is no government anywhere in the world that has the resources to meet all the needs after a disaster. In order to be ready there are many skills that we can learn.

First AidLight Search and RescueFire SuppressionResponse organisation

There are many ways that we can help, even without extra skills:

– Find supplies and transportation– Collect and prepare food and water– Set up shelters and temporary toilets,– Supervise elderly and children– Secure the perimeter of unsafe areas– Offer psychological support to those in need

abcd basic disaster awareness iics august 2010 title

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