ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

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Adjective clauses can be called relativepronouns. Adjective clauses are pronouns that used to connect two sentences into one by removing the same parts and areplacement that functions as an adjective.

There are some kinds of adjective clause, such as WHO, WHOM, WHICH, WHOSE, THAT.

To understand how to use "who," "whom," and "whose," you first have to understand the difference between subjects, objects, and possessive forms.– Subjects do an action:

• He loves movies.

• She goes to school.

– Objects receive an action:• The teachers like him.

• Thomas knows her.

– Possessive forms tell us the person something belongs to:• His bike is broken.

• I like her new book.

WHO

Is used to replace the subject pronoun (generally only for people as a subject)

Formula :

Modified + Conjunction + Modifier

the word “Who” followed by a subject + verb pattern.

Example :

NEXT EXAMPLE IS NUMBER 5, PAGE 5.

Mr Tom is my father.He works at BNI

Mr Tom WHO works at BNI is my father

WHOM

• Whom are used only for people.

• Whom is the object of the clause. After whom you should see a subject (noun or pronoun).

EXAMPLE

• The people are very interesting. Maria works for them.

• The people whom Maria works for are very interesting.

WHich

• Using which in Adjective Clause

1. Used for subjects such as animals or things.E.g:The cat which always sleeps in

the room is my cat.The novel which is on the table

is very interesting

2. Used to describe objects such as animals or things. This context, the word “Which”followed by a subject + verb pattern.

Ex:• The dog which I saw last night in the room

is wild.• The car which he bought last week is very

expensive.

3. The word “Which”, in the context of explaining the word noun as an object can be removed.

Ex:

• The dog I saw last night in the room is wild.

• The car which he bought last week is very expensive.

THAT

• used to replace person orthings, both as subject and object

• is often used instead of relative pronoun “who, whom and which”

• That used for both people and things.

Using Subject Pronouns

Example :

I thanked the woman. She helped me.

I thanked the women that helped me.

The book is mine. It is on the table.

The book that is on the table is mine.

The river is polluted. It flows through town.

The river that flows through town is polluted.

I saw the man. He closed the door.

I saw the man that closed the door.

Using Object Pronouns

1. Pronoun used as the object of a verb

Example :

The man was Mr. Jones. I saw him.

The man that I saw was Mr. Jones.

The movie wasn’t very good. We saw it last night.

The movie that we saw last night wasn’t very good.

The books were expensive. I bought them.

The books that I bought were expensive.

Notice in the examples :

The adjective clause pronouns are placed atthe beginning of the clause. ( Generalguideline : Place an adjective clause pronounas close as possible to the noun it modifies).

2. Pronoun used as the object of a preposition

Example :

She is the woman. I told you about her.

She is the woman that I told you about.

The music was good. We listened to it last night.

The music that we listen to last night was good.

Note : If the preposition comes at the beginning of theadjective clause, only whom or which may be used.A preposition is never immediately followed by thator who.

whose

• Whose shows “possesion”

• used to replace owner, good people, animals, plants, or other objects

EXAMPLE :

(a)The man called the police. His car was stolen.

Whose car

(b) The people are moving to Hawaii. We boughttheir house.

Whose house

The people whose house we bought are moving to Hawaii.

Notice :

Whose comes immediately after the noun it modifies.

PREPOSITIONS

“Whom, which, and that can be used in the object of preposition in an adjetive clause.

• A preposition often comes at the beginning of an adjective clause.

• Kinds of the prepositions are in, at, to, about, etc

• A preposition isn’t used for “WHO”

• EXAMPLE :The man is over there

I told you about him

The man about whom i told you is over there

THANK YOU